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SAN DIEGO (KGTV) — In lieu of going door-to-door throughout the neighborhood, some parents will instead take their kids to a one-stop shop for candy and safety.On Halloween, multiple places will be running family-friendly, safety-oriented events to give parents the ability to take the kids trick-or-treating with peace of mind.So on Halloween night, consider these events for some spooky — and safe — fun!Alpine Harvest Festival — Alpine Christian Fellowship 487

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) — Independent reviews by the FDA show the COVID-19 vaccines by Pfizer and Moderna have similar levels of safety and efficacy, although there are early indications of potential differences.Both vaccines rely on the same basic approach: jumpstarting the immune system with messenger RNA. The FDA confirmed their overall efficacy is essentially identical; 95 percent for Pfizer and 94.1 percent for Moderna.However, signals in the data suggest Moderna’s vaccine may better protect against severe cases of COVID-19, while Pfizer’s vaccine may work better in adults over 65. But experts warned those differences may just be statistical illusions.In Moderna’s study of 30,000 volunteers, 30 people got severe cases of COVID-19. All 30 of those cases were in the placebo group, suggesting the vaccine offers powerful protection against the most serious symptoms.In Pfizer’s trial of 44,000 volunteers, one vaccinated person got a severe case compared to 10 people in the placebo group.“We still need more data,” said Dr. Abisola Olulade of Sharp Rees-Stealy. “It's not a reason to recommend one versus the other.”In adults over 65, the efficacy of Moderna’s vaccine dipped slightly to 86.4 percent. Pfizer’s vaccine was 92.9 percent effective in people aged 65 to 74 and 100 percent effective in individuals 75 and up.“When I think people in the community look at that number, they might say, ‘Oh, that Moderna vaccine probably isn't as good for the older population compared to the Pfizer vaccine.’ But as a clinician looking at numbers, they're both amazing,” said UC San Francisco infectious disease expert Dr. Peter Chin-Hong.FDA scientists found both vaccines are safe but short-term side effects are common, especially with Moderna’s drug. Both vaccines are administered in two doses. The table below lists the percentage of vaccinated volunteers who reported a side effect after either dose, although side effects were most common after the second injection.Side effect Moderna PfizerFatigue 68.5% 62.9%Headache 63.0% 55.1%Muscle pain59.6%38.3%Joint pain44.8%23.6%Chills43.4%31.9%Fever14.8%14.2%Typically the symptoms went away in one day.“Just because a vaccine has side effects doesn’t mean it’s not safe,” said Dr. Olulade. “We know that side effects happen actually because your immune system is working and waking up. It's actually a positive thing.”The slight difference in side effects could be because of differences in the way researchers polled volunteers, or it could be something with the architecture of the vaccines, experts said.The companies use different tiny bubbles of fat to enclose the messenger RNA. Moderna’s bubble is a little stronger and more stable so it doesn’t need to be stored at sub-arctic temperatures.“It could be that [Moderna’s] elicits a little more inflammation than the other,” Dr. Chin-Hong said.Having slightly more side effects could be a sign that Moderna’s vaccine prompts a stronger immune response that might lead to longer-lasting immunity, but the durability of either vaccine remains one of the most pressing unanswered questions.The biggest difference may be where the vaccines are deployed. Since Pfizer's vaccine needs to be stored at such cold temperatures, experts said Moderna's vaccine may be prioritized for rural hospitals and community health centers that lack ultra-cold storage units. 3370

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) — In a normal school year, thousands of San Diego families rely on after-school programs to help with child care and tutoring.But with schools going virtual this fall amid the pandemic, groups like the YMCA and the Boys & Girls Clubs plan to expand after-school programs into full-day operations to alleviate the burden on working families.“It’s a whole new world for us. And it’s a whole new world for families,” said Greg Erickson of the YMCA of San Diego County. “There has never been a greater demand for these types of programs than right now and so the Y has to be ready, and we will.”Beginning in August, the Y will ramp up staffing to offer full-day and half-day enrichment options for kids from kindergarten through middle school.The goal is to have kids in supervised activities from about 8 am to 4:30 pm, with half the day set aside for games and social enrichment and the other half supporting distance learning.“You can imagine a staff member with 10 kids in a classroom, each on a different Zoom call,” Erickson said. Staff members will not be credentialed teachers, he added, but the Y is interested in recruiting substitute teachers or college students studying education.The location of these childcare programs will vary across the county: some will be offered at YMCA facilities, some will be at school sites, and others will be at third-party facilities like community centers and churches.With demand for childcare expected to be high as long as school campuses are closed, the YMCA is actively scouting locations that can host enrichment programs for an indeterminate amount of time, Erickson said. The YMCA already serves about 15,000 kids in its after-school programs, said Association Director of Public Relations and Communications Courtney Pendleton.The YMCA expects to announce more specifics about the program this week, Erickson said. The cost to families is still being determined and will hinge on whether the YMCA is permitted to use state grants to offset expenses, he said.The Boys & Clubs of Greater San Diego said it planned to open select locations for all-day enrichment programs, “helping members with their distance learning activities in the morning and then transitioning to the traditional club programs in the afternoon,” said spokeswoman Ashley Schumacher.“Once local schools are able to resume in-person operations, we’ll revert back to an after school program,” she said, adding that more information about the clubs that will reopen would be available in early August. 2551

