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WASHINGTON, Nov. 14 (Xinhua) -- Vitamin D levels are significantly lower in patients with recurrent inflammatory spinal cord disease, according to a study published online Monday in Archives of Neurology.Vitamin D is a steroid vitamin that promotes the intestinal absorption and metabolism of calcium and phosphorus. In recent years, low levels of vitamin D have been linked to a variety of autoimmune conditions, including multiple sclerosis (MS). However, the importance of vitamin D in monophasic or recurrent non-MS spinal cord diseases including transverse myelitis and neuromyelitis optica is unknown, according to background information in the article.Transverse myelitis (TM) is a disease of the spinal cord in which there is involvement of the myelin sheath that protects nerve fibers; symptoms include back pain and weakness in the legs. Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is a disease of the central nervous system that affects the optic nerves and spinal cord.Maureen Mealy, of Johns Hopkins University and colleagues investigated the association between low serum vitamin D levels and recurrent spinal cord disease. They analyzed data on vitamin D levels among 77 patients with monophasic (having only one phase or stage) and recurrent inflammatory diseases of the spinal cord, adjusting for season, age, sex, and race. The study found that vitamin D levels were significantly lower in patients who developed recurrent spinal cord disease."Our findings suggest that there may be an association between lower total 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels in patients with recurrent TM/NMO/ spectrum disorders as compared with their counterparts with monophasic disease," the authors report. They suggest that future studies are needed to further assess the relationship between vitamin D and recurrent spinal cord disease.

WASHINGTON, Dec. 20 (Xinhua) -- NASA's Kepler mission has discovered the first Earth-size planets orbiting a sun-like star outside our solar system, the U.S. space agency announce Tuesday.The planets, called Kepler-20e and Kepler-20f, are too close to their star to be in the so-called habitable zone where liquid water could exist on a planet's surface, but they are the smallest exoplanets ever confirmed around a star like our sun, according to NASA.The discovery marks the next important milestone in the ultimate search for planets like Earth. The new planets are thought to be rocky. Kepler-20e is slightly smaller than Venus, measuring 0.87 times the radius of Earth. Kepler-20f is slightly larger than Earth, measuring 1.03 times its radius. Both planets reside in a five-planet system called Kepler-20, approximately 1, 000 light-years away in the constellation Lyra.Kepler-20e orbits its parent star every 6.1 days and Kepler-20f every 19.6 days. These short orbital periods mean very hot, inhospitable worlds. Kepler-20f, at 800 degrees Fahrenheit, is similar to an average day on the planet Mercury. The surface temperature of Kepler-20e, at more than 1,400 degrees Fahrenheit, would melt glass."The primary goal of the Kepler mission is to find Earth-sized planets in the habitable zone," said Francois Fressin of the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, lead author of a new study published in the journal Nature. "This discovery demonstrates for the first time that Earth-size planets exist around other stars, and that we are able to detect them."The Kepler-20 system includes three other planets that are larger than Earth but smaller than Neptune. Kepler-20b, the closest planet, Kepler-20c, the third planet, and Kepler-20d, the fifth planet, orbit their star every 3.7, 10.9 and 77.6 days. All five planets have orbits lying roughly within Mercury's orbit in our solar system. The host star belongs to the same G-type class as our sun, although it is slightly smaller and cooler.

BEIJING, Jan. 5 (Xinhua) -- The U.S. Secretary of Treasury Timothy Geithner will visit China from Jan. 10 to 11 as a special representative of the U.S. President Barack Obama, Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesman Hong Lei announced on Thursday.Timothy Geithner's visit is at the invitation of Chinese Vice Premier Wang Qishan, said Hong.Chinese top leaders will meet with Timothy Geithner and exchange views with him on issues concerning Sino-US economical relations and the world's economic and financial situations, Hong said.

RIO DE JANEIRO, Oct. 21 (Xinhua) -- Representatives from 120 countries attending the WHO's World Conference on Social Determinants of Health on Friday pledged to maintain investments in healthcare to reduce social gap.A statement adopted at the conference urged governments to maintain international collaboration and promote equal access to healthcare regardless of wealth.Brazilian Health Minister Alexandre Padilha said the economic woes in many countries cannot be a reason to "diminish" their social policies."The crisis cannot be an obstacle, instead it must be an opportunity to consolidate social policies," he said.Brazilian Foreign Minister Antonio Patriota said at the conference that health was an issue related to sustainable development, which will be discussed at the UN's Rio +20 Conference in 2012."The conference that ended today is an important step toward Rio +20," he said.

BEIJING, Dec. 29 (Xinhua) -- China on Thursday issued a white paper on the development of space industry since 2006 and the major tasks for the next five years.The white paper titled "China's Space Activities in 2011" was the third white paper on the country's space activities issued by the State Council Information Office, following the one in 2000 and another in 2006.The Chinese government has made the space industry an important part of the nation's overall development strategy and adhered to exploration and utilization of outer space for peaceful purposes, the white paper said.Over the past few years, China has ranked among the world's leading countries in certain major areas of space technology, it said, adding that in the next five years, there will be new opportunities to the country's space industry.At the same time, China will work together with the international community to maintain a peaceful and clean outer space and endeavor to promote world peace and development, the document said.FUTURE MISSIONSMajor tasks listed in the white paper for the next five years include space transportation system, Earth satellites, human spaceflights and deep-space exploration.The country will launch the Shenzhou-9 and Shenzhou-10 spaceships and achieve unmanned or manned rendezvous and docking with the in-orbit Tiangong-1 vehicle, the paper said.China also plans to launch space laboratories, manned spaceship and space freighters, and will start a research on the preliminary plan for a human landing on the moon, the document said.As an important part of deep-space exploration, the country's lunar probe projects follow the idea of "three steps" -- orbiting, landing and returning.In next five years, the country plans to launch orbiters for lunar soft landing, roving and surveying to implement the second stage of lunar exploration, then it will start the third-stage project of sampling the moon's surface matters and get those samples back to Earth, the white paper said.In addition, China will build a space infrastructure frame composed of Earth observation satellites, communications and broadcasting satellites, plus navigation and positioning satellites.MAJOR PROGRESSAccording to the white paper, breakthroughs have been made in major space projects, including human spaceflight and lunar exploration, since 2006.From Sept. 25 to 28, 2008, China successfully launched the Shenzhou-7 manned spaceship and became the third country in the world to master the key technology of astronaut space extravehicular activity.In November 2011, China accomplished the first unmanned space rendezvous and docking test between the Tiangong-1 space lab module and Shenzhou-8 spaceship.In addition, the country's lunar probe projects have achieved milestone breakthroughs over the past five years. China successfully launched two lunar probes, the Chang'e-1 on Oct. 24, 2007, and Chang'e-2 on Oct. 1, 2010.The first probe retrieved a great deal of scientific data and a complete map of the moon while the second created a full higher-resolution map of the moon and a high-definition image of Sinus Iridium.

来源：资阳报