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WASHINGTON, Sept. 26 (Xinhua) -- Older people with low blood levels of vitamin B12 markers may be more likely to have lower brain volumes and have problems with their thinking skills, according to researchers at Rush University Medical Center in Chicago.The results of the study will be published Tuesday in Neurology, the medical journal of the American Academy of Neurology.Foods that come from animals, including fish, meat, especially liver, milk, eggs and poultry are usual sources of vitamin B12.The study involved 121 older residents of the south side of Chicago over the age of 65. They had blood drawn to measure levels of vitamin B12 and B12-related markers that can indicate a B12 deficiency. The same subjects took tests measuring their memory and other cognitive skills.An average of four-and-a-half years later, MRI scans of the participants' brains were taken to measure total brain volume and look for other signs of brain damage.Having high levels of four of five markers for vitamin B12 deficiency was associated with having lower scores on the cognitive tests and smaller total brain volume."Our findings definitely deserve further examination," said Christine Tangney, associate professor at Rush University Medical Center and lead author of the study. "It's too early to say whether increasing vitamin B12 levels in older people through diet or supplements could prevent these problems, but it is an interesting question to explore. Findings from a British trial with B vitamin supplementation are also supportive of these outcomes."On the cognitive tests, the scores ranged from -2.18 to 1.42, with an average of 0.23. For each increase of one micromole per liter of homocysteine -- one of the markers of B12 deficiency -- the cognitive scores decreased by 0.03 standardized units or points.Tangney noted that the level of vitamin B12 itself in the blood was not associated with cognitive problems or loss in brain volume. "Our findings lend support for the contention that poor vitamin B12 status is a potential risk factor for brain atrophy and may contribute to cognitive impairment," said Tangney.

WASHINGTON, June 20 (Xinhua) -- The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) on Monday unveiled in a report a new strategy to meet the challenges posed by rapidly rising imports of FDA- regulated products and a complex global supply chain.The report, titled "Pathway to Global Product Safety and Quality," calls on the agency to transform the way it conducts business and to act globally in order to promote and protect the health of U.S. consumers.According to the report, the FDA will partner with its counterparts worldwide to create global coalitions of regulators focused on ensuring and improving global product safety and quality. The coalitions of regulators will develop international data information systems and networks, and increase the regular and proactive sharing of data and regulatory resources across world markets.The FDA will build in additional information gathering and analysis capabilities with an increased focus on risk analytics and information technology. It increasingly will leverage the efforts of public and private third parties and industry and allocate FDA resources based on risk."FDA regulated imports have quadrupled since 2000. The FDA and our global regulatory partners recognize this new reality and realize we must work proactively and collaboratively to address the challenges we face," FDA Commissioner Margaret Hamburg said in a statement. "The FDA must further collaborate and leverage in order to close the gap between our import levels and our regulatory resources. This report is an important step in ensuring we are able to fulfill our critical public health mission."

WELLINGTON, Sept. 27 (Xinhua) -- New Zealand and Japanese scientists are teaming up to develop healthier foods under two government-funded "functional foods" projects.One project, to be led by New Zealand's Massey University, will work with New Zealand food companies to create and develop a functional food with specific health enhancing effects for menopausal women, New Zealand Science and Innovation Minister Wayne Mapp announced Tuesday.The other project, to be led in New Zealand by Plant and Food Research, would use mass spectrometry to develop a "metabolic atlas" of the chemical composition of allium vegetables, such as onions and garlic, which the horticultural industry could use to develop new food products with health benefits.Mapp said the two research projects would be awarded a total of 1 million NZ dollars (782,000 U.S. dollars) in funding to strengthen collaborative research relationships between New Zealand and Japan, Mapp said."These research projects have strong commercial potential, including through the Japanese market, and so have the potential to benefit our economy," said Mapp."The government is committed to building and strengthening research relationships with other countries that will achieve world-class scientific results and lead to new innovative technologies."The two projects awarded funding under Ministry of Science and Innovation's Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST) funding round focus on functional foods. The ministry and Japan each fund half the cost of each research project awarded funding.

HAVANA, Aug. 15 (Xinhua) -- Cuba's Ministry of Public Health launched an intensive sanitation campaign Monday against the Aedes Aegypti mosquito, which can spread dengue fever.The operation, which is running through Sept. 15, will cover the most vulnerable cities in the country, including the capital Havana and the eastern city Guantanamo.Deputy Health Minister Luis Estruch stressed the importance of the prevention campaign and urged all families to check their houses for mosquitoes each week.Maria Guadalupe Guzman, director of the Pan-American and World Health Organization Cooperation Center for the Study of Dengue and Its Vector at the Pedro Kouri Institute of Tropical Medicine, said the epidemiological situation in the country is stable. However, she warned that an epidemic outbreak is still possible in the island state, given the high temperatures and heavy rains in the eastern areas, and drought in the west.Cuba, along with Chile and Uruguay, are the only Latin American countries where dengue is not endemic.In 1981, the country suffered its worst dengue outbreak in history, which left 158 dead.

SAN FRANCISCO, June 28 (Xinhua) -- Microsoft on Tuesday launched its cloud service Office 365, which was the software giant's answer to competing products from Google and other companies.The service includes on-line versions of Word, PowerPoint, Excel, Outlook and other Office applications, as well as Microsoft 's communication and collaboration tools such as Exchange, SharePoint and Lync.It will allow users to work on files and documents at the same time using instant messaging and video-conferencing."Where does Office meet the cloud? It's Office 365, the absolute best productivity and collaboration service for business around the world," Microsoft CEO Steve Ballmer said at a webcast event.Microsoft said that Office 365 is now available in 40 markets with choices for small and big businesses ranging from 2 to 27 U.S. dollars per user per month.Office 365 will compete directly with the web-based Google Apps, which Google sells for 50 dollars per user per year.Microsoft's service was introduced in beta last year and the company said response was enthusiastic with more than 200,000 organizations signed up and began testing it in a few months."With a few clicks, Office 365 levels the playing field, giving small and midsize businesses powerful collaboration tools that have given big businesses an edge for years," Ballmer said in a statement.