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SHENYANG, May 5 (Xinhua) -- A member of the Japanese parliament(Diet) Tuesday handed over an apology letter signed by 24 Japanese MPs to survivors of Pingdingshan Massacre, in which more than 3,000 Chinese civilians were slaughtered by Japanese soldiers in 1932.     Aihara Kumiko, member of the House of Councillors, or the upper house, repeatedly said "sorry" to massacre survivor Wang Zhimei while holding Wang's hands.     "My mother had lived in Jinan (a city in east China) for five years and got help from local people. She often told me that war changes people, war is a sin," Aihara told the 88-year-old Wang.     "We should take history as a mirror and building a friendly relationship between Japan and China," Aihara said.     She came all the way from Tokyo to Fushun, a city in northwest China's Liaoning Province, to present the apology letter signed by10 members of the lower house and 14 of the upper house of the Japanese parliament to the survivors of the tragedy.     Part of the letter reads "As a human being, as a Diet member elected by Japanese citizens, we are sorry from the depth of our hearts."     The Pingdingshan massacre saw more than 3,000 women, children and elderly of Pingdingshan Village near Fushun killed by invading Japanese soldiers on September 16, 1932.     "The Japanese soldiers told us they were going to take our picture and gathered us in a group. But under the black cloth they didn't have cameras, they had machine guns. The soldiers even bayoneted bodies to ensure the villagers were dead," recalled a survivor named Yang Yufen in 2006, after the survivors' 10-year-long lawsuit for an apology and compensation was rejected by the Japanese Supreme Court.     Aihara also visited the memorial of the massacre. Silent tears ran along her cheeks, her hands joined and eyebrows wrinkled during the visit.     Her face was covered by tears when she saw gasoline cans used in burning the corpses after the massacre.     "We will push the Japanese government to offer an apology and compensation for the massacre," she said.     Aihara said some Diet members have collect donations and are going to send some money to foster a patch of woods near the massacre memorial. "We hope the trees witness friendship between the two countries," she said.     Aihara and the Chinese side planted two pines in front of the memorial.     Along with Aihara, four Japanese lawyers who have been trying to help massacre survivors were also present at the hand-over of the apology letter.     Shiroh Kawakami, one of the lawyers, told Xinhua that they would continue to demand the Japanese government building an apology monument and cemetery for victims of the massacre.     "What we do is not only for the history, for also for the future, the future of both countries," Shiroh said.     It's estimated that 20 to 30 villagers survived the massacre, but now only five of them are still alive, all in late 80s. Wang Zhimei came to Fushun from Changchun City in Jilin Province just to meet the Japanese lawmaker and lawyers.     "I want to thank you for what you have done. The days of us survivors are numbered, we are counting on you (on the government apology and compensation)," Wang said.

TAIPEI, June 4 (Xinhua) -- A Chinese mainland business delegation signed deals to purchase Taiwan products worth more than 2.2 billion U.S. dollars after a four-day visit to the island, it was announced Thursday.     Orders involving 827 million dollars of products would be filled by July, and products worth of 1.4 billion dollars would be delivered by the end of this year, said Li Shuilin, head of the delegation.     On their shopping list are LCD (liquid crystal display) equipment, spare parts for mobile phones and computers, plastic and chemical products, textiles and handcrafts, he said.     The group, organized by the Mainland Association for Cross-Strait Economic and Trade Exchanges, comprised about 80 representatives of 35 companies, including IT and home appliance giants Lenovo, Haier, Changhong and ZTE.     Their buying spree was seen as a symbolic step to expand trade ties between the mainland and Taiwan and to offset the effects of the global economic downturn.     The mainland businesses held talks with more than 300 Taiwan firms in Taipei and Kaohsiung to learn more about their products and market potential in the mainland.     They also discussed how to use their reciprocal advantages to reinforce manufacturing capacities of both the mainland and Taiwan, Li said.     Also on Thursday, telecommunication industries on both sides of the Taiwan Strait agreed to tap mobile telecommunication markets, particularly the mainland's newly-launched 3G (third generation mobile telecommunication) market.     A total of 17 telecommunication service providers and 30 equipment manufacturers of the mainland were invited to attend a forum in Taipei this week.     Datang Telecom, a mainland telecommunication equipment vendor, signed an agreement on cooperation with Taiwan's Industrial Technology Research Institute (ITRI). They will discuss the possibility of a pilot network in Taiwan using Datang's TD-SCDMA 3G mobile telecommunications standard.     "We see a lot of opportunities for cooperation as the mainland is fast developing its 3G market," said Liu Liqing, chairman of the China Association of Communications Enterprises.     Johnsee Lee, president of the ITRI, also said the discussions would help local equipment producers better understand the market potential and industrial standards in the mainland.

