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BRUSSELS, April 22 (Xinhua) -- The number of civilian deaths in Afghanistan went down by 39 percent in the first three months of 2009 compared to the same period a year before, NATO said on Wednesday. NATO spokesman James Appathurai said 81 percent of the civilian deaths were caused by the Talilban-led insurgents and 19 percent by international troops in the first three months of 2009. He did not give the overall number of civilian deaths in this period. A total of 1,240 civilians were killed in 2008 in Afghanistan and the Taliban and other militant groups were responsible for 80 percent of them, according to NATO counts. But the UN mission in Afghanistan said more than 2,100 civilians were killed last year. "It is important to note that despite the increase in (the numbers of) international forces, efforts to reduce the numbers of civilian casualties are having an effect," said Appathurai. He said NATO and the Afghan security forces will establish about three dozen joint coordination centers throughout the country by mid-summer to coordinate military support and security support for the presidential and provincial elections in August. Four battalions of extra troops will be deployed by mid-summer to help secure the elections. The extra troops will stay long enough in case a presidential run-off is needed in early October, he said.
WASHINGTON, April 22 (Xinhua) -- The International Monetary Fund on Wednesday warned that the global economy was in "a severe recession" and the world output is projected to decline 1.3 percent this year, the deepest global recession since the Great Depression in 1930s. "The global economy is in a severe recession inflicted by a massive financial crisis and acute loss of confidence," said the IMF in its latest World Economic Outlook report. "All corners of the globe are being affected." EPICENTER OF CRISIS According to the report, the world economy is projected to decline by 1.3 percent in 2009 as a whole and to recover only gradually in 2010, growing by 1.9 percent. "Achieving this turnaround will depend on stepping up efforts to heal the financial sector, while continuing to support demand with monetary and fiscal easing," said the IMF. The advanced economies experienced an unprecedented 7.5 percent decline in real GDP during the fourth quarter of 2008, and output is estimated to have continued to fall almost as fast during the first quarter of 2009, according to the report. Although the U.S. economy may have suffered most from intensified financial strains and the continued fall in the housing sector, western Europe and advanced Asia have been hit hard by the collapse in global trade, as well as by rising financial problems of their own and housing corrections in some national markets. Emerging economies are suffering badly and contracted 4 percent in the fourth quarter in the aggregate. The United States, at the center of an intensifying global financial storm, will contract by 2.8 percent this year, said the IMF, adding that "the biggest financial crisis since the Great Depression has pushed the United States into a severe recession." Meanwhile, the euro zone economy will shrink by 4.2 percent this year and fall a further 0.4 percent in 2010, the IMF said, criticizing the bloc for weak public policy responses and coordination. In Japan, the IMF expects 2009 output to fall 6.2 percent, far worse than its January forecast for a 2.6 percent decline. China is expected to slow to about 6.5 percent this year, half the 13 percent growth rate recorded pre-crisis in 2007 but still a strong performance given the global context, according to the IMF. UNCERTAIN OUTLOOK The IMF warned the financial crisis remains acute. "The financial market stabilization will take longer than previously envisaged, even with strong efforts by policymakers," it said. Thus, financial strains in the mature markets are projected to remain heavy until well into 2010, and overall credit to the private sector in the advanced economies is expected to decline in both 2009 and 2010. Meanwhile, emerging and developing economies are expected to face greatly curtailed access to external financing in both years. In a semi-annual report Global Financial Stability Report (GFSR), which was released on Monday, the IMF said write-down on U.S.-originated assets to be suffered by all holders will be 2.7 trillion dollars, "largely as a result of the worsening base-case scenario for economic growth." Total expected write-downs on global exposures are estimated at about 4 trillion dollars, of which two-thirds will fall on banks and the remainder on insurance companies, pension funds, hedge funds, and other intermediaries. In the latest World Economic Outlook report, the IMF warned that the current outlook is exceptionally uncertain, with risks weighed to the downside. The crisis has hurt international trade, with volume expected to plunge 11 percent this year before eking out 0.6 percent growth in 2010. Consumer prices in developed countries were under pressure and would fall 0.2 percent in 2009. "Even once the crisis is over, there will be a difficult transition period, with output growth appreciably below rates seen in the recent past," said the IMF. BOLD POLICY The IMF called for its members to take new bold policy stimulus to jump-start their economies. "This difficult and uncertain outlook argues for forceful action on both the financial and macroeconomic policy fronts," said the IMF. Past episodes of financial crisis have shown that delays in tackling the underlying problem mean an even more protracted economic downturn and even greater costs, both in terms of taxpayer money and economic activity. "Policymakers must be mindful of the cross-border ramifications of policy choices," said the IMF. "Initiatives that support trade and financial partners will help support global demand, with shared benefits." In advanced economies, scope for easing monetary policy further should be used aggressively to counter deflation risks. Although policy rates are already near the zero floor in many countries, whatever policy room remains should be used quickly, according to the IMF. Emerging economies also need to ease monetary conditions to respond to the deteriorating outlook. However, in many of those economies, the task of central banks is further complicated by the need to sustain external stability in the face of highly fragile financing flows, the IMF warned. The 185-member organization also warned against the rising protectionism. "Greater international cooperation is needed to avoid exacerbating cross-border strains," said the IMF. "Coordination and collaboration is particularly important with respect to financial policies to avoid adverse international spillovers from national actions." "A slide toward trade and financial protectionism would be hugely damaging to all, a clear warning from the experience of 1930s beggar-thy-neighbor policies," it warned.

