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¡¡¡¡The 2016 election was psychologically traumatic for some, according to a new study published in the Journal of American College Health. It found that 1 out of 4 students surveyed experienced clinically significant event-related distress short term.Researchers from San Francisco State University, University of California, San Francisco and Arizona State University assessed a diverse group of nearly 800 undergraduates at Arizona State two to three months after the election.A key battleground, Arizona got a lot of political attention. Ultimately, Trump won Arizona by a narrow margin, earning 48.7% of the vote.The survey students filled out asked questions to determine the emotional effect of the event the election. It asked about the impact the election had on close relationships and assessed clinical symptoms of distress and subclinical impacts, meaning emotions that don't present definitive, more readily observable symptoms.Symptoms included "avoidance," a clinical term used to describe how someone deliberately stays away from whatever is causing them trauma, and "intrusion," a clinical term meaning the inability to keep memories of the source of their trauma from returning. The researchers also looked to see if demographics made a difference.Most of those surveyed, 65%, said the election had no impact on their close relationships. About 24% reported a slight or very negative impact and a little more than 10% reported a positive impact.If the election did have a negative emotional impact, avoidance was more common than intrusion among these students. One-fourth of participants showed clinically significant avoidance and intrusion symptoms in response to the election. Women, Democrats, people who did not identify as Christian and sexual minorities reported significantly more event-related distress, the study found.The students surveyed came from diverse backgrounds and held a mix of political opinions. Of the group, 18.5% reported that they were satisfied with the result of the election, 25% said they were somewhat satisfied, 19.2% said they were somewhat dissatisfied, and 37.2% said they were completely dissatisfied. Thirty-nine percent also reported that they were "considerably or extremely" upset by the election, 28.5% were not at all upset, the rest fell somewhere between.The study had limitations. The survey did not look at conditions long term. It couldn't rule out other stressors. It only looked at this one election and did not evaluate how students reacted in other years.Other studies looking at the 2016 election have found similar results. A study released in June that surveyed nearly 300 students two days before the 2016 election, on election night, and two days after, found that students who were concerned about Trump's ability to govern and those who were a part of the "non-dominant social group," including women and people of color, showed increased signs of stress before and during election night. Biological tests showed some signs of increased stress after the election, although there was a general recovery in mood, according to self-reported results.Lindsay Till Hoyt, who co-authored that study and is not connected with the current work, found this latest research interesting. She was not surprised that students felt increased stress."I think so much of the social media and news about the election really felt personal and aimed at specific groups like Mexican Americans and women," Hoyt, an?assistant professor of psychology at Fordham University,?said.For example, she cites Trump's justification for building a wall between Mexico and the US, saying in a debate "we have some bad hombres here and we're going to get them out." Or when a 2005 "Access Hollywood" tape was released in which Trump talked about how his celebrity status allowed him to behave aggressively with women, saying he could "grab them by the (expletive)" and that he would sometimes "just start kissing them.""Comments like those could hit very close to home, as opposed to arguments about abstract concepts like foreign policy and economic policy, students might not be as well versed in those topics," Hoyt said. "Because there was literal name-calling going on in the election cycle, even with students less politically engaged, that strong language and the harsher crassness of the rhetoric may have had a more broad effect on these students."In another study she and a graduate student are working on, they've noticed that both sides, conservatives and liberals, say they have felt discriminated against during the election, and preliminary results show it has caused them stress that interrupted their sleep."It's not just along ethnic and racial discrimination lines," Hoyt said "Conservatives also feel discrimination is affecting their sleep, it crosses both sides of the political aisle."Another 2018 study looking at how 700 teachers navigated the days after the election with K-12 students, and researchers found stories of such distress. One surveyed teacher remarked "for millions of people, this is real trauma."Beth Sondel,?who co-authored that study of teachers, finds this latest research on college students useful."Many of these young kids that the teachers were talking about in our study weren't privy to the policy being presented in the election, but the rhetoric was so strong it was impacting them," said Sondel, a research assistant professor in the department of instruction and learning at the University of Pittsburgh School of Education.Teachers reported they saw an immediate heightened fear of deportation among students. One teacher reported one of her seventh graders asked her if "Trump can come with a bus and get me?" Another teacher in Nebraska said a high school student who was expecting a baby asked if the teacher would take care of the baby if he was deported. Another teacher reported consoling a second-grade student who told her through tears that she was worried that when she'd get home from school her parents wouldn't be there."In general, I think our results are similar, in that we are finding that even these younger students are internalizing this rhetoric and it is causing stress and trauma," Sondel said. "I think the personal has become really political in this election."The authors hope this latest study will help mental health professionals better counsel college students have. Knowing that an election can cause distress, professionals should ask about it to better target treatment, they said. 6606