TOKYO, June 8 (Xinhua) -- Japanese Prime Minister Taro Aso met Monday with visiting Chinese Vice Premier Wang Qishan on bilateral economic cooperation.     During their talks, Wang said that as two major economies in the world, China and Japan are faced with grave challenges posed by the global financial crisis and the worldwide economic recession. Japanese Prime Minister Taro Aso (1st R) meets with Chinese Vice Premier Wang Qishan (1st L) in Tokyo, Japan, June 8, 2009In the grim circumstances, the second China-Japan high-level economic dialogue, which was held successfully Sunday, will play an important role in advancing the implement of the consensus reached by leaders of both countries during President Hu's visit in Japan last year, promoting China-Japan economic and trade cooperation and simulating the economic growth of the two countries as well as the rest of the world, he said.     Wang said that in order to tide over the financial crisis, the Chinese government has adopted a series of policy measures aimed at "maintaining economic growth, expanding domestic demand and adjusting economic structure" and achieved initial success.     "We have the confidence and ability to overcome the current difficulties and maintain the relatively rapid and stable economic growth," said the Chinese vice premier. Japanese Prime Minister Taro Aso (R) meets with Chinese Vice Premier Wang Qishan in Tokyo, Japan, June 8, 2009. Aso, for his part, expressed his hope that the two sides will strengthen exchanges and cooperation and jointly tackle the challenges in a bid to put the world economy back on the track for growth at an early date.     Earlier in the day, Wang also held talks with representatives from Japan's economic and business communities.     The Chinese vice premier arrived Saturday to attend the second China-Japan high-level economic dialogue.     During the one-day dialogue, which was co-chaired by Chinese Vice Premier Wang Qishan and Japanese Foreign Minister Hirofumi Nakasone, the two sides discussed a wide range of issues and signed eight documents, including the MOU for International Property Protection Exchanges and Cooperation, Meeting Minutes on Agriculture Cooperation between China and Japan, and the MOU on Strengthening Science and Technology Cooperation in the Field of Seismology.     The dialogue mechanism was jointly launched by Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao and then Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe during Wen's trip to Japan in April 2007.     The first dialogue was held in Beijing in December 2007.

XI'AN, June 13 (Xinhua) -- Chinese archaeologists started a new excavation of the famous terracotta army site Saturday, hoping to find more clay figures and unravel some of the mysteries left behind by the "First Emperor."     It was the third excavation in the pit -- the first and largest of three pits at the site near Xi'an, capital of northwestern Shaanxi Province -- since 1974 when the terracotta army was discovered by peasants digging a well. Archaeologists work at the excavation site of No. 1 pit of the Terra-cotta Warriors and Horses of Emperor Qin Shihuang, in Xi'an, capital of northwest China's Shaanxi Province, June 13, 2009. Archeologists began the third large-scale excavation of the Terra-cotta Warriors on June 13, China's fourth Cultural Heritage Day, after a halt of over 20 years.FIRST DAY: "BETTER THAN THOUGHT"     The new dig began at 1 p.m. Saturday, which marks the country's fourth Cultural Heritage Day, and it lasted about five hours on the first day.     "The most important discovery today is two four-horse chariots that are standing in tandem very closely," said Cao Wei, deputy curator of the Qinshihuang Terracotta Warriors and Horses Museum.     "It is the first time for us to find such an existence in the excavation history," Cao said. Photo taken on June 13, 2009 shows the excavation site of No. 1 pit of the Terra-cotta Warriors and Horses of Emperor Qin Shihuang, in Xi'an, capital of northwest China's Shaanxi Province.In addition, another important discovery was that a few newly-unearthed terracotta warriors were richly colored. Archaeologists soon used plastic sheets to cover them for protection.     Richly colored clay figures were unearthed from the mausoleum of Qinshihuang in the Qin Dynasty (221 B.C.- 207 B.C.), the first emperor of a united China, in previous excavations, but once they were exposed to the air they began to lose their luster and turn an oxidized grey.     "From what we have excavated today, the preservation of the cultural relics is better than thought," said Xu Weihong, head of the excavation team. Photo taken on June 13, 2009 shows the excavation site of No. 1 pit of the Terra-cotta Warriors and Horses of Emperor Qin Shihuang, in Xi'an, capital of northwest China's Shaanxi Province. "Take for instance, the discovery of the richly colored terracotta warriors gave us great confidence. I believe the future excavation will go smoothly," Xu said.     The 230 by 62-meter pit was believed to contain about 6,000 life-sized terracotta figures, more than 1,000 of which were found in previous excavations, said Wu Yongqi, museum curator.     