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Could the no-calorie sweetener you rely on to replace sugar in your diet actually cause weight gain instead of the weight loss you were expecting?The answer may be yes, according to a new study."Artificial sweeteners are not risk-free," said Brian Hoffmann, assistant professor in the Department of Biomedical Engineering at the Medical College of Wisconsin and Marquette University, and a lead author of the study. "They are a very controversial topic when it comes to health and nutrition ... but they're so prevalent in society that I think we owe it to ourselves to try and figure out what's actually going on."Hoffmann presented his new research Sunday at the annual?Experimental Biology meeting in San Diego. Relying on rats and human cell cultures, his team identified a number of pathways linking artificial sweeteners with metabolic changes at the genetic level that could lead to diabetes and obesity. Specifically, the researchers found that three weeks of exposure to aspartame and acesulfame potassium -- two artificial sweeteners frequently combined in products such as Equal -- altered the expression of certain genes responsible for lipid metabolism in the cells of both rats and humans."Aspartame had some significant changes, and one of those was an increase in lipids in the bloodstream and a decrease in a biomolecule that is involved in clearing (lipids) from the bloodstream. And we saw the exact same thing with the acesulfame potassium," Hoffmann said."We then took those particular sweeteners and put them on endothelial cells -- the cells that line the blood vessels and would be exposed to them in the body -- and we detected a marked dysfunction, suggesting why sweeteners and diet soda have been linked to potential cardiovascular problems," he added.What was perhaps most surprising, according to Hoffmann, was that these metabolic changes did not occur in the presence of natural sugars such as glucose and fructose. This suggests that artificial sweeteners could contribute to metabolic disorders such as diabetes and obesity by an entirely different mechanism than natural sugars, he said.Artificial sweeteners appear to contribute to metabolic disorders by altering the activity of certain genes responsible for the breakdown of macromolecules such as fats and proteins, Hoffmann said. This is different from normal sugars, which contribute to cardiovascular disease through insulin resistance and by damaging the cells lining the body's blood vessels."People are generally consuming non-nutritive sweeteners believing they are a 'healthy choice,' but this may not be true," said research scientist Meghan Azad of the University of Manitoba in Winnipeg, who was not involved in the new study."This is especially important given the widespread and increasing consumption of artificial sweeteners in the general population and the increasing use of artificial sweeteners in our food supply," said Azad, who has authored a paper that reviewed a number of studies on the potential downside of artificial sweeteners on weight and health.According to Azad, over 40% of adult Americans consume no-cal sweeteners on a daily basis, and studies that measure the sweeteners in blood and urine show that many people who report not using artificial sweeteners are unknowingly consuming them.It's the latest assault in the ongoing debate over artificial sweeteners and their impact on health -- a debate that began when one of our most popular foods, sugar, turned sour in terms of health. 3527

Customers are still sitting down for a cold beer at Joyride Brewing in Edgewater, Colorado.“We always talk about stopping and smelling the hops. It’s all about the joy ride of life,” said Grant Babb, the owner of Joyride Brewing.That’s despite new state rules that state bars must serve food to stay open, and Joyride doesn't serve food.“It makes you lose a little sleep at night, not knowing every day when you wake up if you have to do something different. It’s trying to shoot at a bullseye and just watching it constantly move,” said Babb.Babb had to make arrangements with multiple food trucks and the restaurant down the street to stay open. That’s because the recent spike in COVID-19 cases has led the state to put its economic restart plans on hold.“In our case, we schedule out food trucks about a month and a half in advance, and we’re working with only the food trucks we’re trusted partners with,” said Babb.Colorado isn’t the only state backtracking due to the surge. According to a tracker from the New York Times, 15 states are pausing plans to reopen and six are reversing course and shutting some things back down.Arizona is one of those states where bars, gyms, and theaters have been ordered closed once again. Restaurants there fear the same might happen to them soon if new COVID-19 cases aren’t curbed.“You can’t simply turn off and turn on a restaurant operation,” said Steve Churci, the head of the Arizona Restaurant Association. He says the toll of shutting down those businesses for a second time would be crushing.“If you were to shut down, what happens to the suicide rate? Does that go up? What happens to the homelessness rate, people losing their homes? So, there’s a whole other sad and unfortunate contingent that would be impacted by this,” said Churci.Churci says service industry workers employ almost a quarter-million people and the state has lost 5 million in revenue from food sales. He says in a normal year, US restaurants sell 0 billion worth of food.“Almost a trillion-dollar industry. So, we often say we’re the cornerstone of our communities. We’re the heart and soul of America in the restaurant industry, and we are,” said Churci. For Joyride, the losses have been heavy as well.“We, we’re down 80 percent in the month of March, April, May. And then June, we’re still seeing a significant decrease, we’re down definitely 40 percent,” said Babb. For Babb, the money hurt, but letting his staff go was harder.“It’s the most painful thing you can do is tell an employee that we don’t have any work for you,” he said.He says it will hurt even more if he has to send his staff home again. 2647

