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This booking photo provided by the Glynn County Sheriff’s Office shows William “Roddie” Bryan Jr., who was jailed Thursday, May 21, 2020, in Brunswick, Ga., on charges of felony murder and attempted false imprisonment. Bryan is the third person charged in the fatal shooting of Ahmaud Arbery on Feb. 23, when a white father and son armed themselves and pursued Arbery after seeing him running in their neighborhood. (Glynn County Sheriff’s Office via AP) 463

Too few new antibiotics are under development to combat the threat of multidrug-resistant infections, according to a new World Health Organization report published Tuesday. Adding to the concern: It is likely that the speed of increasing resistance will outpace the slow drug development process.As of May, a total of 51 antibiotics and 11 biologicals -- medical products often made from natural sources -- are being developed, the new report said."The idea is that biologicals could replace use of antibiotics, which could help in overcoming the resistance problem," Peter Beyer, an author of the report and senior adviser to the WHO's Department of Essential Medicines and Health Products, wrote in an email.Seemingly, this large number of potential new drugs should suffice, yet it is not nearly enough.First, just 33 of the antibiotics in the pipeline target priority pathogens. This year, the WHO published a list of a dozen "priority pathogens": 12 separate families of antibiotic-resistant bacteria that pose the greatest threat to human health.Among the priority pathogens is a drug-resistant tuberculosis, which kills about 250,000 people around the world each year, and a variety of multidrug resistant strains -- Acinetobacter, Pseudomonas and various Enterobacteriaceae -- which are responsible for infections in hospitals and nursing homes and among patients whose care requires ventilators and catheters.Of the 33 potential medicines for treating priority bug infections, only eight are innovative treatments. The other 25 are simple modifications of existing families of antibiotics. At best, then, the 25 will serve as short-term solutions since it is expected bacteria will quickly adapt to and resist these new (though somewhat familiar) drugs, according to the WHO."It is difficult to speculate why companies develop specific new medicines," Beyer noted. "But in general many new treatments do not necessarily constitute advances over existing treatments."TB infections require a combination of at least three antibiotics, according to the new report, yet only seven of the new TB medicines are even in clinical trials. Soon, there will be a serious lack of treatment options for this infection, the report warns.The same is true for gram-negative pathogens, which can cause severe, often deadly infections typically in hospitals and nursing homes.Gram-negative bacteria have more complex cell walls than gram-positive, explained Beyer. "In a nutshell, it is more complex to develop a novel antibiotic that can penetrate the complex gram-negative cell wall and stay inside the bacterium," he wrote.Finally, the WHO sees too few oral antibiotics being developed. These are necessary "to target the critical priority pathogens (and) be accessible in low- and middle-income countries," Beyer noted.To address the problem of developing new antibiotics, the WHO and the Drugs for Neglected Diseases Initiative set up the Global Antibiotic Research and Development Partnership. However, new drugs alone cannot combat the threat of antimicrobial resistance. The WHO is also working to improve infection prevention and control while developing guidance for the responsible use of antibiotics."Always seek medical advice before taking antibiotics and then always follow the advice of the health-care professional," Beyer noted.The new report is a "fantastic (and very useful!) summary" of the antibiotic situation, wrote Bill Hanage, an associate professor of epidemiology at Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, in an email. Hanage, who has also published studies of antibiotic resistance, was not involved in the new report.Although the risk of getting a completely resistant infection is low in the United States, about 2 million people each year become infected with "resistant enough" bacteria that are harder to treat, Hanage said. And every year, more than 20,000 people die of these infections."More resistant infections don't just mean you or someone you care about is more likely to die from one, they also mean healthcare will get even more expensive," Hanage said. "Many of the procedures we take for granted in medicine, from cancer treatments to surgeries, depend on our ability to handle infections that happen in the course of treatment."The number of new drugs in development is simply not enough, he said."The great majority will not make it into the hands of doctors or your treatment," Hanage wrote. "As the report states, for drugs to be used in humans they have to pass 3 hurdles, the phase 1, 2 and 3 trials. Drugs entering that pipeline have just a 14% chance of getting all the way through to be used in humans." 4676

Time is running out with just five days to go before funding expires for several key federal agencies and no deal in sight to avert a partial government shutdown.On Capitol Hill, Republicans and Democrats alike have made clear they don't want a shutdown, but lawmakers left Washington last week without a resolution in an ongoing standoff over funding for President Donald Trump's long-promised border wall. The administration and congressional Democrats appeared to be no closer to reaching an agreement over the weekend.White House senior adviser Stephen Miller said on Sunday the administration would do "whatever is necessary to build the border wall," saying "if it comes to it, absolutely," when asked on CBS's "Face the Nation" if that would mean a partial shutdown. But Senate Democratic Leader Chuck Schumer insisted on NBC's "Meet the Press" on Sunday that the President is "not going to get the wall in any form," saying the votes aren't there in the House or the Senate.The window is narrow this week for Congress to take action. The Senate will be back on Monday, but the House of Representatives isn't expected to return until Wednesday evening. That leaves little time before funding runs out at midnight on Friday for a number of federal agencies, including the Department of Homeland Security, the Justice Department, and other parts of the government.Trump wants billion in wall funding, but that number is a non-starter for Democrats. Any spending legislation would need to pass with at least some Democratic votes since it would have to clear a 60-vote threshold in the Senate where Republicans only have a 51-seat majority.Some congressional Republicans were talking openly at the end of last week about the possibility that lawmakers could punt the border fight by passing a temporary, stopgap spending measure. If Congress and the White House agree to a short-term funding patch that could leave the issue for the new, incoming Congress to resolve in January.Outgoing Republican Rep. Jeff Denham of California told CNN's Kate Bolduan on Friday, "At this late in the game, I think a short-term resolution is in order, something that would allow the next Congress to actually come in and negotiate a much larger, longer agreement.""The question is ... will we kick the can until the day after Christmas, January 2nd or 3rd, or whatever?," Republican Sen. Richard Shelby, the chair of the Senate Appropriations Committee, told CNN on Thursday. "I don't know. There has to be some sort of breakthrough."So far, however, there has been no apparent breakthrough, and the threat of a partial shutdown moves closer to becoming a reality with each passing day.The President defiantly said during a dramatic meeting last week with House Democratic leader Nancy Pelosi and Schumer that he would take responsibility for a partial shutdown if one takes place."I'll tell you what, I am proud to shut down the government for border security, Chuck," Trump told the top Senate Democrat. "So, I will take the mantle. I will be the one to shut it down. I'm not going to blame you for it."If a shutdown takes place, it would be limited in scope. Congress has already funded roughly 75% of the federal government through September 2019, including the Pentagon as well as the Departments of Health and Human Services and Labor.But that doesn't mean a partial shutdown that would start just days before Christmas wouldn't be disruptive.In the event of a shutdown, some federal employees would be deemed essential and would continue to work, but their pay would be withheld until the shutdown is over.Other federal employees would be placed on furlough, meaning they would effectively be put on a leave of absence without pay. Congress could move to order that furloughed employees be paid retroactively after the shutdown is over, but that is not guaranteed. 3870