The State Administration of Cultural Heritage has approved the museum's dig of 200 square meters of the site this year, Wu said. Archaeologists work at the excavation site of No. 1 pit of the Terra-cotta Warriors and Horses of Emperor Qin Shihuang, in Xi'an, capital of northwest China's Shaanxi Province, June 13, 2009.Also Saturday, deputy curator Cao told reporters that the state ministration has approved a five-year excavation plan submitted by the museum.     "We plan to dig about 2,000 square meters in the coming five years," Cao said.     NEW DISCOVERIES EXPECTED     Archaeologists hoped they might find a clay figure that appeared to be "in command" of the huge underground army, said Liu Zhancheng, head of the archeological team under the terracotta museum.     "We're hoping to find a clay figure that represented a high-ranking army officer, for example," he told Xinhua earlier.     Liu and his colleagues are also hoping to ascertain the success of decades of preservation efforts to keep the undiscovered terracotta figures intact and retain their original colors.     Most experts believe the pit houses a rectangular army of archers, infantrymen and charioteers that the emperor hoped would help him rule in the afterlife.     But Liu Jiusheng, a Chinese historian in Xi'an, claims it was an army of servants and bodyguards rather than warriors. His argument is still not widely accepted by other terracotta experts.     The army is still known to most Chinese people as the "terracotta warriors and horses."     The army was one of the greatest archeological finds of modern times. It was discovered in Lintong county, 35 km east of Xi'an, in 1974 by peasants who were digging a well.     The first formal excavation of the site lasted for six years from 1978 to 1984 and produced 1,087 clay figures. A second excavation, in 1985, lasted a year and was cut short for technical reasons.     The discovery, listed as a world heritage site by UNESCO in December 1987, has turned Xi'an into one of China's major tourist attractions.

BEIJING, May 3 (Xinhua) -- Decoupling from the world, and the economic downturn much of it is experiencing, has proven impossible for China. But its resilience is receiving more recognition, with many leading financial institutions upgrading their 2009 growth forecasts since mid-April.     The adjustments for gross domestic product (GDP) growth, ranging from 0.5 to 2.3 percentage points, were based on signs of a turnaround in the first quarter. These indicators included stronger-than-expected real GDP growth, recovering property investment, a pick-up in power consumption and a surge in bank lending.     Merrill Lynch & Co. said it expected China's GDP to grow 7.2 percent in the second quarter and 8 percent this year, while Goldman Sachs raised its projection from 6 percent to 8.3 percent, the most optimistic forecast so far. Other forecasts include UBS, which raised its estimate by 0.5 point to 7 percent and CLSA Asia-Pacific, which lifted its outlook by 1.5 point to 7 percent.     China's policymakers can take heart from these forecasts. Every upward revision, big or small, given the global economic slowdown, might point to a better chance for the nation to achieve its 8-percent growth target. That level of growth is considered necessary to raise living standards while maintaining social stability.     But there's still the question of whether rapid growth is sustainable. Some analysts believe it isn't unless China can rebalance its economy and achieve higher efficiency, lower environmental costs and a more reasonable balance among investment, trade and consumption.     QUANTITY OR QUALITY?     In an interview with Xinhua, Stephen Roach, chairman of Morgan Stanley Asia, urged Chinese authorities to get more serious about stimulating private consumption because the global economy remains "pretty weak" and might only achieve a weak recovery.     "China has responded to the crisis the way it has always responded to global problems. That is, using proactive fiscal stimulus mainly in the infrastructure area to provide temporary support in the downturn until the global economy comes back. It worked in the 1997 Asian financial crisis and the 2000-2001 mild recession. But this is a different sort of problem," said Roach.     "Once the stimulus wears off and if there is no follow-through, the Chinese economy will weaken again. I don't think exports will recover in the weak global economy."     Domestic economists voice similar worries, saying that the speed of growth doesn't matter as much as the quality. Liu Shangxi, deputy dean of the Research Institute for Fiscal Science at the Ministry of Finance, said that the 6.1-percent year-on-year growth in the first quarter had been "fairly good" for China. But, he said, "sometimes, it's worth slowing down a bit to have the economy move more stably."     Wang Xiaoguang, an economist with the National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC), the chief planning agency. said that the government's annual growth target had become mostly symbolic.     For five years in a row, the target was 8 percent, and for five years in a row, the growth rate overshot the target. Wang said the government had faced a dilemma: a cut in the target might undermine public confidence while a rise might tempt local governments to over-invest to meet a high growth target.     