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WELLINGTON, May 24 (Xinhua) -- New Zealand researchers have found a way to stop the growth of certain cancer tumors by " silencing" a group of PAX genes, members of a small family of genes that play important roles in embryonic development, but also allow cancer cells to grow and divide in adult tissue.In an article published in UK medical journal Oncogene, Otago University Professor Michael Eccles and colleagues revealed how they used the PAX8 gene to kill cancer cells.After detecting high levels of PAX8 protein in the majority of kidney, ovarian and thyroid cancers they studied, the researchers used molecular techniques to silence the PAX8 gene in several cancer cell lines."We found that these PAX8-depleted cancer cells ceased growing and dividing. The cells were essentially stopped in their tracks through the failure of multiple mechanisms and pathways crucial to their cell division cycle. They then entered into a state called senescence in which they no longer divided, and after that they ultimately died," Eccles said in a statement from the university Tuesday.The findings suggested that PAX8 could be a good target for the development of new cancer therapies, he said."Any resulting drugs would be a long way down the road, but in the meantime this research helps confirm that a focus on PAX genes may prove to be a fruitful line of attack against a number of cancers," he said.The research was supported by grants from the Health Research Council of New Zealand. It formed the main piece of work carried out by Otago doctoral graduate Caiyun (Grace) Li, now a postdoctoral fellow at Stanford University. Study co-authors also included Professor Antony Braithwaite and master's student Jen Nyman.In 2003, research led by Eccles discovered that proteins from one or more of the nine PAX genes were present in many common cancers. They found that "silencing" the gene expression of PAX2 in ovarian and bladder cancer cells, and of PAX3 in melanoma, led to the rapid death of the cells.

CANBERRA, May 27 (Xinhua) -- An Australian student has discovered a part of the universe that astrophysicists have spent decades trying to find, Australia's Monash University on Friday confirmed in a statement.Astrophysicists have long thought the universe has a greater mass than is visible in the planets, but they had no way of proving it is there.Undergraduate student Amelia Fraser-McKelvie, 22, was on a summer internship at Monash University to learn more about astrophysics, when she managed to solve one of the big mysteries of science.Fraser-McKelvie, an aerospace engineering student, conducted a targeted X-ray search for the matter and found evidence of it within three months.Her tutor, Kevin Pimbblet, said the discovery is significant."We've been looking for this ordinary matter for a couple of decades," he said in a statement on Friday."It's been published in one of the most prestigious journals in the world, so astronomers all over the world will be able to read this article."Scientists had thought the matter would have a temperature of about 1 million degrees Celsius, 1.8 million degrees Fahrenheit, and should therefore be observable at X-ray wavelengths.Amelia Fraser-McKelvie's discovery has proved that prediction is correct, Pimbblet said.The trio published a research paper on the missing mass in one of the world's oldest and most prestigious scientific journals, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society.He said the discovery could change the way telescopes are built.

LOS ANGELES, May 25 (Xinhua) -- NASA project managers bade farewell to the Mars rover Spirit on Wednesday after sending a final set of commands to the stranded vehicle.This marks the completion of one of the most successful missions of interplanetary exploration ever launched, NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) said."Last night, just after midnight, the last recovery command was sent to Spirit," said John Callas, the Mars Exploration Rover Project manager at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) in Pasadena, Los Angeles."It would be an understatement to say this was a significant moment. Since the last communication from Spirit on March 22, 2010, as she entered her fourth Martian winter, nothing has been heard from her."NASA has tried in vain to regain communication with Spirit since it got stuck in sand about two years ago. The rover last communicated on March 22, 2010, as Martian winter approached and the rover's solar-energy supply declined.NASA checked frequently in recent months for possible reawakening of Spirit as solar energy available to the rover increased during Martian spring, but to no avail.A series of additional re-contact attempts ended on Wednesday, designed for various possible combinations of recoverable conditions, according to JPL."Our job was to wear these rovers out exploring, to leave no unutilized capability on the surface of Mars, and for Spirit, we have done that," said Callas.

BEIJING, Feb. 8 (Xinhua) -- China respects the results of south Sudan referendum, which was announced Monday, Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesman Hong Lei said Tuesday.Hong made the remarks in a statement concerning China's view on the results of the referendum."China respects the choice of Sudan people and appreciates the unremitting efforts of both the north and the south to promote the peace process between the two sides," Hong Lei said."China hopes the two sides will continue to resolve controversial issues through dialogue and consultation in line with the principle of mutual understanding and mutual accommodation," Hong said."China expects full implementation of the Comprehensive Peace Agreement(CPA) as well as long peace and stability in Sudan."The referendum, conducted from Jan. 9 to 15, was a major condition of the CPA, which ended a two-decade civil war between the two sides.The South Sudan Referendum Commission Monday announced the final results of the referendum saying that 98.83 percent of the voters had voted for separation.

JERUSALEM, March 31 (Xinhua) -- Two researchers at the Hebrew University (HU) of Jerusalem have been honored with a prestigious award for their study of the connection between several inflammatory diseases, cancer and bacteria.Medical faculty members, Dr. Eli Pilarsky and Prof. Sigal Ben- Yehuda, won this year's Sir Zelman Cowen Universities Fund prize that recognizes significant achievement in the field of medicine.The prize committee noted the impressive contributions of Pilarsky and Ben-Yehuda in understanding complex diseases like cancer and antibiotic-resistant infections, and, in a first, decided to award the two scientists this year.Pilarsky told Xinhua that his research deals with the connection between chronic inflammatory diseases like hepatitis, and the development of cancer cells."The relevance of this discovery is that we were able to establish the link between the molecules secreted with such inflammations and the proliferation of cancer cells," Pilarsky explained, noting that "we discovered that the inflammation favors the cancer cells' growth, and now we are trying to find a way to manipulate these molecules to stop the cancer cells from appearing. ""The importance of these findings lies in the fact that 20 percent of the world's cancer cases are attributed to inflammation processes," Pilarsky pointed out.

来源：资阳报