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BEIJING, Dec. 28 (Xinhuanet) -- China started to run its own satellite positioning system, Beidou, on Tuesday as the country climbed the global tech ladder and challenged the monopoly of the West. Beidou, or Big Dipper, the domestic version of the US Global Positioning System (GPS), started providing navigation, positioning and timing data on a pilot basis to China and the neighboring area for free on Tuesday, Ran Chengqi, director of the China Satellite Navigation Office, said. The system, with 10 orbiting satellites, covers an area from Australia in the south to Russia in the north. Signals can reach the Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region in the west and the Pacific Ocean in the east, Ran said. With six more satellites to be launched next year, the system will cover a wider area and eventually the entire globe by 2020 with a constellation of 35 satellites, he said. The accuracy of the positioning service will also improve as more satellites orbit. During the trial run Beidou can offer positioning to within 25 meters but when the system is officially launched next year accuracy will be enhanced to within 10 meters, he said. With the system operational China is the third member of an elite group, along with the US and Russia, to develop a satellite navigation system. The US spent 20 years and more than billion on the GPS. Completed in 1994, the system has 24 navigation satellites and is widely used around the world. Beidou has its own unique features, Ran said. "It not only tells users where they are and what time it is but also allows users to tell others the information through short messages," Ran said, adding that this feature is being considered by other systems. Russia's Glonass system achieved a 24-satellite constellation in 1996 but succumbed to funding problems. The rebuilding of the Glonass system is almost finished and Russian media reported that the system resumed service earlier this month. The European Union and the European Space Agency are building the Galileo satellite navigation system. Japan and India also intend to build independent regional navigation systems. "Countries build their own systems because owning an independent satellite navigation system is important to economic development and national security," said Pang Zhihao, deputy editor-in-chief of the monthly publication Space International. There have long been concerns that the US might take its dominant GPS offline in certain international emergencies. Ran said that the Beidou system will be "helpful" to national defense. An "independent and controllable" satellite navigation system can guarantee national economic development as well as scientific and industrial strength, he said. China started to reduce its reliance on the GPS in 2000, when it sent an experimental pair of positioning satellites into orbit. But Ran stressed that Beidou is "built for the world", as the compatibility of various systems enhances reliability for users. "If you only use GPS there will be blind spots. But from demonstrations I saw recently, receivers that are compatible with Beidou will overcome these problems," he said. He encouraged enterprises at home and abroad to join the research and development of application terminals compatible with Beidou. The office put a test version of the system's Interface Control Document online on Tuesday, which is a technical document vital for the manufacturing and development of receivers and chips. The prospects for the country's satellite navigation industry look bright, experts said. Analysts estimated that around 2020 the industry's output will reach 0 billion globally, including 400 billion yuan ( billion) to 500 billion yuan from China. According to the 2011 Report on Application of Geosaptial Information in China released on Monday, the number of satellite navigation application terminals in China has grown from less than 100,000 in 2000 to more than 10 million in 2009. The number is expected to reach 340 million by 2015. An insider said a compatible receiver for car use costs 1,600 yuan to 3,000 yuan, higher than a GPS receiver. "Chips supporting both GPS and Beidou systems have been developed, and terminals have been produced. There are no technical hurdles for the industry," said Han Shaowei, CEO of Beijing-based Unicore Communications Inc, a major navigation chip and core component provider. Beidou application terminals have been put into use in vehicles, such as government cars in Guangdong province. Ran said that private terminal makers in Guangdong are testing their receivers on the road, and the products seem stable. "The price of the compatible terminals is expected to be slashed next year," he said.

RIO DE JANEIRO, Dec 15 (Xinhua) -- Brazilian President Dilma Rousseff Thursday signed a law banning smoking in public spaces and tobacco advertising at sale places in his country.Smoking in all enclosed public spaces, defined as free access areas used simultaneously by several people, is forbidden in the new law.It also prohibits tobacco advertising such as posters or banners at sale places. Previously the ban was only imposed on TV, radio and billboards advertising.In addition, the law increases the taxes and establishes minimum prices over the tobacco products to discourage buyers, therefore the cigarettes prices are expected to increase 20 percent in 2012 and 55 percent by 2015.Health warnings are also required on both sides of cigarette packs to alert consumers about the consequences of their smoking habit.The law is welcomed by some anti-smoking groups."In addition to protecting the health of its citizens, Brazil has also set an example for the world," said Matthew Myer, president of Campaign for Tobacco-Free Kids.

