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Researchers have determined there are five kinds of cat owners, when it comes to their feelings about their felines roaming and hunting outside.Outdoor cats can be a danger to birds, rodents and small reptiles, and also create dangers for themselves from disease, larger predators and traffic.Researchers at the University of Exeter in the United Kingdom are trying to bring awareness to the downsides of cat outdoor roaming and the impact on wildlife, and published part of their ongoing study. They note that several attempts have been made to address the issues, including reducing the cat population, regulating ownership and restricting feline outdoor access.“Such proposals rarely account for cat owners’ perspectives, however, and are frequently met with strong, principled opposition,” the study’s authors wrote.They found cat owners fell into five “types”:Concerned Protectors focus on cat safety. They are most worried about their pet’s safety outside and would feel guilty if the cat died while roaming. They are likely to keep their cats inside most of the time if not permanently.Freedom Defenders prioritize cat independence and natural instincts, “like a wild animal,” and oppose restrictions on behavior. They believe keeping cats inside is cruel, and that any of the risks of being outside are outweighed by the benefits. They generally are not bothered by their cat’s hunting and some expressed pride in their pet’s hunting abilities.Tolerant Guardians believe outdoor access is important for cats but dislike their hunting and are more likely to bring their cat inside at night. Generally, this group of cat owners try to rescue prey captured by their cats, accepting that their pet is a “carnivorous wild creature” while saving all wildlife.Conscientious Caretakers feel some responsibility for managing their cats’ hunting. They are worried about their cat’s roaming, and the impact on birds and other smaller creatures. This group generally believes cats require outdoor access, but are not opposed to confinement. They are open to hunting-control measures that owners can take.Laissez‐faire Landlords were largely unaware of the issues surrounding roaming and hunting behavior. This group generally is concerned their pet may be stolen, get killed in traffic or get lost if outside roaming. They also have never thought about the effect their cat has on wildlife outside. They also believe belled collars are an effective way to manage their cat’s hunting.The large majority of study participants also felt that cats should be allowed outside at least some of the time. The study’s authors note that four of the five groups viewed hunting to be negative and may be open to more information about how to limit their pet’s predation.They recommend policymakers stay away from “blanket restrictions” and instead work with cat owners on strategies. “Identifying, refining, and promoting viable management tools and alternatives may be a more constructive approach to resolving this issue than regulation,” the study concludes. 3053

President Donald Trump signed a 0 billion stimulus bill on Sunday, with some of those funds going toward direct payments for millions of Americans. While the bill has been signed into law, there are still a number of unknowns about the bill.Here is what is known:- Congress has authorized that most Americans making less than ,000 a year will get a direct payment of 0 (couples making less than 0,000 a year will get ,200). Heads of households making 4,500 annually also will receive the full 0.- Those making ,000 to ,000 (0,000 to 4,000 for couples) will get a prorated check. Those making over ,000 (4,000 for couples) will not receive a check.- Once again, young adults considered dependents of their parents are not eligible for the payments.- The amount given per child under the age of 17 will increase from 0 to 0.- Americans will receive the second round of stimulus checks the same way they received the first one.- While most Americans who received a stimulus check in the spring will receive one, changes to income between 2018 and 2019 could alter payments.What is unknown:- Will Congress authorize an increase of the direct payments from 0 to ,000. Trump called on an increase to direct payments, which got support from the House on Monday, mostly due to strong Democratic support. Now the bill goes to the Senate, but it is unknown if the bill will even get a vote there.- When a check will be distributed. Treasury Secretary Steven Mnuchin says that checks could be distributed within a week, but with Congress considering an increase to the amount per check, that could delay things.Why would I qualify for a check in the spring, but not now?This would mostly be due to a change in income. The IRS went by income from the most recent tax return that had been submitted by the spring. The filing deadline for 2019 taxes was July 15. For many Americans, the IRS used 2018 return information. If someone saw their income increase from 2018 to 2019, that information would now be in the IRS’ hands.Conversely, if your income dropped in 2019 compared to 2018, that might make you eligible for a check this time around.Undocumented immigrants still will not receive a check, but their spouses mayDuring the last round of stimulus checks, many families did not receive a check if an undocumented immigrant is in the family. Now, the spouses and children of undocumented immigrants can now receive a check (assuming they meet qualifications), and also retroactively earn a check from the last round of stimulus.When will we know if I will get 0 or ,000That will be decided in the coming days. The Senate is scheduled to meet on Tuesday. Theoretically, the Senate could approve the House’s bill on Tuesday, and Trump could sign later in the day.Regardless, a new Congress is sworn in on Sunday, and the Senate has until then to consider the legislation passed by the House on Monday. 2953

