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SAN DIEGO (CNS) - According to research published Friday by UC San Diego School of Medicine and San Diego State University researchers, the risk of contracting COVID-19 from handling trick-or-treat candy that has been in contact with a coronavirus-positive person is minimal, but not zero.In the study published Friday in the journal mSystems, the researchers analyzed the viral load on Halloween candy handled by patients with COVID-19.SARS-CoV-2, the virus which causes the illness COVID-19, is primarily transmitted by respiratory droplets and aerosols. The risk of infection by touching fomites -- objects or surfaces upon which viral particles have landed and persist -- is relatively low, according to multiple studies, even when fomites are known to have been exposed to the novel coronavirus. Nonetheless, the risk is not zero."The main takeaway is that although the risk of transmission of SARS- CoV-2 by surfaces -- including candy wrappers -- is low, it can be reduced even further by washing your hands with soap before handling the candy and washing the candy with household dishwashing detergent afterwards," said co-senior author Rob Knight, professor and director of the Center for Microbiome Innovation at UCSD."The main risk is interacting with people without masks, so if you are sharing candy, be safe by putting it in dish where you can wave from six feet away," he said.As San Diego County heads into a Halloweekend, public health officials are urging members of the public to practice COVID-19 protocols -- including avoiding large gatherings such as Halloween parties and door-to-door trick-or-treating."These activities involve face-to-face interactions with people from different households," said Dr. Wilma Wooten, the county's public health officer. "If a COVID-19 infection is detected among a participant, it will be very difficult to find and notify those who may have been exposed."These traditional Halloween celebrations are not advised, and large gatherings are not allowed under state or local health guidance. The county has reported dozens of community outbreaks in the past week.For their study, the researchers enrolled 10 recently diagnosed COVID- 19 patients who were asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic and asked them to handle Halloween candy under three different conditions: Normally with unwashed hands, normally with washed hands and extensive handling while deliberately coughing.The candy was then divided into two treatments -- no post-handling washing and washed with household dishwashing detergent -- followed by analyses using real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, the same technology used to diagnose COVID-19 infections in people, and a second analytical platform that can conduct tests on larger samples more quickly and cheaply. Both produced similar findings.On candies not washed post-handling, researchers detected SARS-CoV-2 on 60% of the samples that had been deliberately coughed on and on 60% of the samples handled normally with unwashed hands. However, the virus was detected on only 10% of the candies handled after handwashing.The dishwashing detergent was effective for reducing the viral RNA on candies, with reducing the viral load by 62.1 percent.The researchers had also planned to test bleach, but noted that bleach sometimes leaked through some of the candy wrappers, making it unsafe for this type of cleaning use.The study authors underscored that the likely risk of SARS-CoV-2 transmission from candy is low, even if handled by someone with a COVID-19 infection, but it can be reduced to near-zero if the candy is handled only by people who have first washed their hands and if it is washed with household dishwashing detergent for approximately a minute after collection.Knight led the study with Forest Rohwer, viral ecologist at San Diego State University, and Dr. Louise Laurent, professor at UC San Diego School of Medicine. 3937
SAN DIEGO (CNS) - A man accused of ambushing a janitorial worker at a Little Italy coffee shop and trying to sexually assault her pleaded not guilty Wednesday to a half-dozen felony charges, including kidnapping with the intent to commit a sex offense.Christopher Merron, 28, was ordered held on million bail. He faces life in prison if convicted, said Deputy District Attorney Nicole Roth.Merron allegedly attacked the woman as she was cleaning the coffee shop in the 1700 block of India Street about 4:30 a.m. last Sunday, pushing her into a back room, taking her car keys and threatening her with a knife.Following a struggle, the victim, whose name was withheld, was able to break free and run out of the building, said San Diego police Lt. Jason Weeden.RELATED: Man tries to sexually assault woman before stealing her carThe assailant then fled in the woman's tan 1998 GMC Jimmy SUV.Merron was arrested in Mission Valley the next day and the victim's stolen SUV was recovered, Weeden said."This was a brazen and serious sex crime," Roth said outside court. "This was a traumatic event."RELATED: Arrest made in Little Italy attempted sex assault, vehicle theftBesides kidnapping with the intent to commit a sex offense, Merron is charged with assault with the intent to commit a sex offense, attempted oral copulation, false imprisonment with force, robbery and auto theft.Merron will be back in court Oct. 26 for a readiness conference and Oct. 30 for a preliminary hearing.While living in Virginia, Merron pled guilty to accessory to robbery, resisting arrest and several drug charges. 1602

SAN DIEGO (CNS) - A vehicle struck and killed a pedestrian Friday on Interstate 5 at the southern end of Balboa Park.The traffic fatality occurred shortly before 9 a.m. on the northbound side of the freeway, near state Route 163 in downtown San Diego, according to the California Highway Patrol.It was unclear why the pedestrian, who died at the scene, was on the interstate, CHP public-affairs Officer Salvador Castro said.The fatality left three northbound lanes blocked in the area and tangled traffic for miles through late morning. 544
SAN DIEGO (CNS) - A security guard at a bar in Little Italy was sentenced Friday to six years in state prison for shooting a patron during an argument outside the establishment.Dangelo Jeffrey, 24, pleaded guilty earlier this year to charges of assault, discharging a firearm and carrying a concealed weapon for the April 20 attack that began at the El Camino Bar, 2400 India St., according to Deputy District Attorney Mary Naoom.Around 2 that morning, Jeffrey got into an argument with the male victim and others, and made threats. He then followed the victim along India and to Laurel Street, where they got into another argument, during which the victim punched him in the face, according to San Diego police.RELATED: Man shot twice by Little Italy security guard after argument at barJeffrey then shot the victim in the abdomen. The bullet struck his spine, Naoom said.San Diego Police Officer J. Buttle said Jeffrey fired two shots, one of which struck the victim, and that Jeffrey then went home. He later called police from home and turned himself in to authorities.He had no prior criminal history, and did not have a concealed carry permit for the weapon, Naoom said.RELATED:Hate crime charges filed in Little Italy assault caseCompany turns several San Diego apartments into vacation rentals 1309
SAN DIEGO (CNS) - Lab-confirmed flu cases increased countywide last week for the second consecutive week, county health officials announced Wednesday.The county Health and Human Services Agency confirmed 74 flu cases, an increase of 22 cases over the revised 52 confirmed the previous week. The county confirmed 30 cases during the week of Oct. 20-26.County health officials have confirmed 475 flu cases to date since tracking for the 2019-2020 flu season began July 1. At this time last year, the county had only confirmed 190 cases.RELATED: Third patient dies of flu this season in San DiegoHealth officials have also confirmed three deaths from flu-related causes this flu season."We're seeing a steady increase in flu cases in recent weeks, a sign that influenza activity in the region is growing," said Dr. Wilma Wooten, the county's public health officer. "The best protection against influenza is getting a flu shot."County health officials and the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention strongly advise the annual flu vaccination for everyone 6 months and older, especially in demographics with a heightened risk of serious complications, such as pregnant women, people with chronic medical conditions like lung disease and people age 65 or older.RELATED: Health officials stress getting vaccinated for the flu ASAPResidents can take precautions against contracting the virus by frequently washing their hands, cleaning commonly touched surfaces and avoiding contact with sick people.The flu vaccine is available at local doctors' offices, retail pharmacies and the county's public health centers. A full list of locations offering flu shots can be found at the county's immunization website, sdiz.org, or by calling 211 for the county's health hotline.RELATED: Vaccine exemption rates among US kindergartners continue to climb, CDC says 1862
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