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BEIJING, Nov. 27 (Xinhua) -- The key to success at the upcoming Cancun climate change conference rests with the United States and other developed countries.At last year's conference hosted in Copenhagen, developed countries, represented by the United States, failed to make their due commitment to emission reductions, rather, they pointed fingers at developing countries with claims that were groundless.Further, developed countries hampered the efforts to combat global warming as they shied away from their responsibilities. Without any change in their attitude, chances of a successful Cancun conference will be very slim.Developed countries bear responsibility, both due to historical and practical causes. Developed countries, as the earliest industrialized nations, have contributed most to the historical storage of carbon-dioxide (CO2). Practically speaking, these countries rank high in terms of per capita emission, and their citizens' extravagant consumption gives rise to unnecessary emissions. Further, developed countries also have the technological and financial capacity to tackle the problem and offer assistance to the developing world.Historically speaking, developed countries have "sinned" against the world environment when they built their industrial empires on exploiting coal, oil and other natural resources. While they were enjoying the exclusive right to carbon emissions, most developing countries did not even have modern industry and transportation that would produce greenhouse gas emission.Research done by Beijing-based Tsinghua University suggests that developed countries, home to 23.6 percent of the world population, have contributed 79 percent of the aggregate carbon emissions since the industrial revolution.Practically speaking, the annual energy consumption of developed countries represents 64.6 percent of the world's total, while CO2 emissions are 65 percent of the world's total. In per capita terms, China emitted 4.6 tonnes of fossil-fuel-generated CO2 in 2007, less than one-fourth of that of the United States, and half of that in the European Union, according to the Tsinghua University research.Additionally, the International Energy Agency (IEA) reported that the U.S. ranked top in terms of per capita energy consumption, which is five times that of China. Also, the U.S. remains the world's largest consumer of oil, with a daily demand for crude oil standing at 19 million barrels, doubling that of China.Further, China's high carbon emissions are partly due to its lack of energy resources. China is short of oil and gas but rich in coal, and carbon-intensive coal represents two-thirds in its entire energy mix.

ISLAMABAD, Dec. 18 (Xinhua) -- Chinese Foreign Minister Yang Jiechi and his Russian counterpart Sergei Lavrov on Saturday night called for restraint from all parties concerned to avoid escalation of tension on the Korean Peninsula.During a phone conversation with Lavrov, Yang, who is accompanying Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao on a visit to Pakistan, said the situation on the peninsula has become tense recently and may further deteriorate.China firmly opposes any actions to cause tension and worsen the situation, and demands both sides on the peninsula show calmness and restraint, carry out dialogue and contact, and completely avoid any actions that would fuel the tension, Yang said.China hopes other concerned parties would do more to help ease the situation on the peninsula, he added.Yang said China insists that all parties concerned conduct dialogue and consultation, and seek a peaceful settlement of the dispute.China is willing to keep close communication and coordination with Russia to prevent the situation from deteriorating and getting out of control, and help maintain peace and stability on the peninsula and in Northeast Asia.Lavrov, for his part, said Russia attaches high importance to the developments on the peninsula, adding his country has expressed great concern to relevant countries and demanded utmost calmness and restraint from all parties concerned.Russia is willing to work with China to make active efforts to reduce the tension on the peninsula, he said.South Korea has declared plans for a live shell artillery drill in the tense waters southwest of Yeonpyeong Island on a selected date from Dec. 18-21 depending on weather conditions.The Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK) on Friday urged Seoul to immediately stop its plans for the shelling exercise, warning it would deliver a second and third "unpredicted self-defense counterattack" that would be bigger and more powerful than the previous one.South Korea and the DPRK exchanged artillery fires near the Yeonpyeong Island on Nov. 23, which killed four South Koreans.

BEIJING, Dec. 1 (Xinhua) -- The Purchasing Managers Index (PMI) of China's manufacturing sector rose to 55.2 percent in November, up 0.5 percentage points from October, the China Federation of Logistics and Purchasing said Wednesday.The figure marked the 21th straight month that the index was above the boom-and-bust line of 50 percent.The PMI includes a package of indices to measure performance of the country's manufacturing sector. A reading above 50 percent indicates economic expansion, while that below 50 percent indicates contraction. 

OSLO, Dec. 10 (Xinhua) -- More than 200 overseas Chinese in Norway demonstrated here on Friday to protest against the Nobel Committee's decision to confer this year's Nobel Peace Prize to Liu Xiaobo, a convicted Chinese criminal.The organizers said the overseas Chinese, who joined the demonstration near Oslo city hall despite cold weather, were from 13 Chinese communities.The protestors held banners reading "Liu Xiaobo Is A Criminal!""No Meddling in China's Internal Affairs!" "Peace Prize = Political Tool!" "Opposition to Nobel Peace Prize to Liu Xiaobo" and "Oppose The Wrong Decision By The Norwegian Nobel Committee", chanting slogans such as "China has contributed to world peace!"A Norwegian man also took part in the protest, holding a banner reading "Liu Xiaobo did nothing to peace!"Ma Lie, president of Norway Association for Promoting Peaceful Reunification of China, said the Nobel Committee made a wrong decision to confer the prize to Liu, noting it should not intervene in China's domestic affairs and hoping the committee can really understand the notion of world peace.On Nov. 29, representatives of overseas Chinese in Norway handed an open letter to Geir Lundestad, secretary of the Norwegian Nobel Committee, strongly protesting the awarding of this year's Nobel Peace Prize to Liu.Liu was sentenced to 11 years in prison for engaging in activities aimed at overthrowing the government.

BEIJING, Jan. 13 (Xinhua) -- The Chinese yuan strengthened to a record high against the U.S. dollar on Thursday to reach 6.5997 per dollar.The central parity rate of the Chinese currency, also known as the renminbi (RMB), was set 131 basis points lower than Wednesday's 6.6128, according to the China Foreign Exchange Trading System.China's central bank announced on June 2010 it would further reform the yuan exchange rate formation mechanism to improve its flexibility.On China's foreign exchange spot market, the yuan can rise or fall 0.5 percent from the central parity rate each trading day.The central parity rate of the RMB against the U.S. dollar is based on a weighted average of enquired prices from all market makers before the opening of the market each business day.