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BEIJING, Dec. 25 (Xinhua) -- The Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, China's top legislature, studied the implementation of the Law on Labor Contract and the Law on Compulsory Education Thursday at a plenary session. The legislative session was attended by Wu Bangguo, chairman of the NPC National Committee, and presided over by Chen Zhili, vice chairwoman of the NPC Standing Committee. The third plenary session of the sixth session of the 11th Standing Committee of China's National People's Congress(NPC) is held at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing, China, on Dec. 25, 2008. Wu Bangguo, chairman of the Standing Committee of the NPC, attended the session. Lu Yongxiang, vice chairman of the top legislature, read a report at the session on the practice of the Law on Compulsory Education, which was put into force in 1986 with an overall revision in 2006. The top legislature checked the implementation of the law in 2007 and 2008, respectively. Over the past two years, Lu said, the law has entered the stage of an overall popularization throughout the country as it has been fully supported by the state finance and the policy of free compulsory education has been achieved. But there have been difficulties for the implementation of the law in rural areas, including the lack of funds and quality teachers and the existence of safety problems for school buildings and management in the countryside. Hua Jianmin, vice chairman of the NPC Standing Committee, made a report on the implementation of the Law on Labor Contract, which went into effect on Jan. 1, 2008. The top legislature checked the practice of the law from mid-September to mid-October, he said. According to Hua, the implementation of the new law is good in general as the number of labor contracts signed has witnessed a remarkable rise this year and the rights of transient workers from rural areas have been better protected. However, the practice of the law has met new problems since October, when the impacts of the current global financial crisis spread and the growth of world economy slowed down, he said. Hua urged that more efforts should be made to publicize the law, so as to better implement it and give greater attention to the protection of laborers' rights. At the session, the lawmakers also heard reports on the handling of 462proposals and 6,279 pieces of suggestions, comments and criticisms from NPC deputies during the First Session of the Eleventh NPC in March 2008. Meanwhile, the meeting heard reports on the amendments of the Law on Earthquake Relief and the Patent Law. The NPC Law Committee suggested that the top legislature approve the two amended laws. It also heard a report on Wu's recent visit to five African nations and the Commission of the African Union.
LIMA, Nov. 23 (Xinhua) -- Chinese President Hu Jintao said Sunday that China and Russia should strengthen strategic coordination at a time when the global political and economic structures are undergoing the most profound changes since the end of the Cold War. Hu made the remarks at a meeting with his Russian counterpart Dmitry Medvedev on the sidelines of the 16th Economic Leaders' Meeting of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) forum in Lima, Peru. China and Russia should make concerted efforts to overcome the impact of the ongoing global financial crisis, maintain the sound momentum of their economic growth, and push ahead with reforms of the international financial system, the Chinese president said. Chinese President Hu Jintao (R) shakes hands with Russian President Dmitry Medvedev during their meeting in Lima, capital of Peru, Nov. 23, 2008. Hu also called for efforts to earnestly carry out the outline on implementing the Sino-Russian Good-Neighborly Treaty of Friendship and Cooperation. The two nations should enhance consultation on strategic security, and conduct timely exchanges of views on major international and regional issues and coordinate their positions, Hu said. On issues related to their core interests, China and Russia should continue to strengthen mutual support and coordination, he added. Efforts should also be made to combine the development of the Sino-Russian strategic cooperative partnership with market-oriented policies, so as to further promote their pragmatic cooperation in various fields, he said. As for the Six-Party Talks on the nuclear issue on the Korean Peninsula, Hu urged relevant parties to continue to strengthen coordination and cooperation, push forward the talks and strive for the gradual establishment of a mechanism for peace and security in Northeast Asia. He expressed China's support for Russia's role as an initiator in the establishment of the mechanism, adding that the two countries should also enhance coordination in promoting regional economic cooperation. Medvedev said the two countries should strengthen strategic consultation on issues relating to peace and security across the world and in the Asia-Pacific region. Russia is willing to strengthen consultation and cooperation with China in jointly coping with the global financial crisis, the Russian president said. The financial departments of the two countries could hold a meeting at an appropriate time to discuss how to implement the results of the financial summit of the G20 held a week ago in Washington and those of the APEC Economic Leaders' Meeting, he said. On the Six-Party Talks, the Russian president said relevant parties should properly handle their differences and make efforts to push forward the talks and promote peace and security in Northeast Asia.
