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As Beijing's migrant population continues to grow, some experts believe the decades-old hukou system is outmoded and broken. A migrant worker walks past a row of new property buildings in Beijing April 4, 2007. As Beijing's migrant population continues to grow, some experts believe the decades-old hukou system is outmoded and broken. [Reuters]The policy requires migrants to get temporary permits, or the much harder to obtain hukou, once they move to the city. These days, a growing number of those who relocate to find better jobs in Beijing tend to stay longer or even resettle with their entire families, according to a study by the Renmin University of China. The investigation revealed that this "floating population" in Beijing, currently at 3.57 million, stays an average of 4.8 years in the city. In addition, over 51 percent of those remain for more than five years while over 41 percent bring the whole family. "It is getting trendier for them to come and reside with the whole family," said Zhai Zhenwu, dean of the School of Social and Population Science. Representing 23 percent of local residents, most migrants live in the nearby suburban areas and villages within downtown. The thriving low-skilled labor market in Beijing has been a major source of jobs for unskilled migrants. Zhai said the most basic jobs in the city offer higher wages that far exceed what migrants would have earned in rural areas. But city life also means a poor quality of life and inadequate social services. For example, statistics show that the urban per capita disposable income in Beijing is five times more than the average in rural areas of neighboring Hebei Province and 6.7 times more than that in Anhui Province. China's hukou system, established in the 1950s, divided the Chinese into two categories: rural and non-rural households. The policy was established to control population migration, largely from rural to urban areas. Under the policy, rural people are not granted social security in cities and are restricted from receiving public services such as education, medical care, housing and employment. On the other hand, their urban compatriots have no access to farmland in the countryside. For years, non-rural residency, especially in cities like Beijing and Shanghai, has been a difficult goal for outsiders, particularly rural migrant workers. According to Zhang Chewei, vice-president of the Research Institute of Population Science at the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences in Beijing, the system needs work. He referred to the "unfair treatment in social recourses and justice, also it hinders market development in both rural and urban areas." For example, each migrant worker must fork over 20,000 to 30,000 yuan (,597 to ,896) for a child to enrol in a local primary or middle school. And they're often turned down if they try to buy affordable homes in urban areas. It is estimated that more than 120 million rural workers live in cities throughout China. "Hukou has played a significant role as basic data provider and identification registration in certain historical periods, but it has become neither scientific nor rational," Zhang said. Reform of the hukou system began in 1992, but the policy remains complicated and unfair for many. Last month, the Ministry of Public Security said the country will reform the system, but did not offer any details. Yu Lingyun, a professor with the Law School of Tsinghua University, called for the system to be abolished. "It is not hukou that has robbed the social welfare of the 'floating population,' but the discriminating system itself, and most fundamentally the limited public finance," Yu told China Daily yesterday. "If not for the hukou system, schools can find other reasons to decline a rural student," he said. "Under current conditions, at least we should not bear any prejudice against them," he said.  

BEIJING -- China and Japan on Thursday expressed the hope that bilateral ties should move headway as they staged grand activities marking the 35th anniversary of the normalization of diplomatic ties."Chinese and Japanese politicians made strategic decision to normalize diplomatic relations 35 years ago, turning a new chapter of the Sino-Japanese ties," Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao spoke to visiting Japanese guests including former Japanese prime ministers Mori Yoshiro and Tomiichi Murayama.China-Japan relation is facing good momentum of development and opportunities, and the Chinese government will continue its friendly policy towards Japan to develop friendly neighbouring relations of cooperation, Wen said.At the grand reception with 600-odd attendance, Chinese State Councilor Tang Jiaxuan said the China-Japan ties have witnessed ups and downs during the past 35 years, and now back to normal track for development due to joint efforts by both governments and peoples."Chinese and Japanese leaders kept frequent contacts and communication in the past year, reaching important consensus on the target of peaceful co-existence, long-lasting friendship, mutual cooperation and common development, which should be cherished by both nations," Tang said."China and Japan are facing bright future and shoulder responsibilities in developing bilateral ties," Tang said.China would like to work with Japan to continuously push forward bilateral relations for long-term and stable growth based on the three political documents and keeping in mind the spirit of "taking history as a mirror and looking to the future", Tang said.Echoing Chinese leaders' remarks, Mori Yoshiro and Tomiichi Murayama said Japan-China relations enjoy great improvement and development in the past year through joint efforts of both sides, and the two countries witness sound cooperation in fields of economy, culture, sports and youth exchanges.They suggested both countries take the opportunity of the 35th anniversary to step up strategic mutual-beneficial ties, keep high-level exchanges, and facilitate cooperation in the key areas such as environmental protection and energy saving.The Japanese guests also called on to promote youth exchanges and cooperation between localities, in a bid to cement mutual understanding and friendship between the two peoples.