COLORADO SPRINGS, Colo. – A 2-year-old boy who was found early Sunday morning following a statewide search prompted by an Amber Alert has died, a family member has confirmed.Nain Dominguez, 2, was found at around 7:18 a.m. and was hospitalized with life-threatening injuries, according to an official with the El Paso County Sheriff's Office. He was later pronounced dead despite medical intervention, the sheriff's office said in a statement. Details about where the boy was found, or how he sustained those injuries, were not immediately provided by investigators. Biridiana Dominguez, the boy's sister, said the boy "brought a lot of joy to our family." She went on to thank the community and police for their help in finding her little brother. Boy's disappearance prompts statewide searchThe search for Dominguez began at around 5:41 p.m., when deputies received a report that the boy was last seen with an older sibling near Stratmoor Hill Trailhead Park.It would take nearly four hours for Coloradans across the state to be alerted that the toddler was missing via an Amber Alert that was sent out just before 9:30 p.m.Initially, El Paso County deputies reported the boy was last seen being carried by a suspect into a large, white panel van with now windows in the back in the area near 1215 Fountain Road in Colorado Springs.But just after midnight Sunday, both El Paso County deputies and the National Center for Missing and Exploited Children said they no longer believed the van and suspect information initially provided were related to the toddler’s disappearance. 1656

CLEARWATER, Fla. — The State Attorney's Office for Florida's Sixth Judicial District has reviewed the controversial 'stand your ground' case into the death of Markeis McGlockton and has decided to file a manslaughter charge.An arrest warrant was issued on Monday morning and Pinellas County detectives arrested Michael Drejka. He is being booked into the Pinellas County Jail and bond has been set at 0,000.McGlockton, 28, was shot and killed on July 19 by Drejka, 47, outside of a convenience store in Clearwater, Florida. The shooting stemmed from a dispute over a handicap parking spot between Drejka and McGlockton's girlfriend. Pinellas County Sheriff Bob Gualtieri said, "I support the State Attorney's decision and will have no further comment as the case continues to work its way through the criminal justice system."Drejka has a concealed carry license.Statement from Attorney Ben Crump in response to Michael Drejka being charged with manslaughter: 995

COLUMBIA, S.C. (AP) — Wednesday marks five years since nine black worshipers were killed in a racist attack at a church in Charleston, South Carolina.The white supremacist shooter, Dylan Roof, targeted his victims because of the color of their skin. He was later convicted on murder and hate crime charges. He was sentenced to death and is awaiting execution at a federal prison in Indiana.The massacre at Mother Emanuel AME church on June 17, 2015, led South Carolina leaders to remove the Confederate flag from the capitol lawn.But as the U.S. is roiled again by more shocking deaths of African Americans, South Carolina isn't removing more monuments of historical figures who repressed or oppressed blacks.Republican leaders like House Speaker Jay Lucas said in 2015 they would not consider any more changes after the Confederate flag came down and have kept their word. And state law protects monuments without a two-thirds vote of the Legislature.To mark the anniversary of the massacre, the people behind the documentary “Emanuel” will hold a discussion about racial justice. The movie explores the shooting and race relations in the port city that once served as a gateway to the slave trade.Producers Mariska Hargitay and Viola Davis will be part of the discussion, and U.S. House Majority Whip Jim Clayborn will host the event, The Post and Courier reports.The discussion will be streamed live on Facebook starting at 6 p.m. ET Tuesday and the film is available to watch online for free here until June 23. 1523

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