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Researchers have determined there are five kinds of cat owners, when it comes to their feelings about their felines roaming and hunting outside.Outdoor cats can be a danger to birds, rodents and small reptiles, and also create dangers for themselves from disease, larger predators and traffic.Researchers at the University of Exeter in the United Kingdom are trying to bring awareness to the downsides of cat outdoor roaming and the impact on wildlife, and published part of their ongoing study. They note that several attempts have been made to address the issues, including reducing the cat population, regulating ownership and restricting feline outdoor access.“Such proposals rarely account for cat owners’ perspectives, however, and are frequently met with strong, principled opposition,” the study’s authors wrote.They found cat owners fell into five “types”:Concerned Protectors focus on cat safety. They are most worried about their pet’s safety outside and would feel guilty if the cat died while roaming. They are likely to keep their cats inside most of the time if not permanently.Freedom Defenders prioritize cat independence and natural instincts, “like a wild animal,” and oppose restrictions on behavior. They believe keeping cats inside is cruel, and that any of the risks of being outside are outweighed by the benefits. They generally are not bothered by their cat’s hunting and some expressed pride in their pet’s hunting abilities.Tolerant Guardians believe outdoor access is important for cats but dislike their hunting and are more likely to bring their cat inside at night. Generally, this group of cat owners try to rescue prey captured by their cats, accepting that their pet is a “carnivorous wild creature” while saving all wildlife.Conscientious Caretakers feel some responsibility for managing their cats’ hunting. They are worried about their cat’s roaming, and the impact on birds and other smaller creatures. This group generally believes cats require outdoor access, but are not opposed to confinement. They are open to hunting-control measures that owners can take.Laissez‐faire Landlords were largely unaware of the issues surrounding roaming and hunting behavior. This group generally is concerned their pet may be stolen, get killed in traffic or get lost if outside roaming. They also have never thought about the effect their cat has on wildlife outside. They also believe belled collars are an effective way to manage their cat’s hunting.The large majority of study participants also felt that cats should be allowed outside at least some of the time. The study’s authors note that four of the five groups viewed hunting to be negative and may be open to more information about how to limit their pet’s predation.They recommend policymakers stay away from “blanket restrictions” and instead work with cat owners on strategies. “Identifying, refining, and promoting viable management tools and alternatives may be a more constructive approach to resolving this issue than regulation,” the study concludes. 3053

Race favorite Justify, ridden by Mike Smith, won the 144th Kentucky Derby on a sloppy track at Louisville's Churchill Downs on Saturday.Justify is trained by Bob Baffert, who now has five Derby wins.Good Magic finished second, just ahead of Audible. The winning time was 2:04.20.Justify, the 5-2 favorite, became the first Derby winner in 136 years that did not race as a 2-year-old. The chestnut colt has won all four starts as a 3-year-old. 450

Racially charged protests across the world recently have sparked curiosity about racism and black history. It's created a demand some book stores weren't necessarily prepared for."On June 1 was the day that our internet sales just blew up," Debra Johnson with Matter Design Studio and Shop said. "Every black author title we had was sold out in about two hours."Debra Johnson and Rick Griffith are partners in running Matter Design Studio in Denver, Colorado."Matter was founded in 1999," Griffith said.In 2017, they decided to start selling books, but not just any books fill their store."Every book on these shelves has in some way changed our lives, or changed the lives of our children, or participated in our lives," Griffith said.On this day, they had just received boxes of books, mostly for online orders."Almost immediately when George Floyd was murdered, we had increased demand in books on anti-racist action," Griffith said. "Then it started rolling into demand on other topics as well that were related."The books were on anti-racism, racism, black history, and white rage, among other topics."It's like science. Learning about blackness is like science. You might understand some general principles, and you might even experience some things like gravity, but how many people can explain gravity? They can experience it, but they can't explain it. And race kind of works like that," he explained.As protests took place across the world, many were urged and inspired to educate themselves on the issues that led to the unrest. Stories about America's history of racism were shared across social media, as well as lists of books on Black history, books by Black authors, and where to find Black-owned bookstores."This is a similar phenomenon to I think what happened in the 1960s and 70's that I wrote about, and also in the early 1990's which is when there are intense periods of protest," Joshua Clark Davis, an Assistant Professor of History at the University of Baltimore said. "That fuels a drive by a lot of people, especially a lot of white people, who say I need to learn more about racism. I need to learn more about black culture."Davis is a historian. He wrote a book on the rise and fall of activist entrepreneurs, where he discusses the role Black-owned bookstores play, not just in Black history, but in American history."Going all the way back to the very first African American bookstore, which was in New York in the 1850's I believe, owned by a man named David Ruggles. He was an abolitionist," he said. "Black bookstores have always had a very tight connection with social movements, with activist movements. I think that's what we're seeing now.""We are activists by nature," Griffith said.From "vote" posters to sharing personal experiences through social media, Griffith and Johnson have always been involved."We've always been very tied into activism and our community," Johnson said.While fulfilling online orders, which helped them get by while shops were closed due to the coronavirus, the events that unfolded in May and June hit home for both of them."When George Floyd was murdered, not only did my black family have a great deal of trauma, we had to figure out how to heal. How they could heal," Johnson said."In some ways, it feels very normal for us to be in this struggle. In a very real way with a lot more people. And I love that there are a lot more people to work with, so many human beings who want the same thing. I think it's possible we can make some change," Griffith said. 3535

President Donald Trump will headline the Republican National Convention Thursday night, the fourth and final night of the event.The president’s live speech Thursday night will be “hopeful,” according to his son-in-law and presidential advisor Jared Kushner. Kushner told CNBC Thursday morning the administration is “making great progress” on a coronavirus vaccine. 372

President Donald Trump's legal team is preparing to respond to special counsel Robert Mueller regarding the possibility of an interview, Rudy Giuliani told CNN Monday.Giuliani, one of Trump's lawyers, would not characterize the response. He's recently suggested that Trump and his lawyers would be making a final decision soon, but other sources have said the coming response would likely be another effort to counter the latest from Mueller and not a final offer.CNN reported last week that Mueller has offered to reduce the number of obstruction-related questions Trump would be asked by investigators. The President's lawyers had previously offered the special counsel written answers to obstruction questions and limiting the interview to matters before his presidential inauguration, which are largely confined to collusion.The special counsel indicated an interview with the President would include obstruction questions, but did cede that some answers on topics could be in writing. Trump's lawyers -- who are not in favor of any interview despite the President saying he wants to set the record straight with special counsel -- are seeking to limit the interview to collusion topics.The-CNN-Wire 1211

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