¡¡¡¡The attorney for Stormy Daniels accused President Donald Trump's legal team Thursday of "engaging in thuggish behavior."Attorneys defending Trump and his personal lawyer, Michael Cohen, filed a lawsuit last week alleging Daniels violated a nondisclosure agreement "as many as 20 times," and could owe in excess of million as a result."Now we have a sitting US president, Chris, who is threatening to sue a private citizen for over million for talking about their relationship," Michael Avenatti told CNN's Chris Cuomo on "New Day." "It's remarkable. I don't think it's ever occurred in the history of the United States." 636
¡¡¡¡Stocks fell sharply Monday, dragged down by reports of trouble at Apple and Facebook.The Dow closed down 396 points and the Nasdaq tumbled 3%.Facebook stock fell nearly 6% as the company continues to deal with the fallout from a New York Times article that detailed Facebook's reaction to political scrutiny and its Cambridge Analytica scandal. CEO Mark Zuckerberg has reportedly adopted a more aggressive, "war"-like style, according to the Wall Street Journal.Alphabet was also down 4%. It is now down 20% from its peak in July, placing it in bear market territory.Early in the day, stocks fell on news that Apple's newest line of phones may not be selling as well as Apple or its investors had hoped.Apple's stock fell once more after the Wall Street Journal reported that Apple has cut orders for its iPhone XR, iPhone XS and iPhone XS Max.The new iPhones, which Apple unveiled in September, cost more than previous versions. The 9 iPhone XR is the least expensive new iPhone, but it costs more than last year's cheapest model, the iPhone 8.The iPhone XS Max can cost up to ,449. The higher prices -- without many more features -- could be driving customers to keep their current phones longer or buy last year's models.Apple declined to comment about the Journal story or broader concerns about iPhone demand.Shares of Apple fell 5% and have now plunged about 20% from the all-time high it hit a few months ago, when Apple (AAPL) was worth more than trillion.The stock ended a 5-day losing skid on Friday after an analyst at Morgan Stanley suggested that the supplier concerns are overdone.Apple, which is a member of the Dow, was hurting the blue chips too.Several makers of chips and other components used in iPhones have warned of soft sales and profit in recent weeks, citing sluggish demand for higher-end smartphones.To that end, shares of Apple suppliers, such as Qorvo (QRVO), Broadcom (AVGO), Cirrus Logic (CRUS) and even Apple's key Anrdoid phone rival Samsung were all lower Monday too. Samsung also makes chips for iPhones.Investors have other reasons to be concerned about the future of Apple -¡ª as well as other big tech companies for that matter.Apple CEO Tim Cook said on the "Axios on HBO" show Sunday that he expects Washington to crack down on tech firms in the wake of high-profile privacy scandals, such as the Cambridge Analytica problems that have plagued Facebook (FB)."I am not a big fan of regulation," Cook said to Axios on HBO. "I'm a big believer in the free market. But we have to admit when the free market is not working. And it hasn't worked here. I think it's inevitable that there will be some level of regulation."HBO, like CNN, is part of WarnerMedia, which is owned by AT&T (T). 2745
¡¡¡¡Swiss authorities are investigating a series of bizarre deposits.Investigators in Geneva are trying to understand why two Spanish women flushed roughly €100,000 (0,000) down toilets at a UBS bank branch and three nearby restaurants.Vincent Derouand of the Geneva Prosecutors' Office said the first incident involving cut-up €500 bills occurred in May.Security camera footage led investigators to the two Spanish women. Derouand said that a lawyer for the women confirmed the cash belonged to them."It may be illegal [cash] and they tried to get rid of it," Derouand said. "We have to check where the money is coming from."Derouand declined to identify the women."This is a strange story," he said. "It does not happen often."UBS declined to comment on the cash found at the Geneva branch, citing the ongoing investigation.The European Central Bank plans to kill off the €500 note next year because of concerns that it "could facilitate illicit activities."Europe's top law enforcement agency says the note (worth about 0) is often used by money launderers because of its unusually large denomination and portability. Plus, using cash helps criminals keep transactions and savings anonymous.In a 2015 report, Europol said cash was still the "instrument of choice" for terrorists and €500 bills were in high demand.Switzerland was long known for banking privacy laws that made it possible for banks to refuse to hand over their customers' data to authorities.But in recent years the country has agreed to start sharing financial information with outsiders, including the European Union and the U.S. 1610
¡¡¡¡TAMPA, Fla. ¡ª Police say that street racing led to the death of a mother struck by a vehicle while pushing her child in a stroller in Tampa, Florida. Three people have been arrested.According to Tampa Police, two cars were street racing down Bayshore Boulevard on Wednesday afternoon when one of the vehicles struck the mother and child near W. Knights Avenue in Tampa.Tampa police say the mother, 24-year-old Jessica Reisinger, and the 2-year-old child were sent to the hospital with serious injuries. Reisinger died at the hospital and the 2-year-old is currently in serious condition. 616