宜宾彩光祛斑后注意事项(宜宾那做的双眼皮好看) (今日更新中)

WASHINGTON, Sept. 12 (Xinhua) -- An enzyme that appears to play a role in controlling the brain's response to nicotine and alcohol in mice might be a promising target for a drug that simultaneously would treat nicotine addiction and alcohol abuse in people, U.S. researchers find.Over the course of four weeks, mice genetically engineered to lack the gene for protein kinase C (PKC) epsilon consumed less of a nicotine-containing water solution than normal mice, and were less likely to return to a chamber in which they had been given nicotine. In contrast, normal mice steadily increased their consumption of nicotine solution while the mice lacking PKC epsilon did not.The study conducted by researchers at the Ernest Gallo Clinic and Research Center, affiliated with the University of California, San Francisco, appeared Monday in the online edition of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.In normal mice, as in humans, nicotine binds to a certain class of nicotinic receptors located on dopamine neurons, which causes dopamine to be released in the brain. Dopamine creates a feeling of enjoyment, and thus prompts a sense of reward. Researchers found that mice lacking PKC epsilon are deficient in these nicotinic receptors.The finding complements earlier research in which researchers found that mice genetically engineered to lack the PKC epsilon enzyme drank less alcohol than normal mice and were disinclined to return to a chamber in which they had been given alcohol."This could mean that these mice might not get the same sense of reward from nicotine or alcohol," said Gallo senior associate director and investigator Robert Messing. "The enzyme looks like it regulates the part of the reward system that involves these nicotinic receptors."The reward system is a complex of areas in the brain that affect craving for nicotine, alcohol and other addictive substances.The next step in the research, said Messing, would be to develop compounds that inhibit PKC epsilon. The ultimate goal, he added, would be medications that could be used "to take the edge off of addiction by helping people get over some of their reward craving."

CHANGSHA, July 17 (Xinhua) -- Chinese State Councilor Liu Yandong has called for more communications in language and culture among the people in China and foreign countries.Liu made the remarks during a meeting with the contestants of the 10th "Chinese Bridge" competition, an international Chinese proficiency competition for foreign college students, which opened Saturday in Changsha, capital of central Hunan Province.The "Chinese Bridge" competition has attracted over 100,000 college students from more than 70 countries over the past ten years, and contestants have improved their Chinese language, experienced the Chinese culture and established deep friendship with others during the competition, Liu said.She said that language is a tool for cultural communications, and linguistic learning and exchanges can promote the mankind's civilization and progress in a broader reach."The Chinese government always encourages the public, especially the youths, to learn foreign languages, and through the learning, they are enlightened on the diversified cultures around the world," she said."This also helps promote the good-will exchanges and cooperation among the Chinese and foreign peoples," she added.Liu said the Chinese government is also making efforts to meet the needs of foreign people to learn the Chinese language. She called on foreign young students to improve their Chinese proficiency and to use the Chinese language as a bridge to fell a real China in a comprehensive way.She expressed her hope that the foreign students will spread the good will and sincerity of the Chinese people to other parts of the world, in order to promote the joint efforts for the peace and prosperity of the world.