BEIJING, Dec. 8 (Xinhua) -- China's annual Central Economic Work Conference opened here Monday to set tone for the economic development next year. Observers believed the three-day event would give priority to efforts to maintain stable economic growth. They reckoned in 2009, China would see more risks for worse economic slowdown, more struggling smaller businesses, grim export situation and arduous task of transformation of economic growth pattern. "It is imperative for China to maintain an economic growth of at least 8 percent," said Zhuang Jian, senior economist with Asian Development Bank's China Resident Mission. It was hard for China to bear the consequences of a too slow GDP growth, Zhuang added, citing bankruptcy of numerous enterprises, more migrant workers being laid off and difficulties for college graduates to find jobs. China's macro-economic policies experienced a dramatic adjustment-- from "preventing economic overheating and curbing inflation" at the beginning of this year to "maintaining growth through expanding domestic demand" at present. In the first three quarters, the nation saw its GDP growth slowed to a single-digit rate for the first time over the past five years, thanks partly to macro-economic control efforts and the ongoing financial woes worldwide. "The Chinese economy has suspended continuous heating and proceeded into a period of slow down," Zhang Liqun, a researcher with the macro economy department under the Development Research Center of the State Council, commented. "The slowdown was worse than expected," said Ma Jiantang, head of the National Bureau of Statistics. Data from the bureau showed that the country's GDP growth was 10.6 percent in the first quarter, 10.1 percent in the second, and9 percent in the third. President Hu Jintao said at the end of November that the Chinese economy was pressurized by global economic downturn, obvious ebbing of demand from abroad and weakening of the country's traditional competitive edge. "Impact from the international financial tsunami on the Chinese economy has begun to show up, and to deepen into various sectors of the real economy," said Wang Yiming, deputy head of the macro economic research institute of the National Development and Reform Commission. Since mid October, the Central Government has promulgated a string of policies and measures to prevent the national economy from sliding drastically. They included end of a tight monetary policy and commencement of a moderately easy one, shifting the fiscal policy from "prudent" to "active", starting projects to improve infrastructure and promote people's livelihood, and, expanding domestic demand. The People's Bank of China announced tax exemptions and downpayment cuts as of Oct. 27 to boost the falling real estate sector. The minimum downpayment for a first-time buyer of a residence smaller than 90 square meters was reduced to 20 percent from 30 percent. Interest rates on mortgages for first-time buyers were cut 0.27percentage point. The floor for interest rates was lowered to 70 percent of the central bank's benchmark rate. The central bank cut benchmark interest rates by 0.27 percentage point as of Oct. 30, the third such move in six weeks. The benchmark one-year deposit rate dropped to 3.60 percent from 3.87 percent, while the benchmark one-year lending rate fell from 6.93 percent to 6.66 percent. Tax rebates were raised for 3,486 export items as of Nov. 1. The adjustment covered such labor-intensive industries as textiles, toys, garments, and high-tech products, accounting for 25.8 percent of products covered by customs tariffs. Rebate rates run roughly from 9 percent to 14 percent. On Nov. 9, state councilors announced a four-trillion-yuan (583.9 billion U.S. dollars) economic-stimulus package, which was seen as the most exciting stimuli in 10 years. To boost consumption, particularly in the rural areas where 900 million people inhabited, was important part of efforts to expand domestic demand, observers believed. China has launched a scheme to subsidize rural residents for buying home appliances since the end of 2007. It is estimated that in a period of four years, nearly 480 million units of refrigerators, washing machines, color TV sets and cell phones, which were in huge demand among farmers, will be sold in rural areas nationwide. That means 920 billion yuan to be spent by rural consumers. "There is still a large room for the government to mull more policies to boost consumption, such as raising the threshold for taxable income and increasing income for lower-income earners," said Cai Zhizhou, an economist with the prestigious Peking University. Export has since long been a major driving force for the Chinese economy. Economists believed the stable development of smaller enterprises, particularly the exporters, which provided jobs for 75 percent of urban employees and rural migrant workers, was related to the stability of the enormous Chinese labor market. How to prevent export from sliding down too fast is one of the top concerns of the Chinese government. "It is no doubt that China's export situation will become more grim next year. However, if the country manages to maintain a moderately fast growth in foreign sales of machines and electronics, it will likely achieve a growth of more than 15 percent in export at large," said Mei Xinyu, a trade expert with the Ministry of Commerce. China has taken a string of measures to boost development of smaller enterprises. "It is necessary for the government to work out more detailed, effective methods to mitigate tax burdens and enhance credit support for smaller businesses, and to help them with their efforts to promote technical upgrading and explore more markets," said Zhao Yumin, another economist with the Ministry of Commerce. The service sector, which was able to provide numerous jobs, was yet to be expanded substantially, Zhao added. Zhang Xiaojing, a senior economist with the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, said that it was definitely wrong for China to waive long-term goals for short-term interests. He believed that to promote the shift of economic growth pattern and maintain the sustainable economic growth would be one of the important topics for the ongoing Central Economic Work Conference.