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) — Infectious disease experts say it may take months before the first doses of a COVID-19 vaccine reach an important population: kids.Some doctors worry it may already be too late to get a vaccine authorized for younger kids before the start of the next school year because of the time it takes to recruit children and conduct a new round of clinical trials.“Our children under 12 years of age are almost certainly going into next school year without a vaccine option available for them,” said Dr. Evan Anderson, a pediatrician at Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta and associate professor at Emory University.Dr. Anderson said such a delay could further impact school reopenings and have resulting consequences on children’s mental health, among other concerns. He said the window is rapidly closing to get a vaccine authorized in time for children older than 12 unless more trials begin immediately.In October, Pfizer tested its vaccine candidate for the first time in 100 kids aged 12 to 15. Moderna is expected to begin testing in that age group in January, according to Dr. Anthony Fauci, the director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. However, neither company has announced plans to begin testing their candidates in children under 12.That’s concerning to the American Academy of Pediatrics, which has been calling on vaccine-makers to include children in clinical trials since September. The AAP argues immunization is critical to stemming the pandemic.“We know that children can be infected with COVID-19 and can transmit it to others. To reduce the spread of this virus and control the pandemic as well as for their own safety, it’s crucial that children be included in the national vaccination program, and that vaccines are made available to children as soon as possible,” said Dr. Yvonne Maldonado, chair of the AAP Committee on Infectious Diseases, in another push last month.Although COVID-19 takes a more severe toll on older adults, children make up about 12 percent of the infections in the U.S. and recent studies have shown kids over 10 years old can transmit disease as efficiently as adults, the AAP noted.More than 1.3 million kids had been infected with COVID-19 as of Nov. 26.Experts say it’s important that drug companies test COVID-19 vaccines in children separately from adults.“Kids' immune systems are really different than adults. As any pediatrician will tell you, kids are not just small adults, their immune systems behave really differently,” said Dr. Christian Ramers of Family Health Centers of San Diego.Dr. Ramers said testing is needed to find the right vaccine dose for kids and see if there are any unexpected side effects.But there are challenging logistics in any pediatric trial. Since children’s immune systems change as they grow, vaccine-makers have to separate their trials into several age groups. That means more child volunteers are needed.“I mean it's more challenging, as an investigator myself for research, to enroll a kid into a study because you have to get permission [from parents],” said UC San Francisco infectious disease expert Dr. Peter Chin-Hong.Because parents have to sign off, experts say it can take much longer to enroll enough kids for a study.In a statement to ABC 10News, Pfizer said it is “working actively with regulators on a potential pediatric study plan.”“As we do with all vaccines which are initially studied in adult populations, we are following a careful, stepwise approach as we move down to younger age groups,” said Jerica Pitts, Pfizer’s director of global media relations.“Global regulatory agencies require evaluation of the candidate vaccine in pediatric populations. Moving below 12 years of age will require a new study and potentially a modified formulation or dosing schedule,” she added.Could a vaccine become mandatory at schools?Once a vaccine is approved for kids, a lot of parents are wondering if and when it might become mandatory at California schools.The California Department of Public Health told ABC 10News several things would need to be in place before it would consider making a vaccine mandatory at either schools or child care facilities.The vaccine would need to reviewed and approved by the FDA and recommended for use in children by the federal Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices. The state would also look for a recommendation by the American Academy of Pediatrics, and there would need to be "sufficient vaccine supply to enable access for all children."READ MORE: Will California make the COVID vaccine mandatory at schools? 4602

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) - Mariah Sunshine Coogan's family says she lived up to her middle name. "She would walk into a room, and she would just light it up," her mother, Stacey Coogan, told 10News. The 23-year-old died Monday night when a plane carrying her and six others crashed in Scottsdale, Arizona. The Piper PA24 plane crashed at around 8:45 p.m. local time, shortly after it took off from the Scottsdale Airport.RELATED:  445