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BEIJING, Dec. 29 (Xinhua) -- Chinese authorities broke up more than 1,800 dens that made or sold counterfeit drugs in cases that involved 3.35 billion yuan (530 million U.S. dollars) in a two-year crackdown, according to the State Food and Drug Administration (SFDA).During the campaign, 13 government departments mobilized more than one million law enforcement workers to combat the sale of fake drugs via online advertising or consignment, seizing more than 5,000 kinds of illegal products, said SFDA deputy head Bian Zhenjia Thursday at a meeting.According to Bian, the action also targeted malpractice during the manufacturing process as well as selling non-pharmaceutical products as drugs.In the operation, authorities conducted more than 28,000 on-site inspections in medicine production factories and halted the production of 98 varieties of drugs, Bian said.However, Bian noted that problems still exist, including rampant illegal drug advertising and online sales of fake drugs, improper manufacturing practices and outdated laws and regulations concerning drug safety.Bian said the SFDA will continue to cooperate with other government departments and step up supervision and crackdowns on the online sale of fake drugs.

WASHINGTON, Nov. 24 (Xinhua) -- An inexpensive drug that treats Type 2 diabetes has been shown to prevent a number of natural and man-made chemicals from stimulating the growth of breast cancer cells, according to a newly published study by a Michigan State University researcher. The research, led by pediatrics professor James Trosko and colleagues from South Korea's Seoul National University, provides biological evidence for previously reported epidemiological surveys that long-term use of the drug metformin for Type 2 diabetes reduces the risk of diabetes-associated cancers, such as breast cancers.The research appeared online this week in PLoS One.For the study, Trosko and colleagues focused on the concept that cancers originate from adult human stem cells and that there are many natural and man-made chemicals that enhance the growth of breast cancer cells. Using culture dishes, they grew miniature human breast tumors, or mammospheres, that activated a certain stem cell gene. Then the mammospheres were exposed to natural estrogen -- a known growth factor and potential breast tumor promoter -- and man-made chemicals that are known to promote tumors or disrupt the endocrine system.The team found that estrogen and the chemicals caused the mammospheres to increase in numbers and size. However, with metformin added, the numbers and size of the mammospheres were dramatically reduced. While each of the chemicals enhanced growth by different means, metformin seemed to be able to inhibit their stimulated growth in all cases."While future studies are needed to understand the exact mechanism by which metformin works to reduce the growth of breast cancers, this study reveals the need to determine if the drug might be used as a preventive drug and for individuals who have no indication of any existing cancers," Trosko said.

BEIJING, Dec. 28 (Xinhuanet) -- China started to run its own satellite positioning system, Beidou, on Tuesday as the country climbed the global tech ladder and challenged the monopoly of the West. Beidou, or Big Dipper, the domestic version of the US Global Positioning System (GPS), started providing navigation, positioning and timing data on a pilot basis to China and the neighboring area for free on Tuesday, Ran Chengqi, director of the China Satellite Navigation Office, said. The system, with 10 orbiting satellites, covers an area from Australia in the south to Russia in the north. Signals can reach the Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region in the west and the Pacific Ocean in the east, Ran said. With six more satellites to be launched next year, the system will cover a wider area and eventually the entire globe by 2020 with a constellation of 35 satellites, he said. The accuracy of the positioning service will also improve as more satellites orbit. During the trial run Beidou can offer positioning to within 25 meters but when the system is officially launched next year accuracy will be enhanced to within 10 meters, he said. With the system operational China is the third member of an elite group, along with the US and Russia, to develop a satellite navigation system. The US spent 20 years and more than billion on the GPS. Completed in 1994, the system has 24 navigation satellites and is widely used around the world. Beidou has its own unique features, Ran said. "It not only tells users where they are and what time it is but also allows users to tell others the information through short messages," Ran said, adding that this feature is being considered by other systems. Russia's Glonass system achieved a 24-satellite constellation in 1996 but succumbed to funding problems. The rebuilding of the Glonass system is almost finished and Russian media reported that the system resumed service earlier this month. The European Union and the European Space Agency are building the Galileo satellite navigation system. Japan and India also intend to build independent regional navigation systems. "Countries build their own systems because owning an independent satellite navigation system is important to economic development and national security," said Pang Zhihao, deputy editor-in-chief of the monthly publication Space International. There have long been concerns that the US might take its dominant GPS offline in certain international emergencies. Ran said that the Beidou system will be "helpful" to national defense. An "independent and controllable" satellite navigation system can guarantee national economic development as well as scientific and industrial strength, he said. China started to reduce its reliance on the GPS in 2000, when it sent an experimental pair of positioning satellites into orbit. But Ran stressed that Beidou is "built for the world", as the compatibility of various systems enhances reliability for users. "If you only use GPS there will be blind spots. But from demonstrations I saw recently, receivers that are compatible with Beidou will overcome these problems," he said. He encouraged enterprises at home and abroad to join the research and development of application terminals compatible with Beidou. The office put a test version of the system's Interface Control Document online on Tuesday, which is a technical document vital for the manufacturing and development of receivers and chips. The prospects for the country's satellite navigation industry look bright, experts said. Analysts estimated that around 2020 the industry's output will reach 0 billion globally, including 400 billion yuan ( billion) to 500 billion yuan from China. According to the 2011 Report on Application of Geosaptial Information in China released on Monday, the number of satellite navigation application terminals in China has grown from less than 100,000 in 2000 to more than 10 million in 2009. The number is expected to reach 340 million by 2015. An insider said a compatible receiver for car use costs 1,600 yuan to 3,000 yuan, higher than a GPS receiver. "Chips supporting both GPS and Beidou systems have been developed, and terminals have been produced. There are no technical hurdles for the industry," said Han Shaowei, CEO of Beijing-based Unicore Communications Inc, a major navigation chip and core component provider. Beidou application terminals have been put into use in vehicles, such as government cars in Guangdong province. Ran said that private terminal makers in Guangdong are testing their receivers on the road, and the products seem stable. "The price of the compatible terminals is expected to be slashed next year," he said.

