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BERLIN, Jan. 17 (Xinhua) -- Researchers in Germany have found a cheap and easy way to synthesize anti-malaria drug in large quantities from waste materials, said the Max Planck Society on Tuesday.Currently there are nearly one million people die worldwide each year due to lack of effective drugs, as sweet wormwood, from which artemisinin, the effective essence to fight malaria can be extracted, only grows in China, Vietnam and a few other countries.However, researchers in Germany have now developed a simple process for the synthesis of artemisinin in laboratory, using artemisinic acid, a substance contained in the by-product, or waste materials of the isolation of artemisinin from sweet wormwoods, as row materials of synthesizing artemisinin."The production of the drug is therefore no longer dependent on obtaining the active ingredient from plants," said Peter Seeberger, director at the Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces in Potsdam and professor at Free University of Berlin.The artemisinic acid in the waste material boasts a volume 10 times greater than the active ingredient itself, said Seeberger, and they could be turned into artemisinin in four and a half minutes in a so-called continuous-flow reactor.Seeberger estimated that 800 of the reactors would be enough to cover the global requirement for artemisinin, and the whole innovative synthesis process could be ready for technical use in three to six months.Malaria is a disease caused by parasites that are transmitted to people through the bites of infected mosquitoes. In 2010, malaria caused an estimated 655,000 deaths, mostly among African children.

CANBERRA, Oct. 15 (Xinhua) -- Prisoners and health experts on Saturday told national broadcasting network ABC News that they are concerned of a looming HIV epidemic in Australia's prisons.The warning came following a test report undertaken in August showed that 40 percent of inmates at a correctional center in Canberra of Australia tested positive to Hepatitis C.According to the head of the Alcohol and Drug Service based at St Vincent's Hospital in Sydney, Alex Wodak, roughly 25 percent of Australia's prison population are injecting drugs, and he is concerned about the risk of an HIV explosion in Australia originating in prisons."Were Australia to have an epidemic of HIV beginning among people who inject drugs, it is almost certain that it would begin in one of our prisons. So we are very exposed to this risk," he told ABC News on Saturday.The Australia Capital Territory state government has proposed a trial prison needle exchange program in Canberra's correctional center, and Paul Cubitt, who currently works at the Alexander Maconochie Center in Canberra, said he has never seen so many syringes in a jail."Under a controlled regime it will actually take those needles that currently exist within a correctional center out of the environment, and prisoners will be more willing to use a clean item under a level of anonymity which then protects them and protects staff," he said.Meanwhile, The Community and Public Sector Union 's national secretary, Nadine Flood, agrees action must be taken to curb prisoner drug use.Dr Wodak noted that prison needle exchange programs have been operating overseas for over a decade with ten countries provide inmates with clean needles, and said it is shameful Australian prisons are lagging behind.

SHIJIAZHUANG, Dec. 3 (Xinhua) -- More than 3.48 million people in rural areas of north China's Hebei Province have been given access to safe drinking water this year, a local official said Saturday.Authorities in the province have invested more than 1.7 billion yuan (270 million U.S. dollars) so far in 2011 in building drinking water infrastructure, said Liang Jianyi, deputy director of the Hebei Provincial Department of Water and Resources.More than 32 million rural people in Hebei, especially in mountainous and coastal areas, had long suffered from unsafe water, with problems including high fluorine and alkaline contents, Liang said.From 2005 to 2010, the provincial authorities put almost 6 billion yuan into providing safe drinking water for 13 million rural residents, he added.

来源：资阳报