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The FBI, in a change of policy, is committing to inform state officials if local election systems have been breached, federal officials said Thursday.In the past, the FBI would alert local governments about attacks on their electoral systems without automatically sharing that information with the state. That meant state officials, left in the dark, might be in a position of certifying the accuracy of election results without realizing there had been problems in individual counties. Alerting local governments about breaches, but not the states, was in keeping with FBI policy of protecting the privacy and identities of the actual hacking victim.Now, though, the FBI will notify both counties victimized by breaches as well as the state’s chief election official — in most cases, the secretary of state. Under the new policy, that notification is to be done in person. The state will be notified either simultaneously or around the same time, officials said Thursday.The change is intended to bolster federal-state cooperation, which has often been difficult on electoral issues, and is one of several government efforts to rethink how information about cyber threats is shared and with whom. It may also ease concerns of local officials who in the past have complained about the lack of information they’ve received from the federal government, though cooperation has improved ahead of the 2020 election with concerns that Russia or another nation could try to tamper with the vote. The policy change was shared with state officials on Thursday and made public later in the day. Senior officials from the FBI and Justice Department described the outlines of it to The Associated Press ahead of the formal release on condition of anonymity.State elections officials praised the change, saying the notifications are essential to securing elections in their states. The secretaries of state in Ohio, Colorado and West Virginia issued a joint statement calling it a “good step forward in protecting” elections.California Secretary of State Alex Padilla told The Associated Press that state election officials play an important role in supporting local election officials. “It’s imperative that we work together not just in the proper administration of elections but in the proper security of elections,” Padilla said. “It’s us at the state level that can connect dots if things are happening in multiple jurisdictions in our state.”Federal officials say their goal is to sound the alarm louder and at higher levels of government than in past years, ensuring that information about efforts to interfere in the election reaches the state officials who need it the most and who have the best resources to deal with it. That is especially important since federal officials believe Russian agents in 2016 searched for vulnerabilities within election systems in all 50 states.Though the policy change means that a broader audience of government officials will learn of any intrusion, it does not guarantee that the American public will as well. FBI officials say they will continue to protect the privacy of individual hacking victims, including governmental offices or local elections systems, by not sharing their identities with the public. It will remain up to electoral officials to disclose if they’ve been hacked, or if they are working with the FBI. That stance has been a source of contention between federal law enforcement and state and local officials. The public still does not know, for instance, which two Florida counties were breached by Russian agents in 2016 and members of the congressional delegation said they were barred by federal officials from sharing that information following a briefing they attended.Florida Gov. Ron DeSantis said last May that he was frustrated when he saw a reference to the Florida hacking in special counsel Robert Mueller’s report on Russan interference in the 2016 election. DeSantis said he signed an agreement with the FBI not to disclose the names of the two counties where hackers gained access to the voting database and that his predecessor as governor did not have access to the information.Rep. Stephanie Murphy, a Florida Democrat, has co-sponsored bipartisan legislation that would compel reporting among federal, state and local officials and to voters potentially affected by a breach. On Thursday, she called the FBI’s announcement welcome but not enough and said she would continue to push for federal officials to release more information when foreign powers interfere with the election.“Our citizens will then be in a position to check their voter registration data to confirm it wasn’t tampered with and to hold accountable state and local officials who fail to protect election infrastructure,” Murphy said in a statement. Another sponsor of the bill, Republican Rep. Michael Waltz, praised the new policy but said he would “continue to press for voters to be eventually included.” The FBI policy does not cover more routine cyber activity, such as scanning for network vulnerabilities. But it would extend to sophisticated spear-phishing campaigns, aimed at tricking employees into giving up their log-in credentials, and other acts that officials see as particularly alarming and think must be communicated both to the county and the state.The policy comes two months after the Office of the Director of National Intelligence released a broad framework for how and in what circumstances to notify the public about foreign election interference, laying out general considerations for the government to take into account.When it comes to notifying states, one FBI official told the AP there was confusion in the past about who was receiving information and in what circumstances — issues the new policy is meant to address. The official said the policy is meant to ensure that one party does not hear it from the other before hearing it from the federal government.____Associated Press writer Christina A. Cassidy in Atlanta contributed to this report.Follow Eric Tucker on Twitter at 6064

The most distant world ever explored 4 billion miles away finally has an official name: Arrokoth.That means “sky” in the language of the Native American Powhatan people, NASA said Tuesday.NASA’s New Horizons spacecraft flew past the snowman-shaped Arrokoth on New Year’s Day, 3 ? years after exploring Pluto. At the time, this small icy world 1 billion miles (1.6 billion kilometers) beyond Pluto was nicknamed Ultima Thule given its vast distance from us.“The name ‘Arrokoth’ reflects the inspiration of looking to the skies,” lead scientist Alan Stern of Southwest Research Institute said in a statement, “and wondering about the stars and worlds beyond our own.”The name was picked because of the Powhatan’s ties to the Chesapeake Bay region.New Horizons is operated from Johns Hopkins University’s Applied Physics Lab in Laurel, Maryland. The Hubble Space Telescope — which discovered Arrokoth in 2014 — has its science operations in Baltimore.The New Horizons team got consent for the name from Powhatan Tribal elders and representatives, according to NASA. The International Astronomical Union and its Minor Planet Center approved the choice.Arrokoth is among countless objects in the so-called Kuiper Belt, or vast Twilight Zone beyond the orbit of Neptune. New Horizons will observe some of these objects from afar as it makes its way deeper into space.___The Associated Press Health and Science Department receives 1436

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The Federal Aviation Administration is warning airlines to check their Boeing airplanes for an issue that could be a problem with the wings.The FAA says faulty parts are at risk of cracking and premature failure. Airlines will have 10 days to remove or replace the parts.The issue is not enough to cause a plane to crash, the FAA says, but it could lead to in-flight damage.“ This is something where you could have an issue and basically when the plane lands mechanics would have to work on it, the plane would come out of service, maybe you'd have cancellations, some delays but not something that could bring down an aircraft,” said Seth Kaplan, aviation analyst.More than 300 Boeing airplanes are impacted — 65 of those are in the United States. Among the planes affected, the 737 Max planes currently grounded are included.The latest issue is adding to scrutiny surrounding the 737 Max airplane.“Because of everything Boeing has gone through, because 346 having died aboard 737 in recent months … this is gonna generate a lot more attention,” Kaplan said.Boeing is still working on getting federal approval for a software update to fix the issues that investigators say played a role in the two crashes. 1219

The Federal Aviation Administration has halted all flights in and out of Chicago's O'Hare Airport — one of the nation's busiest — due to a sprawling winter storm. The alert on the agency's website said the stop would last at least through 9 p.m. CST. Hundreds of flights already were canceled Friday at the airport. Earlier in the day, a plane slid off an icy taxiway in Kansas City. 395

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