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BEIJING, Aug. 13 (Xinhua) -- Chinese rating agency Dagong Global Credit Rating Co. on Saturday defended its AAA rating given to the Ministry of Railways, which has been under public fire over a train collision last month.The ministry received the long-term credit rating after launching on Monday its first bond sales since the crash on July 23 that killed 40 people near the Wenzhou city of eastern Zhejiang province.It sold 20 billion yuan worth of three-month bills on offer in the interbank market, with a yield of 5.55 percent, a relatively high rate for short-term government paper.The rating was assigned because of the ministry's status as a government agency backed by the central government revenue, its sufficient capital flows and strong financing ability, Dagong said in an email to Xinhua.The agency made the elaboration in response to market doubts as the ministry is already heavily indebted and the accident has stirred up skepticism about the its credibility and the safety of fast-expanding railways.Adding to doubts is that the AAA rating of the ministry is even a notch above China's local currency debt rating of AA+, which was also rated by Dagong.Government data showed the ministry's debts exceeded 2 trillion yuan (313 billion U.S. dollars) as of the end of June, raising its debt ratio to 58.53 percent, slightly up from the end of the first quarter of this year.Dagong said in the statement that the debt-to-asset ratio is medium level, lower than the alert line for the ministry which is 75 percent.The ministry has large-scale assets of good quality and relatively large room for fund-raising, Dagong said.The ministry has "extremely strong" repayment ability as it is backed by the state's credit, Dagong said, referring it as one of the three authorities that are allowed to issue bonds, along with the Ministry of Finance and the People's Bank of China.In July, the ministry issued 20 billion yuan of one-year commercial papers with a coupon rate of 5.18 percent, but only 18.73 billion yuan of the total was bought.Analysts said it has become more difficult for the ministry to borrow money because of tightened market liquidity and concerns over the ministry's debt burden.China's top four banks said at the end of last month that they will continue to offer loans to the ministry based on market conditions and risk appraisal. Credit from the four largest state-owned banks including the Industrial and Commercial Bank of China and the Construction Bank of China has been the major source funding the construction of China's fast-growing railways in recent years.

UNITED NATIONS, June 9 (Xinhua) -- Partners from UN agencies and governments, as well as civil society and the private sector gathered here Thursday to launch "Countdown to Zero: Global plan towards the elimination of new HIV infections among children by 2015 and keeping their mothers alive.""Governments and foundations that support this plan are saying: we treasure all life equally," said UN Secretary-General Ban Ki- moon, who spoke at the event. "We give all people the best possible chance. We provide health care to all who need it."This new plan, which was formulated by a Global Task Team of more than 30 governments and 50 international and national organizations, aims to bring the number of new HIV infections in children to zero by the middle of the decade and help their mothers survive.The launch of Countdown to Zero came on the sidelines of the UN High-Level Meeting on AIDS, which runs from June 8-10, and has been an opportunity for participants to take stock of gains made in combating the disease and to agree on a declaration that will direct the actions of member states to prevent and treat HIV/AIDS over the next five years.Ban told the audience at the launch that history has proven that it is possible to make great strides in fighting HIV/AIDS, with the right amount of effort and coordination."Let us not forget that some regions have nearly achieved no new infections from mother to child," he said. "If we push hard, as we have committed today, with your continued help and with the will to do what is right for the world, we can spread this success to mothers everywhere."According to the Joint UN Program on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS), the rate of HIV/AIDS transmission from mother to child was been reduced by 26 percent from 2001 to 2009.Former U.S. President Bill Clinton, who spoke at the launch, said that he believes the time to eliminate HIV/AIDS in children is at hand."We are here because we all recognize that the time has finally come to end pediatric AIDS worldwide and we believe we can do it," he said. "We know we have the capacity to produce the medicine, we know that."Clinton emphasized the fact that HIV/AIDS is often prevalent in less developed countries. Sub-Saharan Africa remains the region that has the most HIV/AIDS infected people."There are still too many kids who are born HIV-positive," he said. "Just 22 countries account for 90 percent of those pediatric infections."He said that there are not only moral reasons for wealthier countries to help these nations by investing in their HIV/AIDS responses, but that by doing so they increase their soft power -- influence that utilizes non-coercive measures."I think its important in a world where no one wants to look weak and the military justifiably has a claim on all of our budgets, we not forget that what my secretary-of-state often refers to as soft power issues, they have a bigger impact on our long term security," Clinton said. "I think that accounts in no small measure for the presence of leaders of global corporations here at this meeting today, they know this as well."Collaboration and close coordination of responses to HIV/AIDS, Clinton said, is also essential."There are still too many places where HIV and maternal and child health groups work completely separately," he said. "That dramatically reduces the likelihood that mothers are their babies will receive the full range of care. We simply have to all work together, both within governments and all of those who are trying to help to ensure that mothers get the drugs they should and that their babies are born without the virus."Clinton said that Goodluck Jonathan, president of Nigeria, who gave a statement at the launch as well, is an excellent example of the "strong political leadership and personal commitment" necessary to defeat HIV/AIDS and reach to goals set by the Countdown to Zero plan.In his speech, Jonathan said that Africa is has banded together through the Abuja Declaration, adopted in 2001, which turned attention and resources towards public health problems on the continent, particularly HIV/AIDS."That declaration was to make African countries spend at least 15 percent of their budget on their health sector and a reasonable percentage of this would be geared towards HIV prevention and control," he said.Budgeting shortfalls for fighting HIV/AIDS in Africa must be accounted for, Jonathan said, as African countries must not rely solely on donors to fund their responses."I intend to explore in the coming months in collaboration with colleagues in sub-Saharan Africa an effective and creative funding mechanism to ensure ownership and long terms sustainability of the HIV and AIDS response in Africa," he said.

