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After smoking cigarettes for 15 years, Joe Vondruska decided to make a change in his life. “I have not smoked a combustible cigarette in over seven years. Knowing that, I wanted to spend the rest of my life healthy with my wife, I looked for an alternative to ingest my nicotine,” Joe Vondruska said.For him, that alternative was vaping. His wife Monica says the switch has been beneficial for the both of them.“I’m not smelling cigarette smoke in the morning when I wake up. I’m not hearing him cough and hack loogies off the front deck,” Monica Vondruska said.Monica says multiple people in her life have used vape products to quit traditional smoking. In fact, that’s one of the biggest reasons she and Joe decided to open a vape shop.“We all know that smoking kills, we’ve known that since the 60s and yet today we still have people smoking. In order for us to get that smoking rate down, there needs to be a viable option for people,” Monica Vondruska said.But is vaping a safe alternative to traditional cigarettes? Pulmonary Physician Jeff Sippel with UCHealth in Colorado says first you have to look at the differences between the two. “Smoking of tobacco and marijuana leaves has both dust particulate matter and oils – that’s the tar aspect that someone inhales. Whereas vaping is purified oil from a plant – it’s extracted from a plant,” Dr. Sippel said.According to Dr. Sippel, people who vape aren’t exposed to the harmful particles of combustible cigarettes. However, both products contain oils, which he says isn’t great for the lungs either. “Our lungs like water, our lungs don’t like oil. And so if we vape or smoke, and we get oil products into our lungs, that’s when we have problems,” Dr. Sippel said.Dr. Sippel says vape products often have more concentrated oils of flavoring, CBD, or THC, and that’s why we’re seeing some lung-related illnesses emerge. Consequently, Dr. Sippel says vaping is still a health risk and can’t be recommended by doctors as a good alternative to traditional smoking. Nevertheless, when you put the two side by side, he says there is more evidence to show combustible cigarettes are worse.“We could say that vaping is probably the lesser of two evils.” Dr. Sippel says it will take more time to really study the potential risks to vaping.“Lung cancer as an example takes 20 to 50 years for someone to have that condition related to smoking. So what we don’t know is what is the vaping risk going to look like 20 to 50 years from now,” Dr. Sippel said.He says e-cigarettes haven’t been around long enough for medical professionals to know the extent of their impact. But as a pulmonary physician, Dr. Sippel suggests staying away from both.“I think a goal for this whole category of smoking and vaping would be for somebody to go from their current state of affairs, to less, to zero. And ultimately a goal is zero cigarettes or zero vaping, because that’s in somebody’s health best interest,” Dr. Sippel said.The Vondruska family has witnessed some people achieving that goal with the help of vaping. ”We don’t mind if people get off vaping at all because we’re still a community and we’re still a family and they still drop in which is pretty neat. Probably one of the neatest things about opening a vape shop,” Monica Vondruska said.It’s that community the Vondruskas feel is necessary to help people quit their smoking habit if that’s what they desire. Whatever the case, they stick together like a family. “For years and years and years we’ve been demonized as smokers and kind of outcasted. And when you have a support system of ‘ok let’s step your nicotine down. If this is your goal, let’s do it’. A lot of smokers don’t have that support system,” Monica Vondruska. ************************************If you’d like to contact the journalist for this story, please email elizabeth.ruiz@scripps.com 3869

A right-wing political action committee has taken credit for staging a viral video taken at a town hall meeting held by Rep. Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez, D-NY, in which an attendee suggested that eating babies was a solution to the climate crisis.The video was taken Thursday at a town hall held by Ocasio-Cortez in her home district of Queens, New York. After asking the crowd for questions, a woman stood up and began speaking."We only have a few months left. I love that you support the New Green Deal, but it's not getting rid of fossil fuels. It's not going to solve the problem fast enough," the woman said. "A Swedish professor has suggested eating dead people, but that's not fast enough. So I think your new campaign slogan should be this: We have to start eating babies."The unidentified woman was eventually led out of the town hall. Ocasio-Cortez did not respond to the woman's suggestion but instead pivoted to fighting climate change.The video eventually got the attention of President Donald Trump. Trump retweeted a version of the video posted by his son, calling Ocasio-Cortez a "Wack Job." It's unlikely the president knew if a right-wing PAC claimed credit for the stunt. 1199

An Amber Alert has been issued for a Georgia toddler who was abducted by her non-custodial parent.Baylee Peeples, 1, was last seen wearing a pink shirt with hearts. She has blonde hair, blue eyes, and weighs about 25 pounds. She went missing Thursday in Jefferson, Georgia.She was abducted by her non-custodial parent, Robert Peeples, a 39-year-old man who is 5 feet 10 inches tall, about 190 pounds, with blue eyes and buzz cut hair.The two may be traveling in a white GMC van. Their last known location was at Lawrenceville Highway and Pleasant Hill Road in Gwinnett County.Anyone with information is asked to contact Arcade, Georgia police at 706-367-1821. 671

A woman will be in recovery for the rest of her life after someone posing as a delivery person shot her point-blank with a crossbow.The attack, which is being investigated as an attempted murder, occurred in November in Mississauga, Ontario, Canada. This week, police released video footage of the suspect at the victim's door in the hope that the person could be identified. 387