The turnaround signs mostly reflected the impact of the 4-trillion-yuan (586 billion U.S. dollars) stimulus package. Meanwhile, retail sales still trailed investment in contributing to growth. Local economists warned that the economy remained unbalanced and vulnerable.     "Historical records show that adjustments in the Chinese economy would take two to three years, on average. Seven months have passed since the impact of the global financial crisis began to tell on the local economy.     "With a turnaround in sight, recovery might come earlier than expected but there are still risks of a further slowdown," Chen Dongqi, deputy chief of the Macro-Economic Research Institute under the NDRC, told a business development forum in Guangdong in late April.     BUYING CURE     It's widely accepted among economists that China should boost domestic private consumption by leading individuals to buy more and save less. The key question is: how?     "Two big programs" Roach advocates call for doubling the investment in social security immediately to 150 billion U.S. dollars and establishing a goal of raising consumption as a share of the economy from 36 percent to 50 percent within five years.     "What I think is missing here is the social safety net, social security pension and unemployment insurance. Because of the absence of the safety net, China has seen a high level of precautionary saving," he said.     Roach suggested that China develop a private pension system in particular so total employee compensation could rise in tandem with productivity. "Chinese companies need to partner with their workers and provide medical care [and] retirement investing for their workforce. Chinese workers' total pay package should have both wages and benefits," he said.     Liu agreed that the primary task in expanding consumption was to raise incomes. "Securing the legitimate interests of workers is particularly significant when the economy slumps. It would be like drinking poison to quench one's thirst if businesses sought to expand corporate earnings at the cost of workers' pay and benefits," he said.     Low labor costs and massive capacity have propped up China's prosperity over the past decades. But the proportion of wages to national income has been on a long decline since the 1990s.     Between 2002 and 2006 alone, economists estimate the figure dropped from 62.1 percent to 57.1 percent. Meanwhile, the contribution of consumption to GDP growth fell from 43.6 percent to 38.9 percent.     "A more meaningful index to judge the sustainability of China's economic growth would be the proportion of wages to national income," Liu said. "If this ratio did not rise, people would remain poor, and thus expanding consumption would be empty talk."     Chinese are far from wealthy. Only 4 percent of the workforce, and just 10 percent of the urban workforce, earn more than 2,000 yuan a month, the threshold for individual income tax.     As Chinese residents hold 2.43 trillion yuan in aggregate deposits, economists say one immediate way to boost consumption would be to stabilize spending on staple property -- including housing and automobiles -- and support tourism and cultural activities.     "People spend much of their money on housing and food. The government should encourage people to entertain themselves more," Wang said.     CHINA 'NO LOCOMOTIVE'     Although China might be the first major economy to recover from the downturn, economists disagree on when China will return to sustained high growth.     Morgan Stanley, for example, has forecast a firm recovery by mid-year, but said sustainable growth through 2010 would still hinge on what happens in other countries.     "China will be stronger. But will that strength be enough to allow others to follow in its footsteps? I don't think so," said Roach.     "Most of China's resilience comes from infrastructure building, roads, property consumption ... [this] won't have an impact on the United States and Europe. This resilience is only temporary while its stimulus is local rather than global."     Central bank governor Zhou Xiaochuan also warned in late April during World Bank-IMF meetings in Washington that the rebound in China's economy had to be consolidated. He said conditions in China would permit rapid economic development again, once macroeconomic policies such as the stimulus plan took effect.     Challenging internal and external conditions, he said, included continuously shrinking external demand, a relatively large decline in exports, overcapacity in some industries, falling government revenue and lingering employment pressure.     As China emerges from the shadow of the downturn, together with many of its Western partners, the world is closely watching the socialist market economy that it is still trying to develop.     It was interesting to see that there was much "the ideologically-constrained West" could learn from China, just as there was much China could learn from the West, said Roach.     "China has gone slow in many areas, especially in the opening up of its financial market. But China made the right choice," he said.     "Focusing on stability is a huge plus for China. But the nation must be vigilant in its financial policies, especially monetary and regulatory policies, and not allow asset bubbles and financial innovations it doesn't understand," said Roach.