BEIJING, March 21 -- A growing number of people are choosing to keep their money in the bank rather than invest it in stocks or property, a central bank survey released yesterday said.     More than 51 percent of the 20,000 households polled said the current level of interest rates was "appropriate", the quarterly survey by the People's Bank of China said. The figure was up from 46 percent in the previous poll held in the fourth quarter of last year, and was the fourth consecutive quarterly increase.     The central bank raised interest rates six times last year in a bid to curb inflation. The rate for a standard one-year savings account is now 4.14 percent, up from 2.52 percent at the start of last year.     While investing on the stock market was a popular option in the earlier part of last year, recent corrections have dampened enthusiasm. The benchmark Shanghai Composite Index has fallen about 40 percent since October, and in recent months, bank deposits have grown significantly.     The survey was carried out last month and involved families in 50 cities. Of those polled, 35 percent said they thought it necessary to save more, up from 30 percent in the previous poll, while almost 28 percent said they planned to invest more in stocks and mutual funds, down from about 36 percent.

China will gradually sell its planned 1.55 trillion yuan (3.6 billion) in special domestic bonds to finance its overseas investment agency, a senior central bank official was quoted on Monday as saying. The country's stock market has been hit by the bond issue plan, approved by China's parliament on Friday, as investors feared such a move would suck funds from the market. "The plan will be carried out gradually according to its monetary policy," Yi Gang, assistant governor of the People's Bank of China, told the Shanghai Securities News. Yi reiterated the Finance Ministry's view that the bond issue would have only a neutral impact on the domestic economy, the newspaper said. The Finance Ministry indicated on its Web site on Friday that it would issue the bonds directly to the central bank in exchange for part of the .2 trillion in foreign currency reserves under the central bank's control. No specific timetable was given for the sale of the bonds, but the increase in this year's debt ceiling suggests they will all be issued this year.

The State Administration of Radio, Film and Television has called a halt to all TV and radio programs on plastic surgery or sex-change operations.The administration issued a notice on Thursday that forbids programs with such "indecent themes and bloody and explicit scenes".As the decision states, it is forbidden to plan, program or broadcast any programs about plastic surgery or sex-change operations.The decision came as growing numbers of local TV stations decide to broadcast such programs, which have attracted complaints from many viewers.For example, Sun Min, a viewer in South China's Guangdong Province, said she found the scenes of plastic surgery in "New Agreement on Beauty", broadcast by a local TV station, to be "horrifying and sickening"."Ongoing programs of this kind should be stopped immediately," said the notice. "Any party that violates the rule will be punished."The administration has already stopped broadcasts of "New Agreement on Beauty".In response, He Yi, an official with the Guangdong TV Station, said that the program's production team understands the administration's decision and would abide by it.The administration's move came a week after it banned "The First Heartthrob", a local talent show broadcast in Southwest China's Chongqing Municipality, due to its vulgar content.The program caters to "low-grade interests", with the judges and songs on the program often featuring bad language.The administration said this seriously damages the image of the television industry and has a negative social influence.The director of the program has already been fired by Chongqing TV station.