Ticketmaster has issued a response regarding Billboard's report that concertgoers would have to verify that they've been vaccinated or tested negative for the virus before attending a live show.In an email to E.W. Scripps, Ticketmaster said there is no requirement coming from them about mandating vaccines or testing for future events.In the original report, Billboard reported that the ticket-selling company would set up a way for the customers' COVID test results to be sent to third-party health companies. And through its digital app, Ticketmaster would tie those test results or vaccination status to a ticket digitally that'd be used to enter events.Ticketmaster explained that it is up to the event organizers to set policies around safety and entry requirements."Ticketmaster does not have the power to set policies around safety/entry requirements, which would include vaccines and/or testing protocols, a spokesperson for Ticketmaster said. "That would be up to the discretion of the event organizer, based on their preferences and local health guidelines."The spokesperson explained that they are exploring the ability to enhance their existing digital ticket capabilities amid the pandemic."One path Ticketmaster is actively exploring and working to develop is a framework for syncing with third-party healthcare providers to link COVID vaccine status and/or test results to fans' digital tickets for event entry," the spokesperson said. "All aspects of vaccine verification/testing for the broad public would be set by regional health officials. Any health information would be stored with third-party health care providers with HIPPA compliance, not with Ticketmaster."In a statement, Ticketmaster President Mark Yovich added that the company's goal is to "provide enough flexibility and options that venues and fans have multiple paths to return to events.""We imagine there will be many third-party health care providers handling vetting - whether that is getting a vaccine, taking a test, or other methods of review and approval - which could then be linked via a digital ticket so everyone entering the event is verified," Yovich said. "We are working to create integrations to our API and leading digital ticketing technology as we will look to tap into the top solutions based on what's green-lit by officials and desired by clients."Ticketmaster added that this is still in development. Once the technology and regulations are approved, the company said they would make it available, but there is no timeline for implementing this potential idea."In short, we are not forcing anyone to do anything," the spokesperson said. "Just exploring the ability to enhance our existing digital ticket capabilities to offer solutions for event organizers. Just a tool in the box for those that may want to use."The spokesperson stated that Ticketmaster has set up its SmartEvent Suite, which would help event organizers safely welcome concertgoers back to live events. 2987

This year’s election has already been one of the most contentious in modern history, but for one family from Flagstaff, Arizona, it is their most memorable.In 1920, Blanche Reeves was a 29-year-old mother of five living in Iowa on her farm with her husband. Just two years prior, she had come down with pneumonia after contracting the flu during the 1918 pandemic.“Her hair all fell out and she was just in bed for a very long time,” said Reeve’s daughter, Helen, now 91.Helen Reeves was not born at the time, but she remembers her father’s vivid stories about her mother’s condition. She says she was in a coma and doctors didn’t expect her to make it through the night.“He said [my mother] couldn’t react to what was happening but could hear what was being said in the room,” she said.Reeves says the doctor left a death certificate with her father to fill out in the morning as he waited with her mother, but it laid on the bedside table in the hospital empty as her mother began to pull through.She would remain bedridden and resting for nearly two years as she battled the illness one day in 1920.“Dad said she just sat up in bed and said, ‘I’m going to go vote,’” said Reeves.That year was the first women were allowed to vote following the suffrage movement, so Reeves says her father hitched up a wagon to their horses with a straw bed and drove her mother into town so she could come to the local schoolhouse and cast her vote.The moment started a revered tradition in the family’s household.“I haven’t missed an election since I was able to vote when I was 21,” said Reeves.“I can’t think of anyone in our family who doesn’t vote,” added Reeves’ daughter, Andrea Hartley, laughing. “It is the one way we can have a voice and sometimes it the only time we can have a voice.”Hartley says growing up, her mother would take her to the polls each election to accompany her as she cast her ballot until she was able to vote for the first. She then did the same with her two kids who have voted since they turned 18.This year’s election, she says, is even more important as it marks 100 years since her grandmother, Blanche, was carried by her husband into the schoolhouse to cast her very first vote.“This year, more than any other year, I have felt the urgency to get my ballot turned back in,” she said.“I did it to honor my mother,” added Reeves. “I think if she were here today and she could know I could sit in my kitchen, at the table, and cast my ballot and not have to ride in a wagon or anything- not have to leave sick babies behind- I think she would be amazed. And I’m just so filled with gratitude that we live in this country with all the great privileges we have.” 2691