GENEVA, Aug. 10 (Xinhua) -- In a bid to prevent millions of deaths and suffering every year from malnutrition, the Geneva-based World Health Organization (WHO) launched an online initiative on Wednesday.The e-Library of Evidence for Nutrition Actions (eLENA), according to WHO, offers the latest advice on tackling the three main forms of malnutrition, including undernutrition, vitamin and mineral deficiencies, as well as overweight and obesity.The recommendations by eLENA to tackle malnutrition include promoting breastfeeding and fortifying staple foods with vitamins and minerals such as iron and folic acid for wheat and maize flours.It also recommends using multiple micronutrient powders to fortify foods for children aged between six and 23 months.To prevent anaemia, daily iron and folic supplements are advised for pregnant women, and intermittent iron and folic acid supplementation is recommended for menstruating women and preschool and school-age.While overweight and obesity affect around 1.5 billion adults over age 20, and more than 40 million children aged under five across the world, underweight is the leading risk factor for many diseases in low-income countries and represents about six percent of the world medical burden, WHO statistics showed.

WARSAW, June 2 (Xinhua) -- A possible second E. coli infection patient has been hospitalized in Szczecin, northwestern Poland, Health Minister Ewa Kopacz said Thursday.The man, who recently returned to Poland from Germany, has been diagnosed with exudative diarrhea and is currently being tested for E. coli bacteria.Poland's first E. coli case, a 29-year-old woman permanently residing in Germany and diagnosed with the bacteria over a week ago, is currently in the same hospital.Kopacz said sanitary teams were running E. coli checks countrywide, especially on marketplaces and in warehouses.The E. coli epidemic originated in Germany, where it has taken 17 lives. One death has so far occurred in Sweden, bringing the total death toll to 18.

BEIJING, Aug. 25 (Xinhua) -- China pledged on Thursday to make more efforts to aid people living in the drought-stricken Horn of Africa in collaboration with the International Committee for the Red Cross (ICRC)."We noticed that the ICRC launched an appeal regarding the situation in the Horn of Africa. The Red Cross Society of China (RCSC) has decided to donate 4 million yuan (about 623,000 U.S. dollars) to the ICRC for its humanitarian aid in the region," said Hua Jianmin, president of the RCSC, while meeting with visiting ICRC President Jakob Kellenberger in Beijing on Thursday.Earlier this month, the RCSC donated 8 million yuan (1.25 million dollars) to famine-plagued countries in the Horn of Africa to be used for emergency humanitarian aid.A donation of 2 million yuan was sent to Kenya through the country's Red Cross organization, while another 2 million went to Ethiopia. The other 4 million yuan was donated to other countries in the region.The Chinese government has decided to provide a total of 90 million yuan (14 million dollars) in emergency food assistance to countries in the Horn of Africa."The Red Cross Society of China is willing to work together with the International Committee for the Red Cross to meet the needs of those who have been affected (by the droughts)," Hua said.Some 12.4 million people in Kenya, Ethiopia, Somalia and other countries in the region are in dire need of food due to a serious drought, the worst to hit the region since the 1980s.