DOHA, Jan. 18 (Xinhua) -- Visiting Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao said here Wednesday that the Strait of Hormuz should be kept open under all circumstances and Beijing opposes "any extreme acts" at the strategic passageway."Any extreme acts across the Strait of Hormuz, under whatever circumstances they are taken, are against the common interests and aspiration of the people across the world," Wen told a press conference during his official visit to Qatar.The Chinese premier said that cargo transportation through the strait should be protected because it concerns the interests of the whole humanity.Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao attends a press conference in Doha, capital of Qatar, Jan. 18, 2012.China maintains that the Iranian nuclear issue should be resolved through peaceful means, he said, adding that Beijing supports the political process between Iran and the Iran Six, a diplomatic group made up of the United States, China, Russia, Britain, France and Germany.China firmly opposes Iran producing and possessing nuclear weapons and will work with concerned parties to establish a nuclear-free Middle East, Wen said, while stressing that China will not trade its principles for profits.However, just like many other countries, China has also kept "normal" and "justified" trade with Iran, which should be protected, Wen said, adding that should normal trade not be protected, the normal international order would be disturbed."I am not worried about the the normal trade between China and Iran at all," Wen told reporters.Wen arrived in Doha on Wednesday morning after concluding an official visit to the United Arab Emirates.

BEIJING, Dec. 27 (Xinhua) -- The People's Bank of China (PBOC), China's central bank, announced Tuesday that it is banning local regions, institutions or individuals from setting up gold exchanges apart from the existing Shanghai Gold Exchange and Shanghai Futures Exchange.The country also bans the establishment of any gold trading platforms in other exchanges, a statement on the PBOC website said.The statement said the country has ordered a cease to the building of any new gold exchanges or trading platforms. Those which have opened for business must cease operations.The ban came amid bigger risks in gold trading after some local regions, institutions and individuals grew enthusiastic in setting up gold exchanges and trading platforms in recent years as gold prices soared, which led to a surge of illegal practices due to inadequate management, the statement said.It added the central bank will work with the Shanghai Gold Exchange and Shanghai Futures Exchange to boost the healthy development of the country's gold trading market.

BEIJING, Nov. 25 (Xinhua) -- The BRICS members should make joint efforts to help ease tension in the Middle East and support the region's countries in carrying out political transition and social reconstruction on their own, Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesman Liu Weimin said Friday.Liu made the remarks at a daily press briefing, after Vice Foreign Minister Zhai Jun attended a deputy foreign ministers' conference of the BRICS in the Russian capital of Moscow on Thursday.The BRICS countries' enhanced communication and coordination, joint maintenance of the basic principles of international law, and opposition to foreign armed interference in the region are in line with the common interests of Middle East countries and the international community, Liu said."China will make concerted efforts with the international society, including BRICS members, to make constructive contribution to the Middle East's peace, stability and development," Liu said.The spokesman quoted Zhai Jun as saying at the Moscow conference that the Middle East's situation has a significant impact on international politics, economy and security in addition to the impact on the political and social situations in the region.It conforms with the common interests of the region's countries and the international community for the Middle East to be politically open and inclusive, independent in foreign policy, sustainable in economic development, and peaceful and stable in security matters, Zhai was quoted as saying.Liu Weimin said a joint communique was issued at the Moscow conference. The communique called on various parties to respect the state sovereignty and territorial integrity of the Middle East countries, have extensive dialogues by peaceful means, and make active efforts to seek solutions to the crisis.The BRICS members oppose the interference in the Middle East countries' internal affairs by foreign forces, advocate the positive role of the United Nations Security Council, and urge various parties to strictly observe the authorization of the UN Security Council, according to Liu.BRICS is an acronym for Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa.