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The race for a COVID-19 vaccine appears to be on the horizon. But without large numbers of Americans getting the vaccine, the notion of herd immunity could be a challenge. Some are pondering whether people should be required to get a vaccine.Coronavirus cases are spiking across most of the country. Hospital ICU beds are becoming scarce, and a number of states are warning of potential lockdowns.“If they don’t start to bend this curve, then it is clear that we’re going to have to take more difficult measures and go to a stay-at-home order,” said Illinois Governor JB Pritzker.But there was some good news this week. Pfizer concluded phase three of its vaccine study. The two-shot course they say is 95 percent effective against COVID-19. Earlier in the week, Moderna said its vaccine is 94.5 percent effective.“Based upon the preliminary data that is out there, these vaccines appear to be quite safe and very, very effective at preventing COVID,” said Dr. Tina Tan, a professor of infectious disease at Northwestern University’s Feinberg School of Medicine and a pediatrician at the Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital in Chicago.If green-lit by the FDA, one question that may arise is whether Americans should be mandated to get vaccinated. In August, Dr. Anthony Fauci weighed in.“You don’t want to mandate and try and force anyone to take the vaccine. We’ve never done that,” said Fauci.According to a Pew Research survey in September, about half of U.S. adults (49 percent) said they definitely or probably would not get vaccinated. That was up from 27 percent in May.“I think it's going to be really important to build public trust before we talk about mandating vaccines for adults or even for children,” said Tan.Tan points out that none of the vaccines have been tested in children, and so, school mandated vaccinations could be years away.Still, legal scholars say local vaccine mandates have historically had solid legal precedent for enforcement for more than a century.“The short answer is yes, a vaccine can be mandated under the law,” said Juliet Sorensen, a professor of health and human rights at Northwestern University’s Pritzker School of Law.Sorensen says it’s still a complex question, not just about whether a vaccine can be mandated, but whether it should be.“The Constitution empowers state and local governments to take measures in furtherance of the public health as long as there is a basis in science for doing so,” she explained.And while few are endorsing a vaccination mandate right now, as the death toll climbs without universal mask-wearing and social distancing, it could be up for further debate. 2655

The Navy has modified their SEAL ethos and creed to remove “man” and “brotherhood” to include gender-neutral language, according to military officials. In response, President Donald Trump tweeted he would “overturn” the changes."The previous versions of the SEAL Ethos and SWCC Creed were written prior to the law allowing women to serve as operators in Naval Special Warfare," Lt. Cmdr. Matthew Stroup, a spokesman for Naval Special Warfare Command, told Military.com.The changes were first reported by the American Military News on Monday. Thursday afternoon, President Trump responded on Twitter to a Conservative outlet who had tweeted a link to the story saying “I will be overturning this ridiculous order immediately!” 733