A pinch in the leg, a squeal and a trickle of tears. One baby after another in Malawi is getting the first and only vaccine against malaria, one of history’s deadliest and most stubborn of diseases.The southern African nation is rolling out the shots in an unusual pilot program along with Kenya and Ghana. Unlike established vaccines that offer near-complete protection, this new one is only about 40% effective. But experts say it’s worth a try as progress against malaria stalls: Resistance to treatment is growing and the global drop in cases has leveled off. With the vaccine, the hope is to help small children through the most dangerous period of their lives. Spread by mosquito bites, malaria kills more than 400,000 people every year, two-thirds of them under 5 and most in Africa.Seven-month-old Charity Nangware received a shot on a rainy December day at a health clinic in the town of Migowi. She watched curiously as the needle slid into her thigh, then twisted up her face with a howl.“I’m very excited about this,” said her mother, Esther Gonjani, who herself gets malaria’s aches, chills and fever at least once a year and loses a week of field work when one of her children is ill. “They explained it wasn’t perfect, but I feel secure it will relieve the pain.”There is little escaping malaria -- “malungo” in the local Chichewa language -- especially during the five-month rainy season. Stagnant puddles, where mosquitoes breed, surround the homes of brick and thatch and line the dirt roads through tea plantations or fields of maize and sugar cane. In the village of Tomali, the nearest health clinic is a two-hour bike ride away. The longer it takes to get care, the more dangerous malaria can be. Teams from the clinic offer basic medical care during visits once or twice a month, bringing the malaria shot and other vaccines in portable coolers. Treating malaria takes up a good portion of their time during the rainy season, according to Daisy Chikonde, a local health worker.“If this vaccine works, it will reduce the burden,” she said.Resident Doriga Ephrem proudly said her 5-month-old daughter, Grace, didn’t cry when she got the malaria shot.When she heard about the vaccine, Ephrem said her first thought was “protection is here.” Health workers explained, however, that the vaccine is not meant to replace antimalarial drugs or the insecticide-treated bed net she unfolds every night as the sun sets and mosquitoes rise from the shadows. “We even take our evening meals inside the net to avoid mosquitoes,” she said.It took three decades of research to develop the new vaccine, which works against the most common and deadly of the five parasite species that cause malaria. The parasite’s complex life cycle is a huge challenge. It changes forms in different stages of infection and is far harder to target than germs.“We don’t have any vaccines against parasites in routine use. This is uncharted territory,” said Ashley Birkett, who directs PATH’s Malaria Vaccine Initiative, a nonprofit that helped drugmaker GlaxoSmithKline develop the shot, brand-named Mosquirix. The bite of an infected mosquito sends immature parasites called sporozoites into the bloodstream. If they reach the liver, they’ll mature and multiply before spewing back into the blood to cause malaria’s debilitating symptoms. At that point, treatment requires medicines that kill the parasites.Mosquirix uses a piece of the parasite — a protein found only on sporozoites’ surface — in hopes of blocking the liver stage of infection. When a vaccinated child is bitten, the immune system should recognize the parasite and start making antibodies against it.Scientists also are searching for next-generation alternatives. In the pipeline is an experimental vaccine made of whole malaria parasites dissected from mosquitoes’ salivary glands but weakened so they won’t make people sick. Sanaria Inc. has been testing its vaccine in adults, and is planning a large, late-stage study in Equatorial Guinea’s Bioko Island.And the U.S. National Institutes of Health soon will start initial tests of whether injecting people periodically with lab-made antibodies, rather than depending on the immune system to make them, could offer temporary protection during malaria season. Think of them as “potentially short-term vaccines,” NIH’s Dr. Robert Seder told a recent meeting of the American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.For now, only babies in parts of Malawi, Kenya and Ghana are eligible for the Mosquirix vaccine. After the vaccine was approved in 2015, the World Health Organization said it first wanted a pilot roll-out to see how well it worked in a few countries — in real-world conditions — before recommending that the vaccine be given more widely across Africa. “Everyone is looking forward to getting it,” said Temwa Mzengeza, who oversees Malawi’s vaccine programs. Those eager for the shots include her husband, whom she had to stop from trying to get them, she said.Mzengeza used to come down with malaria several times a year until she started following her own advice to sleep under a net every night. Unlike many other kinds of infections, people can get malaria repeatedly, building up only a partial immunity.In the pilot program that began last year, 360,000 children in the three countries are meant to be vaccinated annually. The first dose is given at about age 5 months and the final, fourth booster near the child’s second birthday.Experts say it is too early to know how well the vaccine is working. They’re watching for malaria deaths, severe infections and cases of meningitis, something reported during studies but not definitively linked to the vaccine.“To do something completely new for malaria is exciting,” said researcher Don Mathanga, who is leading the evaluation in Malawi. The rainy season has brought new challenges, making some rural roads impassable and complicating efforts to track down children due for a shot. So far in Malawi, the first dose reached about half of the children targeted, about 35,000. That dropped to 26,000 for the second dose and 20,000 for the third. That’s not surprising for a new vaccine, Mzengeza said. “It will pick up with time.”At the health clinic in Migowi in Malawi’s southern highlands, workers see signs of hope. Henry Kadzuwa explains the vaccine to mothers waiting at the clinic. He said there was a drop in malaria cases to 40 in the first five months of the program, compared to 78 in the same period in 2018.Even though he wishes his 3-year-old daughter, Angel, could receive the vaccine, “it’s protecting my community. It also makes my work easier,” Kadzuwa said. The Migowi area has one of the country’s highest rates of malaria, and a worn paper register in the clinic’s laboratory lists scores of cases.At the clinic, Agnes Ngubale said she had malaria several years ago and wants to protect her 6-month-old daughter, Lydia, from the disease.“I want her to be healthy and free,” she said. “I want her to be a doctor.”And she has memorized the time for Lydia’s second dose: “Next month, same date.”___Neergaard reported from Washington.___The Associated Press Health and Science Department receives 7200