BERLIN, Oct. 30 (Xinhua) -- The Sino-German strategic partnership has been further intensified and expanded in the year 2011, Chinese Ambassador to Germany Wu Hongbo told Xinhua in a recent interview prior to China's top political advisor Jia Qinglin's visit to Germany.The frequent, high-level mutual visits between China and Germany have pushed forward progress of political, economic, cultural and other cooperations steadily, and strengthened the communication and coordination on key international and regional issues, he said.This year has featured frequent mutual visits between the leaders of China and Germany, as Vice Premier Li Keqiang visited Germany at the start of the year, followed by the first round of bilateral minister-level strategic dialogue between German vice-chancellor and foreign minister Guido Westerwelle and Chinese Foreign Minister Yang Jiechi during Westerwelle's visit to China three months later.In June, Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao and his German counterpart Angela Merkel co-chaired the first round of China-Germany inter-governmental consultation. Attended by more than 20 ministers from both sides for 8counterpart conversation on a wide range of topics, the consultation wound up with substantial accomplishments.It was the first time China had ever established such a high-level inter-governmental negotiation mechanism with a European Union (EU) country. In addition, both countries have also carried out active and effective cooperations on global economic governance reform, handling of climate changes, nuclear safety and many other international issues."The two countries have signed some 20 documents on bilateral cooperations and important economic agreements, involving over 15 billion U.S. dollars," Wu said.A wide range of common ground were established, including the establishment of strategic partnership in producing electric-powered automobile, expanding cooperations in tapping new energy, environmental protection, energy saving and energy efficiency-improvement, according to him.Furthermore, China has earmarked some two-billion-euro worth of special loans to sustain the cooperations among the medium- and small-sized firms of the two countries.The two sides have also set up a standardization cooperation committee to work together to probe into and draw up the international standard, and intensify the cooperation in the field of accreditation, in addition to mapping out 5-year agricultural cooperative plan, expanding the innovative cooperative platform in life sciences, founding the professional education cooperation league and model partnership among higher learning institutes, as well as exchanges in hospital management."So far, all these cooperations are making steady headway and are gradually fulfilled," the ambassador said.Referring to the Sino-German economic and trade cooperations, Wu said that the trade volume between the two countries in 2010 reach 142.4 billion dollars, accounting for almost 30 percent of that between China and the whole EU, which is of special significance particularly against the backdrop of a looming recession overshadowing world economic prospect and the escalating eurozone debt crisis.The bilateral trade volumes has totaled up to 127 billion dollars during the first nine months of the year, according to the ambassador, expressing his belief that it is convincing that the Sino-German trades are sure to scale new height, not to mention the reciprocal investment that has gained strong momentum.Wu stressed that China and Germany, both are important economies and large exporters in the world, and claim as the mutual biggest trade partners in respective regions, on account of that, both countries share extensive common and interests and solid foundation to further cooperation, adding that both sides should walk hand in hand to promote the all-around and sustainable development of the economy, not only for both countries but also for the whole world, and turn against whatsoever forms of trade and investment protectionism.He also pointed out that China and Germany have conducted very active interchanges in terms of human and culture, sciences and technologies as well as education, exemplifying that Chinese-German Year of Science and Education program was held successfully last year, as up to 45 universities in Germany held "China Week" simultaneously, which is unprecedented."The project entitled 'Germany and China -- Moving Ahead Together' concluded with success at the Shanghai World Expo and thus tremendously enhanced mutual understanding and friendships between the two peoples," Wu said.China will continue to invite some 200 German middle school students to take part in the summer camp in China this year, while the Year of Chinese Culture will be held in Germany next year to mark the 40th anniversary of the establishment of bilateral diplomatic relations, as all the preparatory works are fully underway, the ambassador said.Wu said that the two sides attached great importance to the visit of Jia Qinglin, chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC)."During the visit, Jia will meet a number of prominent political and business figures in Germany, including German President Christian Wulff, and convey the supports by the Chinese government and people to EU countries' action in dealing with the eurozone debts crisis," Wu said.The visit will inject new vitality to Sino-German relations by increasing common agreements and friendships, while intensifying mutually-beneficial cooperations in various fields, said Wu.