BEIJING, Jan. 24 (Xinhua) -- The People's Bank of China, the country's central bank, disproved Saturday the allegations by a U.S. Treasury official that China is manipulating the exchange rates of its currency, saying the statement is untrue and misleading. Su Ning, vice governor of the central bank, said that the allegation could sidetrack the effort to track the real cause of the financial crisis. "President Obama -- backed by the conclusions of a broad range of economists -- believes that China is manipulating its currency," the U.S. Treasury Secretary-designate Timothy Geithner wrote to the Senate Finance Committee in documents released on Thursday. "Also, we should avoid any excuse that might lead to the revitalization of trade protectionism. Because it will do no good to the fight against the crisis, nor will it help the healthy and stable development of the global economy," Su said. Yi Xianrong, a researcher with the financial research center of the CASS, told Xinhua on Friday if the U.S. labeled China as a "currency manipulator," it would hurt the concerted action of fighting the global financial crisis. It would also hamper the global efforts to shake off an economic slowdown as the Sino-U.S. economic tie had become one of the world's most important bilateral economic ties, Yi said. According to China customs statistics, Sino-U.S. trade hit 333.74 billion U.S. dollars last year, up 10.5 percent year on year. With a 9-percent rate, China contributed more than 20 percent of global economic growth in 2008, while the U.S. remained the world's largest economy, Yi said. Geithner's comment was just aiming to try out the Chinese government's response, said Zuo Xiaolei, senior analyst with the Beijing-based Galaxy Securities. Yuan appreciation and the pace of appreciation should not only be decided by trade surplus but also the status of domestic economic development, Zuo said. "The price advantage of Chinese exports may not be a result of currency issues, but the country's lower costs of labor, resources and land," she said. In July 2005, China abandoned a decade-old peg to the U.S. dollar and allowed its currency to appreciate by 2.1 percent. Since then, the yuan has strengthened further, rising more than 20 percent against the U.S. dollar.
WASHINGTON, Nov. 15 (Xinhua) -- Chinese President Hu Jintao on Saturday called on the international community to make concerted efforts to tide over difficulties arising from the global financial crisis. Hu made the appeal while addressing a summit meeting of the Group of Twenty (G20) on financial markets and the world economy in Washington. RESTORE MARKET CONFIDENCE President Hu urged the international community to take all necessary steps to promptly restore market confidence and stop the spread and development of the financial crisis. "The international financial crisis has now spread from some parts of the world to the entire globe, from developed countries to emerging markets, and from the financial sector to the real economy," said Hu, who arrived here Friday for the G20 summit. "To effectively deal with the financial crisis, all countries should strengthen confidence and intensify coordination and cooperation," he stressed. To deal with the crisis, Hu said major developed countries "should undertake their due responsibilities and obligations, implement macroeconomic policies that are conducive to economic and financial stability and growth both at home and internationally, take active steps to stabilize their own and the international financial markets and safeguard investors' interests." "Meanwhile, we should all enhance macroeconomic policy coordination, expand economic and financial information sharing, and deepen cooperation in international financial regulation so as to create necessary conditions for stability in both domestic and international markets," Hu added. REFORM INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL SYSTEM Hu urged the international community to earnestly draw lessons from the ongoing financial crisis and, based on full consultations among all stakeholders, undertake necessary reform of the international financial system. "Reform of the international financial system should aim at establishing a new international financial order that is fair, just, inclusive and orderly and fostering an institutional environment conducive to sound global economic development," Hu said. He said the reform should be conducted in a comprehensive, balanced, incremental and result-oriented manner. "A comprehensive reform is one that has a general design and includes measures to improve not only the international financial system, monetary system and financial institutions, but also international financial rules and procedures," he noted. "A balanced reform is one that is based on overall consideration and seeks a balance among the interests of all parties," Hu said. "An incremental reform is one that seeks gradual progress," said the president, adding that it should proceed in a phased manner, starting with the easier issues, and achieve the final objectives of reform through sustained efforts. "A result-oriented reform is one that lays emphasis on practical results. All reform measures should contribute to international financial stability and global economic growth as well as the well being of people in all countries," he stressed. Based on those considerations, Hu listed four priorities in reforming the international financial system -- stepping up international cooperation in financial regulation; advancing reform of international financial institutions; encouraging regional financial cooperation; and improving the international currency system. HELP DEVELOPING COUNTRIES COPE WITH CRISIS President Hu also called for international efforts to help developing countries and the least developed countries cope with the global financial crisis. "When coping with the financial crisis, the international community should pay particular attention to the damage of the crisis on developing countries, especially the least developed countries (LDCs), and do all it can to minimize the damage." It is necessary to help developing countries maintain financial stability and economic growth, sustain and increase assistance to developing countries, and maintain economic and financial stability in developing countries, he said. CHINA TO PLAY CONSTRUCTIVE ROLE Responding to natural disasters and the global financial crisis, China has made timely adjustment to its policies and strengthened macroeconomic regulation, Hu said. "Steady and relatively fast growth in China is in itself an important contribution to international financial stability and world economic growth," he noted. "The Chinese government has adopted measures to boost economic development, including lowering the required reserve ratio, cutting the deposit and lending rates, and easing the corporate tax burdens," Hu told the participants. Meanwhile, as a responsible member of the international community, "China has taken an active part in the international cooperation to deal with the financial crisis and played a positive role in maintaining international financial stability and promoting the development of the world economy," he said. "Stability of the international financial markets and sustained development of the global economy are crucial to the well being of all countries and people," Hu noted. "Let us tide over the difficulties through concerted efforts and contribute our share to maintaining international financial stability and promoting global economic growth," he concluded.