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WASHINGTON, Nov. 25 (Xinhua) -- In the United States, the AIDS epidemic has plateaued, but it is still at "unacceptable high" level, a U.S. expert said ahead of the World AIDS Day."The situation is stable in the United States, stable in an unacceptable high level for at least 10 years and has not gone down. It's still a serious problem," Anthony Fauci, director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), told Xinhua in an exclusive interview.According to Fauci, there are about 1.1 million people infected with HIV in the U.S., of which about 20 percent do not know they are infected. Those are the ones that more likely will infect other people. Since the world's first AIDS case was reported 30 years ago, the U.S. has seen close to 600,000 AIDS-related death. And among the 65,000 new infections each year in the U.S, about 50 percent are African Americans. In the United States, about 12 percent of the population is African American."Our new approach to prevention is to try and get access at community level, to people at most risk, to seek out to voluntarily test, to link them to care, and to automatically get them treatment," said Fauci. "When you get someone on treatment, it is extremely unlikely that they will infect their sexual partner."Fauci thought the international community's battle against the HIV/AIDS has gotten better over the last 30 years.Early on, when the disease was inaccurately thought to be a disease of developed world. There was a denial in many countries in Asia, in Southern Africa, South America and Caribbean, that this will turn out to be an extraordinary problem in those countries. As the years went by, it was clear that it was not a disease of gay men in the United States and the developed world. It was a disease mostly in the developing world when 90 percent of new infections occur in low- and middle-income countries and 67 percent of the cases are in Southern Africa."The response of the global community first was denial and not full appreciation of the potential impact of the pandemic. As the years have gone by, the response has been better and better," said Fauci, an immunologist that has made substantial contributions to research in the areas of AIDS and other immunodeficiencies, both as a scientist and as the head of NIAID.The advance in the arena of therapy with drugs has been " spectacular" and "very impressive", he said.In the early 1980 before there were any drugs, the median survival period of people in the United States who was infected with HIV, was about six to eight months. "Today in 2010, if someone was newly infected with HIV and he's 20-25 years old, and you put them on therapy, you can predict mathematically that they will live additional 50 years," said Fauci.Over the last couple of years, there has been "significant but slow" advances with vaccines against HIV. For example, there was a trial that was conducted in Thailand in which there was a modest degree of efficacy, about 31 percent of protection."That's not enough to have a vaccine available for widespread use but give us some important clues into what next generation of vaccines would be," said Fauci.As to the "three zeros" target adopted by the United Nations this year, Fauci said that it's "aspirational but not gonna be easy.""It is good to set very high goals for the future. I don't think that we realistically are gonna get to zero new infections, zero new discrimination, zero (AIDS-related) death in the next few years," said Fauci. "I think it will take several years to get there. I believe that if more countries and the international community are engaged to play a role in trying to stop HIV, to prevent and treat and care for HIV-infected individuals, that we will automatically achieve that objective."

BEIJING, Nov. 16 (Xinhua) -- A senior Chinese commerce official said on Wednesday that the country will work to optimize the import mix of mechanical and electronic products so they can play a bigger role in China's restructuring efforts.Li Jinzao, vice minister of the Ministry of Commerce, made the remarks at a forum of the ongoing 13th "China Hi-Tech Fair" in Shenzhen.His remarks echoed a guideline issued in March on promoting the imports of mechanical and electronic products during the 2011-2015 period, in which China pledged efforts to encourage the imports of high-tech products.Li said that China will improve existing policies to attach more importance to the imports of advanced technology, equipment and components to spur innovation.Meanwhile, he said China will organize more trading events to exchange and cooperate with international businesses, and will continue to push the United States and European countries to ease restrictions on civil high-tech exports to China.

BEIJING, Dec. 29 (Xinhua) -- Chinese authorities broke up more than 1,800 dens that made or sold counterfeit drugs in cases that involved 3.35 billion yuan (530 million U.S. dollars) in a two-year crackdown, according to the State Food and Drug Administration (SFDA).During the campaign, 13 government departments mobilized more than one million law enforcement workers to combat the sale of fake drugs via online advertising or consignment, seizing more than 5,000 kinds of illegal products, said SFDA deputy head Bian Zhenjia Thursday at a meeting.According to Bian, the action also targeted malpractice during the manufacturing process as well as selling non-pharmaceutical products as drugs.In the operation, authorities conducted more than 28,000 on-site inspections in medicine production factories and halted the production of 98 varieties of drugs, Bian said.However, Bian noted that problems still exist, including rampant illegal drug advertising and online sales of fake drugs, improper manufacturing practices and outdated laws and regulations concerning drug safety.Bian said the SFDA will continue to cooperate with other government departments and step up supervision and crackdowns on the online sale of fake drugs.

WASHINGTON, Nov. 24 (Xinhua) -- An inexpensive drug that treats Type 2 diabetes has been shown to prevent a number of natural and man-made chemicals from stimulating the growth of breast cancer cells, according to a newly published study by a Michigan State University researcher. The research, led by pediatrics professor James Trosko and colleagues from South Korea's Seoul National University, provides biological evidence for previously reported epidemiological surveys that long-term use of the drug metformin for Type 2 diabetes reduces the risk of diabetes-associated cancers, such as breast cancers.The research appeared online this week in PLoS One.For the study, Trosko and colleagues focused on the concept that cancers originate from adult human stem cells and that there are many natural and man-made chemicals that enhance the growth of breast cancer cells. Using culture dishes, they grew miniature human breast tumors, or mammospheres, that activated a certain stem cell gene. Then the mammospheres were exposed to natural estrogen -- a known growth factor and potential breast tumor promoter -- and man-made chemicals that are known to promote tumors or disrupt the endocrine system.The team found that estrogen and the chemicals caused the mammospheres to increase in numbers and size. However, with metformin added, the numbers and size of the mammospheres were dramatically reduced. While each of the chemicals enhanced growth by different means, metformin seemed to be able to inhibit their stimulated growth in all cases."While future studies are needed to understand the exact mechanism by which metformin works to reduce the growth of breast cancers, this study reveals the need to determine if the drug might be used as a preventive drug and for individuals who have no indication of any existing cancers," Trosko said.