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Sticking to a normal daily rhythm -- being active during the day and sleeping at night -- can have more benefits than you might expect.A new study found that it is linked to improvements in mood and cognitive functioning as well as a decreased likelihood of developing major depression and bipolar disorder.The study, published Tuesday in the journal The Lancet Psychiatry, looked at disruptions in the circadian rhythms -- or daily sleep-wake cycles -- of over 91,000 adults in the United Kingdom. It measured these disruptions using a device called an accelerometer that is worn on the wrist and measures one's daily activity levels. The participants were taken from the UK Biobank, a large cohort of over half a million UK adults ages 37 to 73.The researchers found that individuals with more circadian rhythm disruptions -- defined as increased activity at night, decreased activity during the day or both -- were significantly more likely to have symptoms consistent with bipolar disorder or major depression. They were also more likely to have decreased feelings of well-being and to have reduced cognitive functioning, based on a computer-generated reaction time test.For all participants, activity levels were measured over a seven-day period in either 2013 or 2014, and mental health proxies such as mood and cognitive functioning were measured using an online mental health questionnaire that participants filled out in 2016 or 2017."It's widely known that a good night's sleep is a good thing for well-being and health. That's not a big surprise," said?Dr. Daniel Smith, professor of psychiatry at the University of Glasgow and a leading author on the study. "But I think what's less well-known and what comes out of this work is that not only is a good night's sleep important, but having a regular rhythm of being active in daylight and inactive in darkness over time is important for mental well-being."The findings were found to be consistent even when controlling for a number of influential factors including age, sex, lifestyle, education and body mass index, according to Smith."I think one of the striking things that we found was just the consistency in the direction of our association across everything we looked at in terms of mental health," Smith said.Daily circadian rhythm is controlled by a collection of neurons in an area of the brain called the hypothalamus. The hypothalamus helps regulate a number of important behavioral and physiological functions such as body temperature, eating and drinking habits, emotional well-being and sleep, according to the?National Institute of General Medical Sciences.The findings are consistent with research indicating a link between sleep disruptions and mood disorders. A 2009 study, for example, showed that men who worked night shifts for four years or more were more likely to have anxiety and depression than those who work during the day.However, the new study is the first to use objective measurements of daily activity and is among the largest of its kind, according to?Aiden Doherty, senior research fellow at the University of Oxford, who was not involved in the research."This study is the first large-scale investigation of the association of objectively measured circadian rhythmicity with various mental health, well-being, personality and cognitive outcomes, with an unprecedented sample size of more than 90 000 participants," Doherty wrote in an email."Previous studies have been very small (in just a few hundred people), or relied on self-report measures (asking people what they think they do). ... However, this study used objective device-based measures in over 90,000 participants; and then linked this information to standard measures of mood disorders, subjective well-being, and cognitive function," he added.The findings have significant public health consequences, particularly for those who live in urban areas, where circadian rhythms are often disrupted due to artificial light, according to Smith."By 2030, two-thirds of the world's population will be living in cities, and we know that living in an urban environment can be pretty toxic to your circadian system because of all the artificial light that you're exposed to," Smith said."So we need to think about ways to help people tune in to their natural rhythms of activity and sleeping more effectively. Hopefully, that will protect a lot of people from mood disorders."For those who struggle to maintain a consistent circadian rhythm, certain strategies -- such as avoiding technology at night -- have proven to be an important part of good sleep hygiene."Not using your phone late at night and having a regular pattern of sleeping is really important," Smith said. "But equally important is a pattern of exposing yourself to sunshine and daylight in the morning and doing activity in the morning or midday so you can actually sleep properly."Based on the observational nature of the study, the researchers were unable to show causality, meaning it is unclear whether the sleep disturbances caused the mental health problems or vice versa."It's a cross-sectional study, so we can't say anything about cause and effect or what came first, the mood disorder or the circadian disruption," said Kristen Knutson, associate professor of neurology at Northwestern's Feinberg School of Medicine, who was not involved in the study."And it's likely they affect each other in a circular fashion," she added.The researchers also looked exclusively at adults between age 37 and 73, meaning the results may not apply to younger individuals, whose circadian rhythms are known to be different than those of older adults, according to Smith."The circadian system changes throughout life. If you've got kids, you know that very young kids tend to be nocturnal," Smith said. "My suspicion is that we might observe even more pronounced effects in younger samples, but that hasn't been done yet, to my knowledge."But the study adds more credence to the idea that sleep hygiene -- including maintaining a consistent pattern of sleep and wake cycles -- may be an important component of good mental health, according to Smith."It's an exciting time for this kind of research because it's beginning to have some real-world applications," Smith said. "And from my point of view as a psychiatrist, I think it's probably under-recognized in psychiatry how important healthy circadian function is, but it's an area that we're trying to develop." 6496