BEIJING, July 1 (Xinhuanet) -- China must adopt a holistic approach to addressing food safety challenges connected to the risk of contracting infectious diseases from contact with animals, the World Health Organization (WHO) has said. Peter Ben Embarek, food safety officer at WHO's China office, said the country faces risks connected to the need to produce more meat, eggs and milk to feed its growing population. He said the increased production will ramp up the risk of people being infected by food-borne diseases because of poor slaughtering oversight and the absence of proper surveillance and inspection systems. About 50 percent of pigs in China are slaughtered outside of formal facilities without the inspection of veterinarians or food safety officers. He said poorly trained producers have little or no awareness of food safety or the risk of animal diseases being passed on to humans. Such an environment could lead to the emergence of a new pandemic of influenza. During the past 60 years, 30 percent of the 335 new infectious diseases worldwide were transmitted through food, he said. Yet in many parts of China, public awareness remains low about such things. Xu Aixiang, a 35-year-old resident of Rizhao city in Shandong province, prefers to buy live poultry at local markets. Like many of her neighbors, she takes the chickens she buys home to slaughter them. "I get fresher chickens that are better quality this way," she said. "When vendors sell slaughtered chickens, the meat is no longer fresh and may have had water injected into it to make it heavier." But Ben Embarek cautioned that such live-animal markets are high-risk places for the exchange of viruses and diseases between animals and humans. He said simple and cost-effective measures can be taken to improve such markets' hygiene standards, such as the installation of separate areas to keep live poultry away from customers as well as improving air flow and waste management. Several UN agencies, including the WHO and the Food and Agriculture Organization, called on China to adopt an integrated approach to preventing emerging epidemic diseases and maintaining ecosystem integrity at an event themed "One Health" that convened on Wednesday in Beijing. At the gathering, representatives from the Ministry of Health, the Ministry of Agriculture and the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention shared experiences from efforts to mitigate the H5N1 and H1N1 influenza outbreaks in China and said they were committed to working together in the future. Su Jingliang, an associate professor of preventive veterinary medicine at China Agricultural University, said his lab had detected the outbreak of a new type of flavivirus in ducks that led to a significant fall in egg production at farms in Beijing as well as in Hebei, Jiangxi and Shandong provinces. The pandemic was brought under control in March. No cases of humans contracting the disease have been reported so far but Su said he was concerned about the possibility of farmers becoming infected through close contact and long exposure to sick ducks. He said precautionary measures should be taken in cooperation with the Ministry of Health and other government agencies and checks should be run on people who are at high risk. Xu Wei contributed to this story.

DUBLIN, June 27 (Xinhua) -- The Irish government is aiming to increase internet literacy among older people with the launch of a 1.6 million euro training program, according to a cabinet minister on Monday.The goal of the scheme is to provide basic internet skills to 30,000 elderly people across the country who are less likely engage with the internet themselves.The announcement was made by Irish communications minister Pat Rabbitte at a new computer training facility run by Age Action Ireland, an Irish charity which promotes positive aging and better policies and services for older people.The Irish minister detailed how the training program will help those involved."This scheme will enable thousands of people throughout Ireland, people otherwise likely to be left behind in the knowledge society, to acquire the basic practical know-how to improve their digital skills. In particular this will help older people, those with disabilities, the unemployed and other key target groups. They will learn to use the internet, emails and how to conduct simple on-line transactions," he said."Previous schemes show that learning such basic skills helps people in many ways, giving them new communication options, new opportunities to save money, as well as better access to a wide range of on-line services," he added."We have also seen how such new skills and the opportunities that result from them improve people's confidence and wellbeing. More widespread participation in the knowledge society is a win- win outcome with advantages for citizens, government and the wider economy."

WASHINGTON, June 7 (Xinhua) -- Advanced hepatitis C patients with chronic liver disease may benefit from drinking coffee during treatment, according to a new study published Tuesday in Gastroenterology, the official journal of the American Gastroenterological Association Institute.The study shows that patients who received peginterferon plus ribavirin treatment and who drank three or more cups of coffee per day were two times more likely to respond to treatment than non- drinkers.Among non-drinkers, 46 percent had an early virologic response; 26 percent had no detectable serum hepatitis C virus (HCV) ribonucleic acid at week 20; 22 percent had no detectable serum at week 48; and 11 percent had a sustained virologic response. In contrast, the corresponding proportions for those who drank three or more cups of coffee per day were 73 percent, 52 percent, 49 percent and 26 percent, respectively."Coffee intake has been associated with a lower level of liver enzymes, reduced progression of chronic liver disease and reduced incidence of liver cancer," said Neal Freedman, of the National Cancer Institute and lead author of this study. "Although we observed an independent association between coffee intake and virologic response to treatment, this association needs replication in other studies."Approximately 70 to 80 percent of individuals exposed to HCV become chronically infected. Worldwide, these individuals are estimated to number between 130 and 170 million. Higher coffee consumption has been associated with slower progression of pre- existing liver disease and lower risk of liver cancer. However, the relationship with response to anti-HCV treatment had not been previously evaluated.

来源：资阳报