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NEW YORK, Dec. 1 (Xinhua) -- New York City Mayor Michael Bloomberg announced on Thursday a new recommendation that doctors offer every person with an HIV diagnosis antiretroviral treatment to help them live longer and prevent transmission.This marks a change from the current practice that treatment only be offered to those who show signs of damage to their immune systems, said the mayor during the annual World AIDS Day commemorative ceremony at Gracie Mansion. "Over the past ten years HIV diagnoses and deaths in New York City have seen a dramatic decline," said Mayor Bloomberg. "Steady progress in our fight against HIV has turned what used to be a death sentence into a disease that can be prevented and, with antiretroviral therapy, managed.The annual death toll from HIV in the city is down by more than a third: 933 deaths in 2009Despite this progress, however, more than 110,000 people in New York City are infected with HIV, more than in any other U.S. city and about 75 percent of all cases in the New York State.Figures from the New York City Health and Hospitals Corporation (HHC) showed that HHC has tested more than one million New Yorkers for HIV since 2005 when the public hospitals and health centers began offering HIV screening as a routine part of medical care for patients aged 13 to 64.

BEIJING, Jan. 21 (Xinhua) -- The State Grid Corporation of China (SGCC), the country's largest electric power transmission and distribution company, said Saturday that the power supply will be sufficient during the upcoming Spring Festival holiday.Thermal power plants currently have 89.34 million tonnes of coal, which is enough for 20 days of power generation.Meanwhile, the country's electricity consumption is expected to fall by 40 percent during the holiday which lasts from Jan. 22 to Jan. 28, as many factories suspend production during the period, SGCC said.The company said it will keep a close eye on the cold weather, strengthen inspections and maintenance of high-voltage grids, and take precautions to minimize the impact of snow and freezing rain on power transmission.

BEIJING, Oct. 8 (Xinhua) -- Authorities hope to innovate social management by restructuring its governmental organ, an official said in an interview with Xinhua and the People's Daily on Saturday.The organ, the Central Committee for Comprehensive Social Management, was renamed and restructured in a meeting last month from the previous Central Committee for Comprehensive Management of Public Security.With 11 more departments than the previous one, the new committee, with 51 departments, is expected to strengthen and innovate social management so as to build a harmonious, stable society, an official from the general office of the committee said.The official said the renaming and restructuring of the committee came as the former's concepts, mechanisms and measures fell behind China's fast social and economic development after its 20 years of existence.The official said the new committee will primarily address some major issues that could threaten social harmony and stability, such as criminal gangs and juvenile delinquency, while enacting laws and regulations for social management.

WASHINGTON, Jan. 16 (Xinhua) -- A new study examining weather patterns around the worldwide pandemics of influenza, which caused widespread death and illness in 1918, 1957, 1968 and 2009, finds that each of them was preceded by La Nina conditions in the equatorial Pacific. The study findings are published online Monday in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Science.The study's authors -- Jeffrey Shaman of Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health and Marc Lipsitch of the Harvard School of Public Health -- note that the La Nina pattern is known to alter the migratory patterns of birds, which are thought to be a primary reservoir of human influenza. The scientists theorize that altered migration patterns promote the development of dangerous new strains of influenza.To examine the relationship between weather patterns and influenza pandemics, the researchers studied records of ocean temperatures in the equatorial Pacific in the fall and winter before the four most recent flu pandemics emerged. They found that all four pandemics were preceded by below-normal sea surface temperatures -- consistent with the La Nina phase of the El Nino- Southern Oscillation.The authors cite other research showing that the La Nina pattern alters the migration, stopover time, fitness and interspecies mixing of migratory birds. These conditions could favor the kind of gene swapping or genetic reassortment that creates novel and therefore potentially more variations of the influenza virus."We know that pandemics arise from dramatic changes in the influenza genome. Our hypothesis is that La Nina sets the stage for these changes by reshuffling the mixing patterns of migratory birds, which are a major reservoir for influenza," says Shaman.Changes in migration not only alter the pattern of contact among bird species, they could also change the ways that birds come into contact with domestic animals like pigs. Gene-swapping between avian and pig influenza viruses was a factor in the 2009 swine flu pandemic.

WASHINGTON, Jan. 19 (Xinhua) -- New research published this week in Nature Medicine indicates that targeted drugs such as gefitinib might more effectively treat non-small cell lung cancer if they could be combined with agents that block certain microRNAs.The study, led by investigators with the Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, shows that overexpression of two genes called MET and EGFR causes the deregulation of six microRNAs, and that this deregulation leads to gefitinib resistance.The findings support the development of agents that restore the levels of these microRNAs. It offers a new strategy for treating non-small cell lung cancer, which is responsible for about 85 percent of the 221,000 lung-cancer cases and 157,000 deaths that occur annually in the United States. It also suggests that measuring the expression levels of certain microRNAs -- those controlled by the MET gene -- might predict which lung-cancer cases are likely to be resistant to gefitinib.Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is frequently overexpressed in non-small cell lung cancer, and this leads to uncontrolled cell proliferation. Gefitinib selectively inhibits EGFR activation and triggers cancer cells to self-destruct by apoptosis. However, non-small cell lung cancer cells inevitably develop resistance to the drug. The study reveals how this resistance occurs."Our findings suggest that gefitinib resistance that is caused by MET overexpression is at least partly due to miRNA deregulation, " says principal investigator Carlo Croce.