BEIJING, July 6 (Xinhua) -- Torrential rains and floods in southern and central China have left at least 21 people dead and two missing. More than 700,000 people have been relocated as downpours have destroyed houses, flooded crops, cut power, damaged roads and caused rivers to overflow, according to the latest figures from the provinces of Hunan, Fujian, Jiangxi and Guangdong as well as the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. In Guangxi, a child was killed and another five were injured Sunday in a landslide when they were playing in the house in Hengxian County, Nanning City, officials said Monday. In Guangxi's Rongshui county, 62 schools were flooded, and about 300 students were trapped in a boarding school. Most of the students had been taken home by their parents as of Monday morning, while the school was preparing to send home the remaining 17, whose parents were mostly migrant workers. In Guangxi 328,400 people were relocated because of the rainstorms, said the regional civil affairs department. As of Monday night, more than 11,000 homes in Guangxi had been toppled and 158,780 hectares of crops were damaged. Direct economic losses from the rains stood at 1.7 billion yuan (250 million U.S. dollars), according to the department. In the tourist city of Guilin, traffic on 38 highways had been cut off as the highways were damaged by rain. In central China's Hunan Province, eight people died and 140,000 were forced out of their homes, according to the provincial flood control office. In Fujian Province, five people died and two are missing. In Jiangxi Province, three people who were previously reported as missing have been confirmed dead, bringing the province's death toll to five. About 230,000 people had to flee their homes. The flood control headquarters in Jiangxi said Sunday night that crops on 200,000 hectares of farmland have been damaged and thousands of homes toppled. Direct economic losses were estimated at 3.13 billion yuan (458.9 million U.S. dollars). In Guangdong Province, two construction workers were killed by a collapsed wall. In Guizhou, 82 roads were broken by landslides triggered by rainstorms since the end of June, most of which reopened as of Monday. However, a provincial highway was still broken, officials said. The government was repairing the road, but it was difficult because of the large number of landslides, said Guo Zhihuai, a Guizhou road bureau official. China is among the countries most plagued by natural disasters, with 70 percent of its cities and 50 percent of its 1.3 billion people living in areas vulnerable to one or more kinds of natural disasters. China has suffered major natural calamities, including torrential floods in the Yangtze River valley in 1998, severe droughts in Sichuan Province and Chongqing Municipality in 2006, winter storms in southern China early last year, and the massive May 12 earthquake last year. The United Nations said natural disasters caused nearly 110 billion U.S. dollars of damage in China last year.
