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BEIJING, Dec. 29 (Xinhua) -- China Wednesday released its first ever white paper on the nation's anti-graft efforts, expressing its resolve to strengthen the fight against corruption.The document, titled China's Efforts to Combat Corruption and Build a Clean Government, was issued by the Information Office of the State Council, or Cabinet.Ren Jianming, director of the Anti-Corruption and Governance Research Center at Tsinghua University, said corruption is a sensitive issue, and the white paper shows "China has a more open and cooperative attitude toward the problem."The report will help eliminate bias and misunderstanding about China's anti-graft battle as it details both achievements and problems, said He Zengke, a researcher at the Central Compilation and Translation Bureau, a prominent research institute on Marxism and Chinese policies."It will help people develop a correct, objective and comprehensive understanding of China," he said.China's efforts to combat corruption and build a clean government have been managed systematically and promoted comprehensively and "achieved results," the report said.From 2003 to 2009, prosecutors at all levels investigated more than 240,000 cases of embezzlement, bribery, dereliction of duty, and rights infringement, according to the report.From January to November, the Party's discipline watchdogs investigated 119,000 graft cases, resulting in 113,000 people being punished, of whom 4,332 were prosecuted, said Wu Yuliang, secretary general of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection of Communist Party of China (CPC), at a press conference Wednesday.From 2005 until 2009, over 69,200 cases of commercial bribery -- involving some 16.59 billion yuan in funds -- were investigated, it said.In 2009, some 7,036 officials were held responsible for serious mistakes, breach of duty, and failing to manage and supervise subordinates, the report said.The report quoted a National Bureau of Statistics survey as saying that 83.8 percent of Chinese thought corruption was reduced to some extent in 2010, which was up from 68.1 percent in 2003.The document warned that the task of curbing corruption remains arduous.China has undergone dramatic economic and social change, and the ideas and concepts of the people have altered, leading to increased social conflict, the report said."Since the relevant mechanisms and systems are still incomplete, corruption persists, some cases even involving huge sums of money," the report said. "Breaches of law and discipline tend to be more covert, intelligent and complicated."The CPC and the government understand the "long-haul, complicated and arduous" nature of the anti-graft mission, the report said."They will resolutely punish and effectively prevent corruption with more resolutions and powerful measures," the report said.The report introduces the principles, working mechanisms and legal framework for China's anti-graft system. It also sets out the progress made in combating corruption and international anti-graft cooperation.Despite the achievements made, more work has to be done to meet the people's expectation for anti-graft efforts, especially with improving the transparency of decision making, He said.Many difficulties and problems facing the anti-graft work will be solved through the reform of the systems, he said.On Tuesday the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, the country's central leadership, set objectives for the country's anti-graft mission in the next phase, stressing better anti-corruption supervision on construction projects, public money being held in private account, extravagant ceremonies, and government vehicles.Prof. Yan Shuhan at the Central Party School said the Communist Party of China should stay sober-minded and persistent in its anti-graft endeavor and face the problems head on.

MOHE, Heilongjiang, Jan. 1 (Xinhua) -- An oil pipeline linking Russia's far east and northeast China began operating Saturday.At 11:50 a.m., Yao Wei, general manager of the Pipeline Branch of Petro China Co., Ltd. (PBPC), pushed a button in the China-Russia border county of Mohe, Heilongjiang Province, five hours after the crude oil began being pumped through the pipeline to the border, marking the official start of operations after a two-month trial.PBPC is the operator of the Chinese section of the pipeline.The pipeline, which originates in the Russian town of Skovorodino in the far-eastern Amur region, enters China via Mohe and ends at China's northeastern city of Daqing. As 550,000 tonnes of crude oil had already traveled through the pipeline during the test run period, the Daqing terminal receives the oil 15 minutes after Yao pushed the button at Mohe."The operation of the China-Russia crude oil pipeline is the start of a new phase in China-Russia energy cooperation," Yao said at the launching ceremony.He noted that the pipeline would improve the nation's energy-imports structure and promote economic development.Sergey Tsyplakov, Russian trade representative in China, also said in early December that the completion of the pipeline project was a "milestone" for the development of both countries.Construction of the 1,000-km-long pipeline project, with 72 km within Russia and 927 km in China, started last year, and it will transport 15 million tonnes of crude oil from Russia to China annually between 2011 to 2030, according to the agreement signed between the two countries.This volume of oil means adding 8 billion U.S. dollars to the trade volume between China and Russia, and the import tariffs for China on the oil will be up to 10 billion yuan (1.5 billion U.S. dollars), according to the projection by Chinese customs officials based on the current international crude oil price.Yao said that after the oil arrives at Daqing's Linyuan Station it will enter the Pipeline Networks of Northeast China and be pumped to oil refineries in Dalian, Fushun and other cities.Luo Xuefeng, director with the entry-exit inspection and quarantine bureau of Mohe, said workers with the bureau would take daily oil samples to monitor the quality of the oil."So far, the pumped oil is qualified as regulated in the agreement," Luo said.The annual amount of oil shipped through the pipeline could increase, depending on the drilling capacity in Russia, said Tsyplakov.Further, Li Fuchuan, a researcher with the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, said the operation of the oil pipeline would not only increase the crude trade, but also improve mutual trust between China and Russia, laying an economic foundation for the two countries' strategic partnership.Zhang Shibin, deputy manager of the PBPC Daqing branch, said although the operation has worked well during the trial period, measures need to be performed to prevent pipes from cracking in May."The pipe will face an 'important test' in May as snow and ice will melt at that time, bringing challenges to us. We will try to ensure its smooth operation," he said.