TAMPA, Fla. — Air conditioning units may be contributing to the spread of COVID-19, especially in the southern part of the United States, according to a Harvard epidemiologist.Dr. Edward Nardell is a professor in the Departments of Environmental Health and Immunology and Infectious Diseases at the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health. He's done in-depth research on how air conditioning units contribute to the spread of airborne infections.Nardell said air conditioning can help airborne viruses spread in three ways.First, people go inside to cool down, when you are much safer outdoors, Nardell said. Now, we're seeing more people indoors because of the high heat and humidity, specifically in the southern states like Florida.The second problem is that air conditioning brings in very little outside air, according to Nardell. While this isn't a major problem inside your own home, it can be especially problematic in corporate settings."It just isn't economically possible to bring in outside air, recirculate it and dehumidify it," he said.Lastly, he said when people are indoors, you're often not spaced out safely as you would be outdoors."You are not socially distanced as much, but you're re-breathing the same air that someone else just exhaled," Nardell said. "We call it rebreathed air fraction, and if someone is infectious, often asymptomatic, you're going to be rebreathing their small particles."Nardell also said air conditioning units can generate air currents that can carry large particles even further, similar to what researchers found contributed to the spread of the novel coronavirus disease in an air-conditioned restaurant in Guangzhou, China, involving three family clusters.On the Department of Homeland Security's website, this tool can be used to estimate how long the virus would be expected to remain stable while airborne.Now, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention is recommending restaurants increasing the distance between tables and improving ventilation.The use of germicidal lamps, a technology that Nardell said is almost 100 years old, has been proven effective in protecting against tuberculosis infection and is already in use in some settings to fight COVID-19.The lamps are set up to shine horizontally, high in the room where sterilization is needed. Air currents, stirred in part by warmth from human bodies, circulate up to the ceiling, where the ultraviolet light kills floating pathogens, and then back down again.This technology, Nardell said, is not only proven, but it can also be deployed cheaply and easily in a number of settings as society reopens.This story was originally published by Lauren Rozyla at WFTS. 2691

TAMPA, Florida — Police said they got a big win Friday night after they were able to arrest a man wanted in connection to installing credit card skimming devices across the Tampa Bay area.Police on scene told ABC Action News they were able to take the skimmer into evidence after a customer at the Chase Bank at 2001 N. Dale Mabry pulled it off the drive-up ATM while getting cash out.That customer flagged an officer down and showed him the skimmer. What that customer didn’t know is that undercover officers were already in pursuit of the man. Officers on scene say he was wanted by multiple agencies.The man, who has been identified as Yanier Manso Caballero from Hialeah, ditched his black Mercedes in the McDonald’s parking lot next to the bank, kicked off his flip flops, and took off running as officers tried to make an arrest.The police helicopter was able to lead K-9 officers to a heat signature of a man inside a shed on West Cherry Street, about a quarter mile away from the bank. The man was taken into custody a short time later.The customer that found the skimmer told officers on scene that he saw at least two other customers get cash out before he found the skimming device. There is no information, at this point, about how long the device might have been on the ATM. 1305

The beloved 1990 classic "The Witches" gets a star-studded and charming rebirth on HBO Max, which adds diversity that the original movie lacked.Jahzir Kadeem Bruno plays an orphaned child who uncovers a secret society of witches who specialize in tormenting kids -- either eating them or transforming them into animals. Consistently funny and loaded with cheeky dialogue and stunning visuals, the film nails a storybook feel, and will no doubt cast a spell over families looking for something new to watch together amid the pandemic.A turbo mode Anne Hathaway guzzles an overacting potion for her role as the Grand High Witch, which is exactly the right approach. Allowing no restraint or nuance to taint her performance, she relishes her character's cartoonishly evil ways and commands every scene.Octavia Spencer serves as the emotional core as Agatha, a tough love-dealing, home remedy-loving grandmother. Stanley Tucci and Kristin Chenoweth cut it up in supporting roles, and Chris Rock serves as the disarming narrator.Remaking a beloved 1990 family film is a task lined with pitfalls, but director Robert Zemeckis uses the skills he developed in the likes of "Back to the Future," "Forrest Gump" and "Cast Away" to tiptoe the fine line between reinvention and paying tribute to the classic. In some ways, he stays truer to the 1983 Roald Dahl book than the original film, while taking enough creative license to make the story his own.While there's no budging the original out of the hearts and minds of those who grew up with it, this new version of "The Witches" is a skilled, welcome change-up that is as well built to last as its predecessor. RATING: 3 stars out of 4.Phil Villarreal TwitterPhil Villarreal FacebookPhil Villarreal Amazon Author PagePhil Villarreal Rotten Tomatoes 1798

STOCKHOLM – Greta Thunberg showed support for Democratic presidential nominee Joe Biden in a rare political tweet Saturday.The 17-year-old environmental activist wrote that she doesn’t usually engage in party politics, but the upcoming U.S. election “is above and beyond that.”“From a climate perspective it’s very far from enough and many of you of course supported other candidates. But, I mean…you know…damn!” wrote Thunberg. “Just get organized and get everyone to vote #Biden.”In the same tweet, Thunberg shared an editorial piece from Scientific American that says, “choosing Donald Trump for president is choosing fiction over fact – a fatal mistake.” In September, the publication broke with its 175-year tradition of not endorsing presidential candidates and backed Biden.Thunberg has become a face of the movement to combat climate change.Thunberg has also been criticized by Trump in the past. When the activist was named Time’s Person of the Year in 2019, the president mocked her, saying she needed to “work on her anger management problem, then go to a good old-fashioned movie with a friend.”Trump has publicly dismissed the science on climate change. Last month, he said “I don’t think science knows” what it’s talking about regarding global warming and the resulting worsening of wildfires, hurricanes and other natural disasters. 1355