The number of Americans newly diagnosed with the coronavirus is falling — a development experts say most likely reflects more mask-wearing but also insufficient testing — even as the disease continues to claim nearly 1,000 lives in the U.S. each day.About 43,000 new cases are being reported daily across the country, down 21% from early August, according to data compiled by Johns Hopkins University. While the U.S., India and Brazil still have the highest numbers of new cases in the world, the downward trend is encouraging.“It’s profoundly hopeful news,” said Dr. Monica Gandhi, an infectious-diseases expert at the University of California, San Francisco, who credits the American public’s growing understanding of how the virus spreads, more mask-wearing and, possibly, an increasing level of immunity.“Hopefully all those factors are coming into play to get this virus under control in this country that’s really been battered by the pandemic,” she said.But insufficient testing is probably concealing the full extent of the crisis, said Dr. Jonathan Quick, who leads the pandemic response for the Rockefeller Foundation, which has recommended the U.S. test 4 million people a day by fall.“We’re grossly under-testing in some of the places that are still having high caseloads,” Quick said, singling out Mississippi, Texas, Georgia and North Dakota as hot spots with high rates of positive test results.Even at 43,000 new cases per day, the U.S. remains far above the numbers seen during the spring, when new daily cases peaked at about 34,000, he said.“It’s a good trend, but nowhere near what we need to be,” Quick said of the recent decline.The virus is blamed for more than 5.7 million confirmed infections and about 178,000 deaths in the U.S. Worldwide, the death toll is put at more than 810,000, with about 23.7 million cases.Jeffrey Shaman, a public health expert at Columbia University, said he is skeptical enough people are immune to significantly slow the spread. But he agreed that changes in Americans’ behavior could well be making a difference, recalling the impact that people’s actions had in containing Ebola in West Africa several years ago.“Ebola stopped for reasons we didn’t anticipate at the time. It was so horrifying that people stopped touching each other,” Shaman said. Something similar may be happening with the coronavirus, he said.“I know I don’t have nearly the number of contacts that I used to,” Shaman said. “But if we relax that, if we get complacent, will we just see another outbreak?”The decline in newly reported cases in the U.S. comes even as deaths from the virus remain alarmingly high. Officials have reported an average of 965 deaths per day from COVID-19 recently, down from 1,051 deaths a day in early August.Deaths from the coronavirus are a lagging indicator — they trail new infections because of the time it takes for people to get sick and succumb to the disease.The percentage of tests coming back positive for the disease has also declined over the past two weeks, from 7.3% to 6.1%. But that comes as the total number of tests administered has fallen from its August peak of more than 820,000 a day, leveling off in recent weeks at about 690,000 a day.The situation has improved dramatically in several states that struggled with high caseloads earlier this summer.In Arizona, for example, officials reported 859 new cases Tuesday, down from a peak of 5,500 in late June. More than 2,000 people arrived at the state’s hospitals showing symptoms of the virus on a single day in early July. This week, that number has been less than 1,000.In Florida, where more than 10,000 people have died, the state reported 2,600 new virus cases Tuesday. Earlier in the summer, it was regularly reporting more than 10,000 new cases.Malinda Coler, 37, of San Francisco, said she has been diligent about mask wearing and other preventive measures, less to protect herself than a best friend who has a compromised immune system, with severe arthritis psoriasis.“So I wear a damned mask and get infuriated when others don’t,” she said.Most states now have some type of mask requirement, either through statewide orders issued by governors or from city and county rules that cover most of their population.Even some conservative governors have gone along with masks. Mississippi Gov. Tate Reeves mandated masks in all public places earlier this month, and Georgia Gov. Brian Kemp dropped a lawsuit against Atlanta in a dispute over a requirement by the state’s largest city.In Leeds, Alabama, Will Heath said he has seen greater adherence to mask rules around town, whether in stores or at his 5-year-old daughter’s cheerleading practice.He and his wife, a nurse, have worn masks all along but said the attitude among others has shifted from “Even if I get it, I’ll be OK,” to “Let’s make sure we don’t give it to somebody else.”“We have all been sort of operating under the assumption that we all have it or we’re going to get it eventually. So we want to make sure we don’t spread it,” Heath said.Many places around the U.S. are seeing pockets of contagion, especially in college towns where students are holding parties and crowding into bars.Over the past week, 531 students, faculty and staff at the University of Alabama in Tuscaloosa have tested positive for the virus, according to the school. Alabama said it tested nearly 30,000 students before classes began. The mayor of Tuscaloosa shut down bars for two weeks because of the spike, which could derail plans to continue the semester on campus.The university is still moving ahead with fall sports in the football-crazed state, with plans to allow only about 20,000 fans at its 101,000-capacity stadium and a ban on tailgating. Coach Nick Saban weighed in on the virus Monday, urging people to wear masks.“It’s not just about football. So, for people to make the right choices and decisions to wear their masks, do the things when they’re out publicly, respect the rules, respect the virus, that’s important,” he said.It’s not clear what will happen to case numbers as more school districts bring students back to classrooms and colleges reopen their campuses. In recent weeks, schools including the University of North Carolina, Michigan State and Notre Dame have moved instruction online after outbreaks on their campuses.Officials at the University of Tennessee at Knoxville said four students are facing disciplinary proceedings after three hosted off-campus parties with no mask or other distancing and another left isolation to meet with others despite testing positive for the virus.“If the facts reported to the university are accurate, these students will face at least suspension from the university, and potentially greater penalties,” Chancellor Donde Plowman wrote.___Associated Press writers Mae Anderson, Nicky Forster and John Zenor contributed to this story. 6888

The NFL Draft begins on Thursday, and this year's NFL Draft could contain one of the deepest pool of quarterbacks in Draft history. According to most NFL Draft experts, five college quarterbacks will likely be selected in the first round on Thursday. The group includes USC's Sam Darnold, Oklahoma's Baker Mayfield, Wyoming's Josh Allen, UCLA's Josh Rosen and Louisville's Lamar Jackson. The first team to pick on Thursday is Cleveland, who likely will select one of the five quarterbacks. Darnold and Mayfield are the leading candidates to be selected first overall, but Allen's stock has risen, and if he isn't selected by the Browns, he will likely still be a Top 10 draft choice. Here is what to look for this weekend:The basicsThe NFL Draft is being held in Dallas' AT&T Stadium. The first round will be Thursday, beginning at 8 p.m. Each teach will have 10 minutes to make a selection during the first round. Friday will have round Nos. 2 and 3, and Saturday will have round Nos. 3-7. Teams will have seven minutes per selection on Friday, and five minutes per selection in rounds 3-6, and four minutes per pick in the final round. Who will attend?All teams will send a small delegation to the draft site, which sometimes will include GMs, coaches, former players and team owners. Those delegations are in direct contact with team personnel at the team's home office, where scouts and coaches can freely deliberate options. Also, a small number of players are invited. This year, 22 players were officially invited to the draft. Those players will get to go on stage when their name is called, and be presented with a jersey, and meet with the media for interviews. Who should my team pick?In the first-round, unless it is a future franchise quarterback, a player who will have an immediate and noticeable impact. In the next few rounds, these players should hopefully compete for starting jobs as rookies. In the later rounds, teams pick players to round out rosters, and potentially compete for starting job. 2018 NFL Draft orderRound 1: 2102

The hit TV show 'Fixer Upper' is coming back! This time around, it'll be aired on Joanna and Chip Gaines' Magnolia Network.The show originally aired for five seasons on HGTV, with the last episode airing in 2018. But starting in 2021, the show will make its way to a new home, the renovating duo announced in a blog post on their website on Tuesday. “The day we wrapped our final episode of ‘Fixer Upper,’ we really believed it was a chapter closed," the couple said in the blog post. "We knew we needed a break and a moment to catch our breath. But we also knew we weren’t done dreaming about ways to make old things new again. These past few years, we’ve continued tackling renovations and projects, doing the work we’re passionate about, but I don't think either of us anticipated how the show would become such a permanent fixture in our hearts. We’ve missed sharing the stories of these families and their homes with you, and we’re excited to do that again very soon!” 981

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