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BEIJING, Feb. 21 (Xinhua) -- With Chinese banks' record new lending in 2009 igniting fears about asset bubbles and bad loan, the banking regulator's latest rules aim to bring financial risk under control.The new directives order banks to focus on loan quality control, rather than quantity restriction, and aim to make loans flow to the real economy -- rather than the property and stock markets, which are susceptible to asset bubble formation.Analysts say the directives are a smart way to handle the policy dilemma the central bank faced: with inflationary pressures growing after increased money supply, how can monetary policy be tightened without hurting the fragile economic recovery?The China Banking Regulatory Commission (CBRC) issued new regulations on Saturday evening telling banks to set lending quotas after "prudent calculation" of borrowers' "actual demand".It also reiterated working capital should not finance fixed-asset investment and equity stakes. The new rules also ask lenders to give funds directly to the end user declared by the borrower, instead of directly giving it to the debtor, in an effort to ensure loans are used for their declared purpose.Execution of the directives will help banks exit the "credit stimulus spree", as they pay more attention to risk control. The directives are crucial for the banks' sustainable expansion, said Yu Xiaoyi, analyst with Guangfa Securities.Loose oversight and easy monetary policy have led to many banks developing the bad habit of being excited about loan extension but indifferent to the tracking of loan use, which can result in credit appropriation, an unnamed insider told Xinhua.That allowed many Chinese enterprises to borrow much more than they needed in order to speculate with various types of investment, even though they had ample funds on hand for their routine business operations.In support of the government's 4-trillion yuan stimulus package, Chinese banks lent an unprecedented 9.6 trillion yuan in 2009, nearly half of 2009 gross domestic product.Researchers said that large amounts of the borrowed funds went into property and stock market speculation, further pushing up soaring house prices and further inflating asset bubbles.According to official data released by CBRC, some regions reported two to three percent of funds were misappropriated.Wang Kejin, an official with the Supervision Rules and Regulation Department of CBRC, told Xinhua "the current working capital and individual loans exceeded real market demand,"The inadequate monitoring of loan use demands improvement, otherwise creditors will suffer losses and systemic risks will build, the CBRC said in a statement on its website."Our purpose was to prevent it happening," the statement said.Ba Shusong, a researcher with the Development Research Center of the State Council, China's cabinet, said the new rules will further strengthen credit risk controls and put a "brake" on lending and keep the financial system in good health,Guo Tianyong, a professor with the Central University of Finance and Economics, said the new directive will prevent systemic risk after the rapid expansion in credit.Although the CBRC and the nation's central bank have repeatedly warned banks to maintain an even pace in lending growth and to avoid big fluctuations, new yuan loans hit a massive 1.39 trillion yuan in January, as banks scrambled to lend before an expected tightening in credit later in the year.CBRC chairman Liu Mingkang said on Jan. 27 the Chinese government is aiming to restrict credit supply to 7.5 trillion yuan (about 1.1 trillion U.S.dollars) in 2010.Analysts expect short-term loans to fall significantly on account of tougher lending requirements that prevent businesses using new loans to repay old credit, a phenomena rampant when bill financing with 180-day maturity comprised nearly half of new loans in the first quarter of 2009.To soak up the excess liquidity on the heels of lending spree, China has raised the deposit reserve requirement ratio (RRR) twice this year, after holding it steady for over a year, to handle the "comparatively loose liquidity" while keeping the "moderately easy" monetary policy unchanged.Jing Ulrich, Chairman of China Equities and Commodities at JP Morgan Chase, estimated China's new lending would fall 17 percent this year as the government takes steps to prevent inflation."While lending support for real economic activity is expected to continue, banks are likely to be more vigilant on shorter term credit facilities, given the regulator's anxiety over asset bubbles and capital adequacy ratios," she said.

BEIJING, March 11 (Xinhua) -- China's February consumer price index (CPI), a main gauge of inflation, is still within normal range, although the figure surged higher than expected last month.CPI rose 2.7 percent year on year in February, 1.2 percentage points higher than January, driven by a 6.2 percent rise in food prices, the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) said Thursday.Yang Ziqiang, head of the People's Bank of China's Jinan bureau, said the hefty rise is because the Lunar New Year holiday fell in February this year, but in January last year.The Lunar New Year holiday, or Spring Festival, is the most important traditional festival in China for family reunion. People usually spend a lot on food, alcohol, cigarettes and gifts during the period.Yang, also a deputy to the National People's Congress (NPC), China's top legislature, made the sidelines of the ongoing NPC session.China targets a rise of consumer price of around three percent this year, says a government work report delivered by Premier Wen Jiabao at the parliament's annual session on March 5.Yang said severe inflation is unlikely to emerge this year, as market supply still outweighs demand, and government regulation on the real estate industry will help stabilize prices.But he cautioned against the consistent commodity price increases, as the international crude oil prices rebounded to above 80 U.S. dollars a barrel.Li Daokui, a financial professor with the Tsinghua University, said CPI rise exceeds the current one-year deposit interest rate, or 2.25 percent, which will enhance the expectation of interest rate rise.China's CPI ended nine months of decline in November last year, when it rose 0.6 percent, as the economy picked up thanks to the government's stimulus package.However, the unprecedented bank loans last year together with runaway housing prices pushed up fears for inflation and asset bubbles, posing a policy dilemma for the government to balance between sufficient economic growth and containing potential overheating.