UNITED NATIONS, May 11 (Xinhua) -- China voiced its support for the resumption of the Middle East peace process on Monday, calling upon all the parties concerned to create an environment conducive to the Middle East peace talks. The statement came as Zhang Yesui, the Chinese permanent representative to the United Nations, was speaking at an open Security Council meeting on behalf of Chinese Foreign Minister Yang Jiechi. "At present, the situation in the Middle East is at a very critical stage," Zhang said. "We hope that parties concerned will stay firm to their conviction of resolving the issue through political negotiations, refrain from moves that may ruin mutual trust and reconciliation so as to create the condition for resumptions of negotiation," Zhang said. Zhang Yesui, Chinese permanent representative to the United Nations, speaks on behalf of Chinese Foreign Minister Yang Jiechi during an open Security Council meeting on the Middle East issue at UN headquarters in New York, the U.S., May 11, 2009"Political negotiation is the only way to lasting peace in the Middle East. The use of force will not bring about peace. On the contrary, the cycle of violence will only exacerbate hatred," he said. He said the Security Council Resolution 1860 is the result of arduous efforts by all the parties concerned, and brought about the Israeli-Palestinian cease-fire and created conditions for resumption of Middle East peace process. The resolution, adopted by the Security Council in January, called for mutually respected and last cease-fire in the Middle East following Israel's 22-day military offensive in the Gaza Strip. It is hoped that the Resolution 1860 could be implemented comprehensively and effectively, said the ambassador. "At the center of the Middle East problem is the Palestine issue," Zhang said. "The ultimate way out for the Palestinian issue is the realization of two states, Israel and Palestine, living side-by-side in peace." Therefore, the Chinese ambassador called on parties concerned to continue to act in the spirit enshrined in relevant UN resolutions and adhere to the principle of "the Land for Peace" and "the two-state solution," saying that they should push for the earlier achievement of reconciliation between Israel and Palestine, the establishment of an independent state of Palestine and the peaceful coexistence between Arabs and Jews. The realization of a comprehensive, just and lasting peace in the Middle East depends on the settlement of all relevant issues in the region, he said. Describing both the Syria-Israel talks and the Lebanon-Israel negotiations as "important components of the Middle-East peace process," Zhang called for a holistic approach to promote such talks. Meanwhile, he said other hot-spot issues in the region should also be "properly addressed so as to create a favorable environment for the peace process." On the other hand, "the Middle East peace process cannot be achieved without the help and support of the international community," Zhang said, calling on the international community to continue to support the development of Palestine and immediately implement its commitment to the reconstruction in Gaza. "Parties concerned should uphold just and strengthen the mediation efforts and at the same time consider the establishment of a broadly-represented, balanced and effective multilateral mechanism which will provide oversight and support for the peace process in the Middle East," Zhang said. Zhang said China supports the efforts of the Quartet, a diplomatic group of the United Nations, the European Union, Russia and the United States in search of the Middle East peace, and Russia's proposal to hold an international conference on Middle East in Moscow. The open council meeting, chaired by Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov whose country holds the rotating presidency of the 15-nation council this month, came at a time when the new Israeli government was headed by hawkish Prime Minister Benjam Netanyahu. Netanyhu has so far refused to publicly endorse the creation of an independent Palestine state, the key element of an international plan to bring about a comprehensive, just and lasting peace in the Middle East. Also present at the open debate are UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon, British Foreign Minister David Miliband, French Foreign Minister Bernard Kouchner, Turkish Foreign Minister Ahmet Davutoglu and UN ambassadors from other Council members. Israel, Palestine and Arab states were not invited to address the meeting.
BEIJING, May 18 (Xinhua) -- Chinese top leaders met Monday individual delegates from across the country who were awarded honors in Beijing for their dedication to public order. President Hu Jintao, Premier Wen Jiabao, Vice President Xi Jinping, and Zhou Yongkang, chief of the Central Political and Legislative Affairs Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC), attended the meeting held at the Great Hall of the People. The leaders are all members of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee. Zhou said at an awarding ceremony after the meeting that local governments had put great endeavor to maintaining stable social order and public security. He urged Party organs at all levels to take the initiative of blending comprehensive control of social public security with overall economic and social development. The senior official asked local governments to improve their capability of handling public security emergencies and actively prevent potential social conflicts. The Chinese government has carried out a strategy to maintain social order and public security by involving volunteers and Party members in enterprises, offices, universities and even the retirees to help the police authorities with information and supervision on minor conflicts and suspected crimes. At the awarding ceremony which was also viewed nationally by a tele-conference system, outstanding individuals and organizations were given honors for their endeavor and dedication to the country's smooth social order. Zhou encouraged the honored individuals and institutions to have more innovative ideas and methods to promote the overall control of social order. Chinese President Hu Jintao (R, front) meets Monday individual delegates from across the country who were awarded honors in Beijing for their dedication to public order. He stressed that local governments should enhance and expand the grassroots network of the social order's maintaining units and take the advantage of the public's power and wisdom. The local authorities should also pay more attention to educational work and prevention measures in addition to fighting and punishing criminals. By continuing preventative efforts to maintain public security, the governments should improve their abilities of social management and public service, Zhou added.
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