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SAN DIEGO (KGTV) — The National Institutes of Health highlighted research Tuesday out of UC San Diego that could unlock a new way to treat COVID-19.The research reveals new insight into how the coronavirus hijacks cells, and how doctors might be able to set traps or decoys to combat the virus. The findings were published in the journal Cell last month.“It does open up another avenue for a potential treatment,” said UC San Diego distinguished professor Dr. Jeffrey Esko. “It’s not a cure. It would be something that would tamp down infection potentially.”Since January, scientists around the world have understood that SARS-Co-V2, the official name of the new coronavirus, enters cells by latching onto a specific receptor on the cell’s surface, called ACE2.The UCSD team, led by Dr. Esko and visiting scholar Dr. Thomas Clausen, discovered that this entry mechanism is actually a two-step process, and the virus must also attach to a long chain of sugars called heparan sulfate.“We’ve shown this is fundamental to the infectious mechanism, so it needs to be part of every study from now on,” said Clausen.All cells are coated with a complex layer of sugars, or carbohydrates, called glycans. Heparan sulfate is one type of glycan that is known to play a key role in the infection process in several viruses, including herpes and other coronaviruses.It’s a complicated process to picture so the researchers offer an analogy: imagine a bird, soaring over trees, hunting a worm on the forest floor. The bird is the coronavirus and the trees are the thick layer of glycans that coat the surface of the cell.To reach the worm, which in this case is the receptor ACE2, the bird must navigate its way through the trees, specifically through heparan sulfate.The UCSD found that by removing the heparan sulfate trees with an enzyme, they were able to prevent the virus from infecting cells. In laboratory testing, they also found a second technique worked to foil the virus: introducing more trees as bait.The team found that heparin, an FDA-approved drug that is similar in structure to heparan sulfate, successfully acted as decoy. Heparin is a widely used drug designed to treat blood clots. Since blood clots and strokes are common complications with COVID-19, many doctors already administer heparin to patients.The UCSD team demonstrated that the two approaches can block infection in lab-grown cells about 80 to 90 percent of the time.“Certainly in the laboratory you can demonstrate that it works, but to deploy it and use it as a therapeutic has not been demonstrated,” Esko said.The NIH noted that more studies are planned to explore whether heparin, heparan sulfate, or drugs that target heparan sulfate might yield a viable COVID-19 treatment.Dr. Esko said he’s already been in talks with companies that plan to use their study as a rationale for a clinical trial.“It is very humbling when you realize we’re working on a pandemic right now, and maybe what we’ve done can contribute to a treatment for the disease,” he said. 3038

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) — The explosions that shook a La Jolla neighborhood late last week revealed the surface of a much deeper, bitter fight. The detonations happened behind the home of the late Alex Jvirblis, who died in August at the age of 82. Neighbors describe him as a quiet but pleasant individual, and recalled few interactions. RELATED: Explosions ring out during hazmat scare at La Jolla homeOn Thursday and Friday of last week, the bomb squad exploded illegally stored chemicals from behind Jvirblis' house on Wrelton Road in Bird Rock. Jvirblis had no spouse or children. What he did have, however, was a business called Curtis Technology. It's tucked away in an industrial part of Sorrento Valley. Curtis Technology offers metal forming, cutting and finishing operations, which requires the use of chemicals. A woman named Daksha Dave is listed as its business contact online, and as treasurer with the Environmental Protection Agency. RELATED: Mid-Coast Trolley project: Parts of I-5 in La Jolla to be closed due to concrete pourDave is also the executor of the Jvirblis Estate. His will gives the state to the full authority to sell, lease, or hold all of his assets. That's where the fight starts. In October, Robert Hockenbrought and Amber Shuey, Jvirblis’ nephew and niece, filed a legal challenge to the Jvirblis Trust. "Except as provided in this will, I have intentionally omitted to provide for my heirs."RELATED: La Jolla party house scene of violent attack, mother saysIn court documents, they accuse Dave of cooking Curtis Technology’s books to increase bonuses, destroying or hiding Jvirblis’ true estate documents, and going into Jvirblis’ filing cabinet when he was hospitalized and stealing gold. A woman who identified herself as Dave declined comment Tuesday at the Curtis Technology headquarters. Her attorneys did not immediately respond to a request for comment. Hockenbrought is also the one who alerted authorities to the illegally stored chemicals, according to federal search warrants. RELATED: La Jolla complex would offer lower-priced, furnished units near coastThe warrant says an employee at Curtis Technology told investigators Jvirblis instructed him to take the chemicals to his properties. Then, upon Jvirblis’s death, that employee informed Dave and the alternate executor — also at Curtis Technology — of the chemicals stored at the homes. The warrant says the employee was then told not to worry about it and that he was no longer allowed to go those locations. Hockenbrought said the family would have no comment, citing an ongoing FBI investigation into the chemicals. 2623

