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WASHINGTON, April 6 (Xinhua) -- U.S. researchers have discovered two genes in which variation affects intake of caffeine, the most widely consumed stimulant in the world, according to a report described Wednesday in the open-access journal PLoS Genetics.A team of investigators from the National Cancer Institute, Harvard School of Public Health, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill examined genetic variation across the entire genome of more than 47,000 individuals from the U.S.They found the genes -- CYP1A2, which has previously been implicated in the metabolism of caffeine, and AHR, involved in the regulation of CYP1A2, played roles in regulating intake of caffeine. Individuals with the highest-consumption genotype for either gene consumed 40 mg more caffeine than those with the lowest-consumption genotype, equivalent to the amount of one-third cup of caffeinated coffee, or one can of cola.Caffeine is implicated in numerous physiological and medical conditions; it affects sleep patterns, energy levels, mood, and mental and physical performance. The identification of genes that have an impact on daily consumption offers opportunities to better understand these conditions. Further exploration of the identified genetic variants may provide insight into the speed of caffeine metabolism, how long caffeine circulates in the blood, or how strong the physiological effects of consuming a given amount of caffeine are.

BEIJING, Feb. 9 (Xinhua) -- China has introduced new stimulus policies to boost the development of the software and integrated circuit (IC) industries.Software firms will continue to enjoy preferential value-added tax policies, according to a circular posted on the central government's website, www.gov.cn on Wednesday. The circular was dated Jan. 28.The new policies also granted tax cuts to manufacturers of integrated circuit. Enterprises of IC products whose product line is less than 0.8 micron (including 0.8 micron) wide will be exempted from corporate income taxes on the first and the second year after reaching profitability, according to the statement.Taxes will also be halved for such companies from the third to fifth year after reaching profitability.Makers of IC products that have a product line that is less than 0.25 micron wide or have invested more than 8 billion yuan (1.21 billion U.S. dollars) in production will pay reduced income taxes.For companies that have operated for more than 15 years, corporate income taxes will be exempted from the first year to the fifth after reaching profitability.Between the sixth and the tenth year, the firms will pay half of the taxes, the statement said.The government also encouraged consolidation in the software and IC industries and will provide financial support to technological research and development.

VIENNA, March 18 (Xinhua) -- The 26th Annual Congress of the European Association of Urology (2011 EAU congress) kicked off on Friday at the Vienna Austria Center in the Austrian capital Vienna.About 14,000 doctors, experts, scholars and representatives of pharmaceutical enterprises in the field of urology from more than 80 countries took part in the event, which will last till Tuesday.The EAU congress is Europe's largest fair in the field of urology. This is the third time for Vienna to host the event.The EAU congress aims to review technical innovation and technological progress in the field of urology and related subspecialties, discuss new theories, new technologies and new diagnostic methods of urological clinical trials, optimize the risk management of urological disease, and enhance doctors' practical knowledge and skills by educational activities.It also provides an important platform for related pharmaceutical, medical equipments and medical consumables manufacturers to present their latest products and technologies, and creates the opportunity of face-to-face communication between suppliers and consumers.The highlights of this year's EAU congress include the discussion of state-of-the-art kidney imaging and the application of ultrasound, computerized tomography (CT-scan) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).Participants are also expected to give a timely overview on the role of imaging, focal therapy and kidney biopsy in the management and follow-up of small renal masses, as well as the use of imaging in the management of urinary incontinence and other pelvic urinary pathologies.Congress organizers said that more than 200 presentations and seminars are scheduled during the five-day meeting, with an estimated 400 speakers unveiling their latest findings.

BEIJING, Apirl 1 (Xinhuanet) -- An Ariane rocket launch of two communications satellites was aborted Wednesday after a technical hitch at the scheduled moment of liftoff in French Guiana on Wednesday.According to Arianespace, the Ariane 5 rocket's Vulcain main engine ignited as scheduled at 5:45 pm EDT (21:45 GMT), but the checkout process during ignition detected an unspecified anomaly, shutting down the engine before the two solid-rocket boosters ignited.The 165-foot (50-meter) tall Ariane 5 rocket's main engine's checkout process "was not completed successfully, preventing the boosters' ignition and thereby aborting the mission," Arianespace officials said. "The Ariane 5 and its two payloads remain in a safe mode on the launch pad."The Ariane 5 rocket uses a Vulcain 2 first stage engine assisted by two solid rocket boosters to launch satellite payloads into orbit. The Vulcain 2 engine is fueled by cryogenic liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen and is designed to burn for about 600 seconds to boost payloads into space.Jean-Yves Le Gall, Arianespace president, said it would return the rocket to the final assembly building to prepare it for another launch attempt while investigating the cause of the problem. No new launch date was immediately announced.The Ariane 5 was to launch the Yahsat Y1A and Intelsat New Dawn communications satellites.

BEIJING, March 21 (Xinhuanet) -- A new device is being developed by American engineers to ease pain of blood sugar testing in diabetics, according to foreign media report last week.The upcoming device is the research target of a team of engineers at Arizona State University. It is specifically designed for patients with type1diabetes and type2 diabetes, according to a report in the "Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology,"  The traditional method of testing blood sugar levels involves painful pricks on the fingers to draw blood for testing. The inconvenient and painful process may somehow leave diabetics lax in their testing. The blood sugar levels, when poorly controlled, are very likely to trigger complications including heart disease, kidney disease and retinopathy.Unlike the old testing method, the new device could help people keep track of their blood sugar levels without the need to break the skin. It draws tears to measures the blood sugar levels in the fluid and gives just an accurate reading of blood sugar levels. "This new technology might encourage patients to check their blood sugars more often, which could lead to better control of their diabetes by a simple touch to the eye." said Jeffrey T. LaBelle, developer of the device.The new testing device has drawn great interest from investors due to its promising prospects. However, it still awaits a significant amount of testing before it can hit the market.