MADRID, Jan. 5 (Xinhua) -- Vice Premier Li Keqiang's visit to Spain will vigorously boost the development of the comprehensive strategic partnership between China and Spain, and turn a new chapter of bilateral trade and economic cooperation, a Chinese official said here on Wednesday.Gao Hucheng, China's international trade representative and vice minister of commerce, told reporters in Madrid that Li's ongoing Europe tour is the first foreign trip by Chinese leaders in 2011 and the choice of Spain as the first leg demonstrates the importance that China has attached to its ties with Spain and its strong will to promote cooperation with Spain.Li arrived here Tuesday for a three-day official visit to Spain. He will later visit Germany and Britain in his three-nation Europe tour.Gao hailed the ever closer trade relations between China and Spain, their increasing two-way investments and new progress in their cooperation in major projects such as in the energy field.Gao said both sides have been deepening cooperation in some traditional areas like finance and telecommunication, and making new achievements in new energy and brand cooperation.During Li's visit to Spain, the two sides signed a series of agreements on economic and trade cooperation in the financial, petroleum and chemical, renewable energy, nuclear power equipment and food sectors, he said, adding that the deals are worth 7.5 billion U.S. dollars.Vice Premier Li, whose entourage included more than 80 entreprenurs, Wednesday delivered a speech at a breakfast attended by Chinese and Spanish entreprenurs.The address augmented the confidence of the two countries' enterprises in bilateral cooperation in coping with the global financial crisis, and the expansion of bilateral economic and trade cooperation, Gao said.As a long-term strategic partner of the European Union (EU), China supports the measures Spain and other EU countries have taken to stabilize its economy and financial markets, and it has confidence in Spain's and the EU's financial markets, he said.After the outbreak of the sovereign debt crisis in Europe, Gao said, China has kept buying national bonds of Spain and other EU nations, helping EU countries weather the crisis with concrete efforts.Gao expressed his belief that with concerted efforts by the EU and the international community, Spain and other EU nations will eventually tide over the crisis and achieve full economic recovery.

BEIJING, Jan. 4 (Xinhua) -- A senior official of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Tuesday stressed the acceleration of the nation's cultural sector development to create a favorable environment for its economic and social progress.Li Changchun, a Standing Committee member of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, China's top leadership, made the remarks while addressing a meeting of CPC publicity officials.Noting that the year 2011 marks the 90th anniversary of CPC's founding, the official urged related authorities to accelerate the reform of the nation's cultural system.Li Changchun (C), a member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee, speaks at a meeting of CPC publicity officials in Beijing, capital of China, Jan. 4, 2011. He also urged the establishment of a system to ensure universal access to cultural services, and enhanced guidance of literary and artistic creation.Greater efforts must be made to ensure the prosperity of socialist culture in China, to provide moral support to its economic and social development over the upcoming five years, Li said.Furthermore, he demanded increased efforts to promote advanced socialist culture to increase the international influence of Chinese culture.

XI'AN, Nov. 19 (Xinhua) -- A 100-member team of Chinese soldiers left here Friday for the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) for an eight-month UN peace-keeping operation there. They formed the first batch of China's 12th peace-keeping team to DRC since 2003. They will be joined by a second batch of 118 soldiers who are scheduled to depart on Nov. 28.The 12th team comprises military engineers and medical staff. United Nations (UN) peacekeepers of China attend a farewell ceremony in Xi'an, capital of northwest China's Shaanxi Province, Nov. 19, 2010. Part of the 12th group of Chinese UN peacekeeprs for The Democratic Republic of Congo, including 80 engineers and 20 medicals, set off on their 8-month-long UN peacekeeping mission on Friday.China's 11th peace-keeping team to DRC, made up of 220 soldiers in total, left Lanzhou, capital of northwestern Gansu province in March.