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NASA's OSIRIS-REx mission and the asteroid Bennu have had a date planned for two years, and just after noon ET today, they finally got to meet face to face. OSIRIS-REx fired its thrusters for a small burn, putting it about 4.3 miles from Bennu, marking the end of its journey to the asteroid.The mission -- which stands for Origins, Spectral Interpretation, Resource Identification, Security-Regolith Explorer -- is NASA's first asteroid sample return mission. It launched in September 2016 and will spend two years up close and personal with Bennu. First images of the asteroid from the spacecraft's perspective have appeared as it got closer and closer.On Tuesday, the spacecraft will fly within 5 miles of Bennu, which will help design future orbits and map the surface.Over the next year, OSIRIS-REx will survey the asteroid using five scientific instruments on board the spacecraft. These instruments will help it determine a safe location from which to collect a small sample from Bennu's surface that will be returned to Earth in September 2023."Bennu's low gravity provides a unique challenge for the mission," said Rich Burns, OSIRIS-REx project manager at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center. "At roughly 0.3 mile in diameter, Bennu will be the smallest object that any spacecraft has ever orbited."The sample from Bennu, a near-Earth asteroid, could help scientists understand not only more about asteroids that could impact Earth but about how planets formed and life began.OSIRIS-REx has a camera suite, a laser altimeter for 3D mapping, a thermal emission spectrometer to take temperature and mineral content and spectrometers to measure X-rays, nearly infrared and visible light.An arm mechanism called TAGSAM will reach out to collect the sample from Bennu's surface, making contact with the asteroid for five seconds in July 2020. During this contact, the arm will use a nitrogen gas burst to stir up rock and other materials on the surface so it can capture them. There is enough nitrogen for three attempts if the first is unsuccessful.NASA said the estimated 2.1-ounce sample size equates to about 30 sugar packets worth of dirt and rocks.The arm has a full range of motion, with joints capable of movement comparable to shoulder, elbow and wrist joints. It was "flexed" in space for the first time on November 14."The TAGSAM exercise is an important milestone, as the prime objective of the OSIRIS-REx mission is to return a sample of Bennu to Earth," said Dante Lauretta, OSIRIS-REx principal investigator at the University of Arizona, Tucson. "This successful test shows that, when the time comes, TAGSAM is ready to reach out and tag the asteroid."In 2021, it will be time for the spacecraft to essentially turn around and begin its two-year journey home. The sample will be packed into a capsule that will drop in the Utah desert in 2023.For two years after the return, the sample will be cataloged and analyzed. Afterward, 75% of the returned sample will remain at NASA's Johnson Space Flight Center so it can be used for more research by scientists from around the world.Why did NASA select Bennu out of the 780,000 known asteroids in our solar system?It was discovered in 1999, and scientists have been studying it ever since. The asteroid fits a number of criteria that make it intriguing and convenient.Bennu is relatively close to Earth, and its orbit even crosses that of our planet, making a close approach every six years. Though small asteroids can rotate very quickly, Bennu has a diameter just a bit bigger than the height of the Empire State Building and rotates relatively slowly, each 4.3 hours. This means OSIRIS-REx can match its velocity and touch down briefly.The asteroid could pass close to Earth, closer than the moon, in 2135, with even closer approaches possible in 2175 and 2195. A direct hit is unlikely, but the data gathered during this mission can help determine the best ways to deflect near-Earth asteroids.The asteroid is also old and well-preserved, full of valuable materials that may even contain clues about how life began. Bennu is essentially a leftover from the formation of our solar system billions of years ago, although some of the minerals inside it could be even older.This carbon-rich asteroid could be full of organic molecules, metals, platinum and even water -- the essential ingredients for life. It's because of objects like Bennu that these resources were delivered to Earth during its formation.Asteroids could even serve as fuel stations for robotic and human missions if we can unlock the hydrogen and oxygen inside them, NASA said.Bennu probably broke off of a larger asteroid in the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter a couple billion years ago. This knocked it through space until an orbit close to Earth locked it in place. And Bennu is believed to be a grouping of rocks held together by gravity rather than a single object.But its orbit drifts 0.18 miles each year toward the sun, and OSIRIS-REx will enable researchers to understand why and to predict Bennu's movements. This could also explain how it ended up as a near-Earth asteroid."The story of this asteroid is the story of the solar system," said Bashar Rizk, instrument scientist for OSIRIS-REx. "When we understand Bennu, we will understand something fundamental about our solar system."The-CNN-Wire 5356