Republican Reps. Chris Collins and Duncan Hunter, who are both facing federal indictments, were re-elected to Congress Tuesday night, CNN projects.Both men were early supporters of President Donald Trump, who blasted the Justice Department earlier this year for investigating the two Republicans.Despite the federal charges against him, which he calls "meritless," Collins has been actively campaigning to keep his seat in New York's 27th Congressional District.Collins, the first House member to endorse Trump's 2016 campaign, has been charged with securities fraud, wire fraud and false statements stemming from alleged insider trading in stock of an Australian pharmaceutical company.Hunter, who represents California's 50th Congressional District, was indicted the same month as Collins in August -- but for charges of campaign corruption related to a quarter-million dollars' worth of charges on his campaign credit card. Hunter claimed he was framed by a "corrupt" Department of Justice but also placed blame on his wife.He went on to suggest that his Mexican-Palestinian-American opponent -- a 29-year-old former Obama administration aide who is Christian -- is a Muslim with ties to terrorism who would threaten the security of US soldiers.Meanwhile, Sen. Bob Menendez, a Democrat from New Jersey, survived a tough re-election bid amid dismal approval ratings following his federal corruption trial that ended in a hung jury.While the Justice Department filed to dismiss charges against Menendez, he was still admonished by the Senate Ethics Committee for accepting gifts without proper approval from a wealthy ophthalmologist and returning in kind with political favors.. 1688

President Donald Trump suggested delaying the 2020 presidential election in a Thursday morning tweet while further perpetuating the false claim that mail-in voting leads to widespread voter fraud."With Universal Mail-In Voting (not Absentee Voting, which is good), 2020 will be the most INACCURATE & FRAUDULENT Election in history," Trump tweeted. "It will be a great embarrassment to the USA. Delay the Election until people can properly, securely and safely vote???"Despite Trump's repeated claims to the contrary, there is little evidence that mail-in voting leads to widespread voter fraud. Five states already conduct their elections entirely through the mail: Colorado, Hawaii, Oregon, Washington and Utah.In fact, Trump himself has voted by mail several times.In addition, legal experts say the president does not have the power to move Election Day. The Constitution provides that power to Congress, who passed a law in 1948 specifying election day as the first Tuesday in November. Democrats control the House of Representatives, and it's unlikely that they will vote to move the election at the behest of Trump.According to CNN and The New York Times, several top Republicans have already broken with Trump on the prospect of moving the 2020 election, including Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell, House Minority Leader Kevin McCarthy, Sen. Ted Cruz, Sen. Lindsey Graham and Sen. Marco Rubio. Trump has already suggested that he won't immediately accept the results of the election if he were to lose in November. Earlier this month in an interview with Fox News' Chris Wallace, Trump said it would "depend" if he would accept the results in which he lost, citing mail-in voting.Several recent national polls show Trump trailing his presumptive opponent, former Vice President Joe Biden, but double digits. Those same polls also show Trump trailing in key swing states. 1895

Researchers at University of Michigan have developed a fake news detector to help fight against misinformation. The technology is "an algorithm-based system that identifies telltale linguistic cues in fake news stories." The team says the system is "comparable to and sometimes better than humans at correctly identifying fake news stories."According to their study, linguistic analysis tracks things like grammatical structure, word choice, punctuation and complexity. But there are challenges to making sure the system properly deciphers stories. Researchers say the difficulty in building a fake news detectors is not in developing the algorithm itself, "but in finding the right data with which to train that algorithm."The system is still in its beta stage. Details of the fake news detector system will be presented on August 24 at the International Conference on Computational Linguistics in Santa Fe. Read the full study here. 962

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