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At 3 p.m. ET on Monday, November 26, a group of researchers will be really sweating. The NASA InSight spacecraft will try to land on Mars.After six months of flight, the lander component of the probe will detach itself from the cruise stage and head into the atmosphere. The lander component initially looks a fair bit like the re-entry capsule used in the 1960s and 1970s for the Apollo moon missions -- sort of conical, with a smooth and flat bottom. That bottom is a crucial heat shield that is designed to protect the probe as it passes through the thin Martian atmosphere.The landing is a devilishly difficult feat. The landing capsule has to batter its way through the atmosphere. It will fly through the Martian air at an initial speed of 12,300 mph, and it must hit the atmosphere at an angle of precisely 12 degrees. Any shallower, and the probe will bounce off into deep space. Any steeper, and the probe will burn itself up in a spectacular and fiery death. The probe will first touch the atmosphere six minutes and 45 seconds before landing. During this phase, it will experience acceleration 12 times that of the Earth's gravity. Were the probe a 150-pound human, during the flaming descent, it would weigh nearly a ton.About 3? minutes after the probe hits the atmosphere, a parachute will deploy, slowing down the probe even more. Fifteen seconds later, explosives will blow the heat shield off, exposing the actual InSight probe hidden inside. Ten seconds after the heat shield falls away, the probe will extend its legs, much like an airplane extends its wheels before touching down.The probe will fall for an additional two minutes attached to the parachute and protected by its conical shell. About 45 seconds before InSight lands, it will drop out of the shell and fall toward the surface. As soon as it leaves the shell, its landing rockets will ignite.The actual InSight probe looks a little bit like the Apollo moon lander, with three legs to support it and a boxy top. The rockets will slow it further and stop any remaining horizontal motion. Then, about 15 seconds before touchdown, the InSight probe will descend at a speed of 8 feet per second, before hopefully touching down gently on the Martian surface.The entire landing sequence will take about seven minutes to occur. A radio signal from Mars to Earth currently takes about eight minutes and seven seconds to get here. So the complete landing process will take place before we find out if it was successful. It will be done automatically, entirely by the probe itself. For the scientists and engineers who designed InSight, this is called "seven minutes of terror."And they are right to be worried. Mars is a graveyard of failed probes. There have been 44 attempts by various national space agencies to land on Mars. Eighteen have been successful. Twenty-three have not. Three have achieved orbit but failed at a landing.So, what does InSight hope to achieve? Well, as it happens, a lot. But it's different than the intrepid Curiosity probe, which NASA landed in 2012. InSight will not move around. Instead, it will stay put and tell us of the interior of Mars.One thing it will do is emit radio waves that we can monitor on Earth. By making careful measurements of how the frequency of the radio waves change, we will be able to measure the degree to which Mars wobbles as it rotates. That will tell us something about the core of the planet, specifically its makeup and information on the degree to which it is molten.InSight will also deploy a seismometer to listen for marsquakes (like earthquakes, but Martian-style) and for impacts of meteors on the planet. Information gleaned from the waves the seismometer detects will tell us more about the planet's interior.The third thing InSight will do is to dig below the planet's surface. Using a jackhammer, the probe will drill down 5 meters (16 feet) into the planet and, basically, it will take the planet's temperature.There are many reasons this is interesting. Taking the temperature at that depth will allow planetary scientists to determine how much heat is escaping from Mars. More broadly, this measurement will allow a clear determination of the temperature of the planet much closer to the core.This information will tell us a lot about how Mars formed, which, in turn, will add to the information of how rocky planets, including our own Earth, typically develop.And if you're more of an explorer kind of person and not so interested in Martian geology, it will also tell us how warm the planet is at modest depths, which will tell us if there is any chance of liquid water on the planet. Perhaps obviously, if the Martian subsurface is warm enough, any buried water will be in liquid form and not ice. Finding liquid water would be the key discovery that would make Martian exploration relatively easy. A relatively recent possible discovery of a buried Martian lake was promising, but the data was not conclusive. Knowing that the ground is warm would be very comforting to possible future explorers.Exploring the solar system is the first step toward exploring the stars. The InSight probe will give us --well -- insight into whether this is something that humanity will achieve in the foreseeable future.And maybe Elon Musk's bet on him getting to Mars will become true. 5329

Aspiring British actress Kadian Noble can move forward with her sex trafficking lawsuit against disgraced media mogul Harvey Weinstein, a federal judge in New York ruled Tuesday.Noble accuses Weinstein of sexually assaulting her in a hotel bathroom in Cannes, France, in 2014 and says Weinstein coerced her with talk of a potential movie role for her.Noble filed suit in November against Harvey Weinstein, his brother and then-business partner Bob Weinstein, The Weinstein Company LLC and Weinstein Company Holdings LLC.On Monday, US District Court Judge Robert W. Sweet granted Bob Weinstein's motion for dismissal but denied one from Harvey Weinstein.The judge wrote it would be the first instance in which a plaintiff asked for the Trafficking Victims Protections Act to be applied to conduct like that alleged in the lawsuit. 837