MODESTO, Calif. (AP) — California police say a homeless woman sleeping in a cardboard box was struck and killed by heavy machinery operated by a road crew clearing a homeless camp.The Modesto Bee reported Wednesday that 33-year-old Shannon Marie Bigley was killed Aug. 1 in a grassy field alongside a highway where a homeless camp was built.Modesto police say the incident occurred while a California Department of Transportation crew was attempting to clear the encampment about 90 miles east of San Francisco. Details on the machinery was not disclosed.State officials four months ago rejected a union grievance filed by workers who object to clearing homeless encampments. The union argued unsuccessfully that workers lack safety equipment and training.A Caltrans comment expressed sympathy for the victim's family. 841

MILWAUKEE, Wis. -- With two weeks left until Election Day, Sen. Kamala Harris held a virtual rally in Milwaukee on Tuesday.The "Get Out the Early Vote" rally marked the first day of in-person voting in the swing state of Wisconsin, as well as Harris' birthday, according to the Biden-Harris campaign.Sen. Tammy Baldwin, Rep. Gwen Moore, Milwaukee Mayor Tom Barrett, Milwaukee County Executive David Crowley and other Milwaukee leaders also attended the virtual event.Watch the rally below:Click here to learn more about the event.Ivanka Trump also visited Milwaukee for an in-person campaign event on Tuesday.This story was originally published by Jackson Danbeck at WTMJ. 680

Mixed in with messages from those you know and love are texts trying to steal your information, money, or both.This holiday season, the Better Business Bureau says thieves are cranking up what's known as "smishing" because they use SMS to try and get to you."Their goal is to entice you to click on a link to get you to either a. download malware on to your cellphone, have you fill out a form that they link you to collect personal information, or send you to a page to make a payment so they can gather credit card information from you," said Bryan Oglesby with the Better Business Bureau.Some of these messages may appear legit, but the Better Business Bureau says you should always go straight to the source instead of replying.According to the BBB, online purchase scams are the most reported form of cyber theft for the last three years.It's when scammers use fake websites or emails to offer attractive deals."The top ways consumers fall victim to these scams are based on price. The price they are looking for the greatest deal. It's too good to be true offer. They act on it. And they come to find out that offer never existed in the first place," said Oglesby.Also, watch out for ads on social media pages — those can be scams too.To protect yourself, research companies at www.bbb.org, or to see if a website is legit, you can use www.whois.com."Just a few minutes of research and verification can help a consumer save hundreds of dollars and actually receive the product you are trying to make a purchase on and not be out of that money," said Oglesby.Also, watch out for charity scams on December 1 for Giving Tuesday.This story originally reported by Erik Waxler on ABCActionNews.com. 1706

More than 100 students knelt on the benches of Notre Dame Stadium while "The Star-Spangled Banner" played during the school's football game against Florida State University on Saturday.Taking a knee to protest racial injustices began in 2016 when then-San Francisco 49ers quarterback Colin Kaepernick knelt during the national anthem before a preseason NFL game.Kaepernick's actions were based mostly on political issues, but the students wanted to put a spin on the protest and make it a religious matter as well."We wanted to frame this movement around Notre Dame's religion, which is Catholic. Some made it a moment of silence, and others prayed," said Katie Hieatt, one of five protest organizers.Durrell Jackson, another of the organizers, began protesting earlier in the college football season with a couple of friends. That's when Shawn Wu stepped in and decided this needed to be a bigger movement.With the help of three other students, they organized the November 10 protest that led 80 of their junior classmates and about 30 students in the senior class to kneel."For me personally, this is both a political and religious issue," Jackson said. "Police brutality and racial [and] social injustice against brothers and sisters is not the Christian thing to do."The students brought back some of the school's history as they knelt in solidarity.They linked arms in prayer like the Rev. Theodore Hesburgh, who served as the school's president until 1987, and the Rev. Martin Luther King Jr. did in 1964 at a civil rights rally in Chicago, as they sang "We Shall Overcome."Like Hesburgh and King, the students hope to bring people together to respect one another even if they have different beliefs."Rather than being dismissed as 'just a liberal act,' many might reconsider how this movement of justice and reconciliation aligns deeply with shared values (among many) of faith, Notre Dame tradition, and Fr. Hesburgh," the group wrote in its mission statement, inviting their peers to protest with them.Brian Gatter, one of the other organizers, said their main goal was to let people know that students at Notre Dame are not just concerned with racial injustices, but also with the treatment of people when they share an opinion others don't agree with."Our main goal is to start a healthy and peaceful dialogue, rather than to keep this a one-sided conversation," Gatter said. "One of the things we want to stress the most with this movement is that this is not a protest against the military or the flag, this is about how we treat each other as human beings. We don't need to reduce people down in order to make a point. We can have a good dialogue, even if we don't agree with each other."The University of Notre Dame has not taken any disciplinary action against the students, Gatter said. CNN contacted the school's administration for further comment and is waiting to hear back.The-CNN-Wire 2914

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