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) -- The California Department of Public Health made a quiet announcement late Monday night that could be a welcoming relief for families all over the state looking for outdoor activities amid the pandemic.Health officials are allowing counties to reopen outdoor playgrounds located in parks, campgrounds, and other publicly accessible locations.But guidance is firm and strict as the state continues to battle the deadly coronavirus pandemic."COVID-19 continues to pose a severe risk to communities and requires all people in California to follow necessary precautions and to adapt the way they live and function in light of this ongoing risk," state health officials said.At the top of the list of requirements is the rule on face coverings. "Face masks over the mouth and nose are required for everyone 2 years of age or older with caregiver supervision at all times to ensure face mask use," officials said.Other rules include a 30-minute limit on visits when others are present, no eating or drinking in playgrounds, and elderly persons and others with underlying medical conditions should avoid playground when others are present."This guidance does not apply to indoor playgrounds or family entertainment centers," the state said.San Diego County has not yet issued a timeline for when the caution tape wrapped around local playgrounds since March will finally come down.Last Tuesday, a group of two dozen state lawmakers sent a letter to Governor Gavin Newsom asking him to create clear guidelines for reopening. San Diego Mayor Kevin Faulconer tweeted his support for the letter.A recent report from the American Academy of Pediatrics reinforced guidelines that say kids 3-5 years old should get three hours of physical activity every day. Kids 6-17 need at least one hour.Doctors, however, still urge caution."Playgrounds are gold mines for transmissions for other diseases," says Dr. Christian Ramers, an Infectious Disease Specialist at Family Health Centers of San Diego."Kids get runny noses. There's a lot of touching there. Kids are touching everything with their hands. So I think there's uncertainty."READ STATE GUIDANCE BELOWOutdoor Playground Definition:Fully outdoorsPublicly accessibleFree to enter and useOperated by a city, state, county, or federal governmentDesigned primarily to serve nearby residents within a half a mileCan provide State-mandated outdoor space for preschools (which could be scheduled in advance to avoid overlapping use)Typically includes recreational equipment, like play structures, slides, swings, etc. intended to enrich children's physical health and developmentVisitors to outdoor community playgrounds must comply with the following requirements:1. Face masks over the mouth and nose are required for everyone 2 years of age or older with caregiver supervision at all times to ensure face mask use2. Do not use the playground when different households are unable to maintain a physical distance of 6 feet or when the capacity limit of [number of children and number of adults] has been reached3. Caregivers must monitor to keep adults and children from different households at least 6 feet apart4. Consider coming on different times or days to avoid wait times and potential crowded times5. No eating or drinking in playground, to ensure face masks are worn at all times6. Wash or sanitize hands before and after using the playground.7. Elderly and persons with underlying medical conditions should avoid playground when others are present8. Limit visit to 30 min per day when others are presentNote: Facility operators should download and print this flyer to post at all outdoor playgrounds.All playground facilities operators should review and follow these recommendations:1. An adult must actively supervise each child at all times to make sure that children two years of age or older keep their face covering over their nose and mouth and stay 6 feet away from adults and children outside their household.a. Children who are supervised by the same adult must stay together in the same play area or play structure at all times, to allow active supervision.b. If an infant or child requires attention (nursing, diapering) that precludes an adult from actively supervising other children using the playground, the adult should ask the other children to leave the play structure/area and stay by the adult's side until needed care is complete.2. People standing outside the playground, including people waiting to enter the playground, should remain 6 feet away from areas of the playground used by children and adults.3. Maintain six-foot distancing between children and adults from different households including children using or waiting to use play structures or play areas, and families waiting to enter the playground.4. Increase cleaning of frequently touched surfaces, daily as practicable.5. To the extent feasible, provide handwashing stations or sanitizer to facilitate hand hygiene, especially during times of heavy usage. Use a hand sanitizer containing (60% ethanol or 70% isopropanol). Never use hand sanitizers with methanol due to its high toxicity to both children and adults.6. Post the maximum number of children allowed at the entrance of each playground.a. Determine and post the maximum occupancy of each play structure, (e.g., climbing structures, slides, swings, spinning structures, and sand areas) with 6 foot vertical and horizontal distancing.b. Determine and post the maximum occupancy for supervising adults to ensure that each adult can maintain six feet of distance from other adults and children.c. Provide directions on how to wait in line when maximum playground occupancy has been reached.7. Mark playgrounds to help children and adults maintain 6 foot distancing.a. Mark spaces for families to stand while waiting to enter the playground. The spaces should be far enough apart to allow 6 feet of distance between households.b. For play structures or play areas that can hold more than one child while allowing 6 foot distancing:i. Post the maximum number of children allowed on each structure/in each area to allow 6 foot distancing vertically and horizontally.ii. For play structures or areas that can hold more than 1 child, consider marking with tape or other visual indicators to help children assess whether they are 6 feet apart.c. Mark designated spaces 6 feet apart for children to stand while waiting to use a play structure/area.Additional ConsiderationsIf there is a pre-scheduled activity that will access the playground, the playground must be closed to the broader public during that time.Child care programs, schools, out-of-school time programs and other programs for children and youth where children must remain in cohorts may not use playgrounds during times when they are open to the public. However, if the playground operator permits, the childcare, school or other program may reserve a time for the exclusive use of the playground by the program. While on the playground, cohorts should maintain separation and avoid mixing. 7063