CHICAGO, March 17 (Xinhua) -- A stronger RMB would not be a tonic for the U.S. economy or manufacturing and it would be a huge mistake to raise tariffs on imports from China to force a change in the yuan, says a U.S. trade expert on Tuesday.Daniel Griswold is director of the Center for Trade Policy Studies at the Cato Institute, a non-profit public policy research foundation headquartered in Washington, D.C. He is also the author of a new book, Mad about Trade: Why Main Street America Should Embrace Globalization.The trade expert told Xinhua during an exclusive interview, " China has been moving in the right direction since 2005 by allowing the currency to appreciate. Threats from the U.S. government actually make it more difficult for the Chinese government to resume appreciation because it would look as though Beijing was giving in to foreign pressure."Griswold pointed out that a stronger yuan would not be a tonic for the U.S. economy or manufacturing. "China would remain competitive in a broad range of manufactured products even if the yuan were 25 percent higher. The dollar depreciated sharply against the currencies of Canada and the Eruozone after 2002, yet our bilateral deficit with both those regions continued to grow," he added.New York Times' Nobel laureate economist, Paul Krugman, recommended in his latest column that the U.S. impose a 25 percent tariff on Chinese imports unless China appreciates its currency Renminbi. Griswold considers it a huge mistake to raise tariffs on imports from China to force a change in the yuan.Regarding President Barack Obama's new export push to double the U.S. export in the next five years, Griswold believes this goal will raise false expectations.He noted: "The goal will be difficult to realize. It hasn't been done since the 1970s, and that was driven in large part by inflation. It also depends on robust growth abroad, which is beyond the control of even this president. Faster export growth would be good for the U.S. economy, but it will not put much of a dent in high unemployment."When asked what the U.S. government should do to increase its export, the trade expert advised, "the single best policy to promote exports would be for the U.S. government to set a good example by resisting protectionism in our own market."He further explained, "U.S. companies are currently facing sanctions from Mexico, Brazil and other countries because we have failed to live up to our commitments in the WTO and the North American Free Trade Agreement. We are losing export opportunities abroad because Congress has failed to enact trade agreements with South Korea and Colombia, and the administration has failed to exercise leadership in WTO negotiations."In January the U.S. government data showed that the gap between what Americans sell abroad and what they import narrowed unexpectedly. While the usual crowd hailed it as an "improvement," Griswold believes that the numbers point to the slow growth of demand at home and abroad.He said: "We shouldn't read too much into the monthly trade numbers. The smaller-than-expected trade deficit in January could be a warning sign that the economic recovery remains sluggish. Exports were down, and imports down even further."When commenting on the U.S.-China trade relations, Griswold said, "U.S.-China relations remain fundamentally sound. Our commercial relationship is mutually beneficial and among the most important in the world."He further remarked, "American families benefit from affordable consumer products from China, while U.S. companies benefit from exports to China. And all Americans benefit from lower interest rates from Chinese investment in U.S. Treasury bonds." He noted that "the confrontational attitude of the Obama administration is driven almost entirely by domestic politics."Griswold's new book, Mad about Trade: Why Main Street America Should Embrace Globalization, is a spirited defense of free trade which tells the underreported story of how a more global U.S. economy has created better jobs and higher living standards for American workers.Since joining Cato in 1997, Mr. Griswold has authored major studies on globalization, trade, and immigration. He's written articles for major newspapers, appeared on CNBC, C-SPAN, CNN, PBS, and Fox News, and testified before House and Senate committees.

BEIJING, March 10 (Xinhua) -- The Chinese government will adopt stricter measures to boost energy conservation this year to meet the goal set by an important five-year plan, Xie Zhenhua, vice minister of the National Development and Reform Commission, said Wednesday."It's the last and decisive year for us to realize the goals set by our country's 11th Five-Year Plan," Xie said at a press conference on the sidelines of the annual session of the National People's Congress, China's top legislature."The current energy conservation situation lags far behind the goal set in our plan and our task is still formidable," said Xie, one of China's leading negotiators for climate change talks.Under the 11th Five-Year Plan ending this year, China pledged to cut energy consumption per unit of gross domestic product (GDP) by 20 percent, or four percent each year, but consumption fell by a margin much smaller than the set target during the past four years.The per unit GDP energy consumption fell only 14.38 percent from the 2005 level.Xie said the Chinese government will enact a series of measures this year to boost energy conservation, including the introduction of an accountability mechanism for provincial governments and tight control of projects of high energy consumption and high pollution.China announced in November it aimed to reduce the intensity of carbon dioxide emissions per unit of GDP in 2020 by 40 to 45 percent compared with 2005 levels.

STOCKHOLM, March 22 (Xinhua) -- China has made huge contributions in realizing the United Nations Millennium Development Goals (MDG) in access to safe drinking water, said Joakim Harlin, Senior Water Resources Advisor at the United Nations Development Program based in Stockholm on Monday."According to a joint monitoring report issued by the World Health Organization and the United Nations Children's Fund last week, 89 percent of the population of 1.3 billion has access to drinking-water from improved sources, up from 67 percent in 1990, This is a huge contribution to MDG," Harlin said in an interview with Xinhua after a seminar on MDG to mark the World Water Day.Johan Kuylenstierna, Chief Technical Advisor for UN-Water, also commented on China's efforts in addressing the mounting water problems from access to safe drinking water to prevention of water pollution."China is an interesting country because you are facing so many problems, but you are also seriously addressing many of them," Kuylenstierna told Xinhua, adding that when a problem is clearly identified, you take action on trying to mitigate it and address it."China can learn a lot from other countries, but I think we can learn a lot from China too in dealing with various environmental problems," Kuylenstierna said.He also said statistics from 2009 showed that China is the biggest country in investing in renewable energy just in one year, and it has passed the United States."Water quality problem is a major global issue, access to clean water for achieving the MDG. If the water is not clean, it is not useful. This is a global problem. We release about two million tons of waste everyday into our waters," said he.2.2 million children die every year from drinking bad water. Five or six million people in total that is because of the poor quality of water. People die every year from diseases that could actually prevented, according to the UN's statistics.

来源：资阳报