As White House advisers and congressional leaders spar over the next round of stimulus funds, President Donald Trump said on Tuesday that he still has some issues with the Senate GOP's proposal released yesterday.On the mind of so many Americans are stimulus checks, unemployment and the return to school.But when asked specifically what he disagreed with, Trump punted. Despite a Trump administration push for the return of in-person learning, a number of school districts across the US have announced plans to begin the 2020-21 school year virtually. On Tuesday, Ohio’s largest district Columbus City Schools said they will start the year off virtually.Trump has said that federal funds should only go to schools that are open.Meanwhile, the next round of stimulus is being debated on Capitol Hill. While it appears there is agreement between the White House, House Democrats and Senate Republicans on providing a second round of ,200 checks for most Americans, there is intense debate on unemployment. Last week, millions of unemployed Americans stopped receiving a 0 weekly supplement to unemployment checks. Those checks were in addition to state unemployment payments.With those payments no longer being received by Americans, there are questions on the state of the economy given an unemployment rate of 11.1 percent – nearly three times higher than at the start of the year.HIGHLIGHTS OF THE ACT:- ,200 stimulus checks for the same group of Americans who received a check in the spring- 6 billion in funds for schools to hire staff and conduct social distancing- Replenishing the Paycheck Protection Program, intended to help businesses keep employees on payroll- Extending unemployment supplement, although at a lower amount- Liability protection for businesses reopening amid the pandemic 1816

As the end of an incredibly contentious and the heated 2020 election season ends, new research suggests that Americans are more susceptible to falling prey to disinformation depending on which state they call home.For months, Bhaskar Chakravorti and his team at the Global Business School at Tufts University have been analyzing how misinformation has been spreading during this election cycle. Where a person lives often makes them a higher target to everything from fake Facebook accounts to fake Twitter accounts and even fake headlines."We are in extremely more dangerous territory now than we were two years ago," Chakravorti explained.Bad actors, the analysis found, are more likely to target people in states that are either facing hotly contested Presidential or Senate races. Chakravorti says in places like Florida, South Carolina, Kentucky, Montana and Arkansas, voters are more vulnerable to being hit with misinformation. In places like Georgia, Illinois, New Jersey and Minnesota, residents are less likely to be bombarded by false or misleading posts and stories.A person's age, education level and media consumption all weigh into the findings.Chakravorti also says that misinformation is more likely to spread and gain traction on social media."The misinformation is asymmetric in its power,” he explained. “It travels further and faster than truth and facts."Most troublesome right now, the amount of misinformation spreading about voting, from fake stories claiming people can vote after Nov. 3 to false information about mail-in ballot deadlines. Experts also say the spread of misinformation will likely continue long after Election Day.The non-profit Common Cause has also been studying the issue closely."It can result in more uncertainty when there’s already a decrease in the institutional trust and authority that many people feel with their government," said Jesse Littlewood, who works with the group.So, what's the best way to combat misinformation?Do it on the local level. People are more likely to trust information that comes directly from their city or state officials, especially about voting."It’s a real challenge for voters to stay abreast with all that changing information," Littlewood said. 2239

As New Haven, Connecticut, Fire Chief John Alston Jr. spoke to reporters about a spate of drug overdoses on Wednesday, he heard shouting coming from behind him."We're getting another call of a person," Alston said.He quickly helped coordinate the response, and then returned to the microphone.That scene came on the same day that as many as 40 people in the area of New Haven Green were believed to have overdosed on some form of K2 that may have been laced with opioids, according to New Haven police spokesman Officer David Hartman.New Haven Green is a large park and recreation area in the city's downtown.The patients included people of various ages and demographics, Alston said."It's a nationwide problem. Let's address it that way," he said. "It's a nationwide problem that people are self-medicating for several different reasons, and every agency -- police, fire, medical hospitals -- all are strained at this time. This is a problem that's not going away."New Haven police said one person is in custody.Director of Emergency Operations for New Haven Rick Fontana said the patients had symptoms of increased heart rates, decreased respiratory rates and a lot of vomiting. Some people were unconscious, others were semi-conscious.No one has died, but two individuals are considered to be in serious, life-threatening condition. Some individuals who were released from the hospital needed to be treated a second time for an additional apparent overdose, Fontana said.K2 is a synthetic cannabinoid related to marijuana that is frequently laced with other drugs, said Dr. Sandy Bogucki of the Yale School of Public Health.In two cases, Narcan was not effective in the field, but a high dose of Narcan at the hospital was effective in combating the overdose effects. Because of that, authorities believe there was some form of opioid or synthetic fentanyl involved in the substance.The response from emergency responders has been "tremendous," Fontana said.He said authorities have been treating and sometimes transporting six or seven people at one time and the actions of first responders have been "lifesaving." 2131

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