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BERLIN, June 8 (Xinhua) -- German health minister Daniel Bahr expressed cautious hope Wednesday for an end to the wave of E. coli infections as authorities reported two more deaths and more than 300 new cases."I can't give an all-clear, but after the analysis of the latest data we have reasons for hope, as the number of new infections is continuously dropping," Bahr told local public television ARD before an emergency meeting in Berlin with European Union Health Commissioner John Dalli."Unfortunately, there will be new cases and more deaths have to be expected, but overall new infections are clearly going down," he said.On the same day, Germany's national disease control center, the Robert Koch Institute, said the number of reported cases in Germany had risen by more than 300 to 2,648. Nearly 700 of those affected have been taken to hospital with a serious complication that can cause kidney failure.The Institute did not fully support Bahr's optimism. It said there was a declining trend in new cases but added it was not clear whether this was because the outbreak was truly waning or because consumers were staying away from the raw vegetables believed to be the source of the E. coli.The German government has faced increasing criticism from abroad and at home over its dealing with the crisis. It was twice wrong in naming the source of the outbreak and it has been criticized for a lack of coordination between research institutes.Dalli was quoted by local daily Die Welt as saying, "we have to rely on the experience and expertise across Europe, and even outside Europe."The Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology in Berlin also called for a federal government representative to coordinate the various government agencies dealing with the disease to eliminate mixed messages.
BEIJING, Sept. 26 (Xinhuanet) -- Young unmarried migrant women are facing a high risk of induced abortions in China and experts urged that they have better access to reproductive health education.Among the 8 to 10 million induced abortions performed on the mainland each year, nearly 47 percent involve unmarried women younger than 25, according to Cheng Linan, director of the center for clinical research and training of the Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research.The statistics are based on the results from a recent nationwide survey."The rising trend of induced abortions is even more evident among migrants who usually have poor awareness and access to reproductive health knowledge and services, particularly about contraception," she said on Saturday at an event to mark World Contraceptive Day, which falls on Sept 26.A 2008 survey involving more than 50,000 induced abortions in Beijing showed that roughly 70 percent of the women undergoing the procedure were migrants. For many, it was not their first abortion.According to a nationwide study by the Chinese Medical Association (CMA), of all women having received induced abortions, nearly 56 percent had two operations and 13.5 percent had three or more."That not only causes the women certain physical or mental problems, but it also gives the country a huge economic burden of more than 3 billion yuan" or about 0 million, she said.Among Chinese women who became infertile, more than 88 percent previously had an induced abortion, a study conducted in 2007 showed.Other potential health hazards include hemorrhage, uterine or pelvic infection, uterine perforation and cervical laceration.Apart from low awareness, poor access to professional consultations on contraception, particularly among single young women, is mainly the problem.A 2011 survey by the CMA found that about 44 percent of those polled said they had difficulty accessing scientifically correct contraceptive information, compared with a global average of 15.5 percent.

WASHINGTON, July 13 (Xinhua) -- Human neural stem cells are capable of helping people regain learning and memory abilities lost due to radiation treatment for brain tumors, a University of California, Irvine (UCI) study suggests.Research with rats found that stem cells transplanted two days after cranial irradiation restored cognitive function, as measured in one- and four-month assessments. In contrast, irradiated rats not treated with stem cells showed no cognitive improvement."Our findings provide solid evidence that such cells can be used to reverse radiation-induced damage of healthy tissue in the brain," said Charles Limoli, a UCI radiation oncology professor.Study results will appear Friday in Cancer Research, a journal of the American Association for Cancer Research.Radiotherapy for brain tumors is limited by how well the surrounding tissue tolerates it. Patients receiving radiation at effective levels suffer varying degrees of learning and memory loss that can adversely affect their quality of life."In almost every instance, people experience severe cognitive impairment that's progressive and debilitating," Limoli said. " Pediatric cancer patients can experience a drop of up to three IQ points per year."For the UCI study, multipotent human neural stem cells were transplanted into the brains of rats that had undergone radiation treatment. They migrated throughout the hippocampus -- a region known for the growth of new neurons -- and developed into brain cells.Researchers assessed the rats one month and four months after transplantation, noting enhanced learning and memory abilities at both intervals.Additionally, they found that transplanting as few as 100,000 human neural stem cells was sufficient to improve cognition after cranial irradiation. Of cells surviving the process, about 15 percent turned into new neurons, while another 45 percent became astrocytes and oligodendrocytes -- cells that support cerebral neurons.Most notably, Limoli said, he and his colleagues discovered that about 11 percent of the engrafted cells expressed a behaviorally induced marker of learning, indicating the functional integration of those cells into memory circuits in the hippocampus."This research suggests that stem cell therapies may one day be implemented in the clinic to provide relief to patients suffering from cognitive impairments incurred as a result of their cancer treatments," Limoli said.
BEIJING, July 6 (Xinhua) -- The Ministry of Health has issued a national standard on compound food additives to better regulate the production and use of such additives and ensure food safety.Compound food additives, which are designed to improve food quality or assist in food processing, should be used sparingly in food products, according to the standard the ministry issued Tuesday.Titled the General Rule on Compound Food Additives, the standard stipulates that each of the ingredients used for making compound food additives, which are a mix of two or more single food additives, should meet national standards concerning food safety.No chemical reaction should occur and no new compounds should be generated during the production process of compound food additives, according to the standard.Compound food additives producers should clarify limits of the amounts of harmful substances, such as lead and arsenic, in their products and take measures to control the levels of harmful substances, according to the standard, which will come into effect on Sept. 5 this year.
BEIJING, July 5 (Xinhuanet) -- A new study showed that environmental factors may play a larger role in the development of autism than previously recognized, according to media reports on Tuesday.The new study in the Archives of General Psychiatry looked at 192 pairs of twins in California. It found autism was surprisingly common in fraternal twins, despite the fact that they don’t share as many of the same genes as identical twins, suggesting that something in their mutual life circumstances may be playing at least as strong a role as genetics.The study, which will likely be followed up with similar studies of twins and other siblings, could force a dramatic swing in the focus of research into the developmental disorder.“It looks like some shared environmental factors play a role in autism, and the study really points toward factors that are early in life that affect the development of the child,” said study researcher Joachim Hallmayer, MD, an associate professor of psychiatry at Stanford University in California.
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