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) — The celebration of something near and dear to many San Diegans' hearts kicks off this week.American Craft Beer Week runs from May 13 - 19, inviting communities of craft brewers across the U.S. to celebrate the craft culture. The week began in 2006, when the Brewers Association wanted to make American Beer Month (traditionally in July) a week-long effort before summer beer season.In San Diego, there's no shortage of enthusiasm for the craft beer industry. The region is home to more than 150 craft beer breweries, from "Beer-amar" (Miramar) to "Hops Highway" (from Oceanside through Escondido), according to the San Diego Brewers Guild.BREW NEWS: Get all your San Diego brewery news on the 10News What's Brewing pageThat means local breweries have plenty of events through the week perfect for enjoying the unofficial holiday:May 13Pizza Party Mondays @ Second Chance Beer Company: Visit the North Park brewery for a pint and free slice of pizza.May 14Throwback movie & sushi night @ Kensington Brewing Company: Enjoy a screening of Forrest Gump with a brew from Kensington Brewing and sushi from Sushi Uno.May 15New beer release @ Eppig Brewing: Visit Eppig Brewing for the introduction of their new Maibock lager, with notes of graham cracker pie crust and toffee, and citrus and stone fruit hops.Maker's Market @North Park Beer Co.: Sip on tasty brews and check out goods from local, small businesses.May 16New beer release @ Pure Project: Be on hand for the release of Pure Project's Searchlight Casting, with notes of Citra, Santiam, and Meridian hops.Waterfront beer run @ Eppig Brewing: Tackle a run along Shelter Island from Eppig Brewing and enjoy off pints when you're finished.May 18Hops, Hash, & Hip-hop Brunch @ North Park Beer Co.: Start your day with some Biggie and brunch, featuring a full menu and beers to pair, mimosas, and the brewery's signature "brew-tails."New beer release @ Thorn Brewing Co.: Brewed in collaboration with Modern Times Brewery, Thorn St. releases Super Kaleidoscope Hazy Triple IPA, featuring notes of mango, pomelo, and tangelo.Summer kickoff party @ Green Flash Brewing Co.: Kick off summer with Green Flash's Passion Fruit Kicker and enjoy music, games, gourmet ice cream treats, and more at the Mira Mesa tasting room.Beer & ceviche pairing @ Societe Brewing Company: Enjoy four takes on ceviche from The Food Seed Food Company paired with Societe brews at this special tasting event.Sculpt night @ 32 North Brewing Co.: Sculpt your very own conquistador under the guidance of artists at I Sculpt U. Materials and tools to sculpt will be provided.May 19FreeMartin @ Barrel Harbor: Enjoy brews at Barrel Harbor to tune supplied by the band FreeMartin and food from Pinsarella Italia.Summer succulent workshop @ Green Flash Brewing Co.: Take part in a hands-on event decorating and learning how to care for your own summer succulent arrangement. 2922

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) - Students in the San Diego Continuing Education welding class have found their own unique way to honor the legacy of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.They're building a scale replica of the Liberty Bell to enter as a float in this year's MLK Day Parade."The parade theme, every year, is Let Freedom Ring," says instructor Mike Bradbury. "So you have to come up with something that revolves around Let Freedom Ring."Recreating the Liberty Bell seemed like a natural fit, as it echos Dr. King's call for liberty and freedom."We talked about what that means to all Americans, not just a certain race," says Bradbury. "So they get to learn a lot of different aspects of what the man, Martin Luther King, stood for."They also learn about project management from a welding perspective. Students say it was a good way to break up the tedium of every day classes."This is a real world project," says second semester student Josh Zazueta. "We have a deadline. We have a budget.""With regular welding, there is problem solving," says student Donasia Brown. "But with this, it's about encountering issues and all of us saying how we're going to solve this together."The bell itself is quite an undertaking. It required more than 10,000 welding notches and about a mile of wiring to build. Students say they can't wait to see it roll down the road during Sunday's parade."It's definitely an honor to work on a project like this," says Brown.The Parade is from 2 p.m.-5 p.m. on Sunday, and it begins in front of the County Administration Building downtown.For more information about the parade, or to find out how to watch it live, click here. 1649

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