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BEIJING, Feb. 18 (Xinhua) -- A report by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology said the overall situation of China's iron and steel industry will be better than last year, thanks to the steady momentum of economic recovery.The report said four factors will have positive impact on the iron and steel industry: increased government investment, a clear recovery of global economy, ample money supply in the market and a series of upcoming government policies aimed at promoting healthy development of the iron and steel industry.However, the ministry held that the foundation of the current economic recovery still needs to be consolidated and external demand still falls short, creating fairly big difficulties for the operation of the iron and steel industry.The report said in 2010 iron and steel companies must be prepared to face the challenges of over supply, sluggish international market and rising production cost.In 2009, China's 68 large and medium sized iron and steel companies made 55.39 billion yuan (8.12 billion U.S. dollars) in profit, down 31.43 percent year on year.

BEIJING, Feb. 6 -- The Chinese government is looking at ways to protect consumer rights and develop common standards in the burgeoning pre-paid card industry.The popularity of the cards has flourished in recent years in major cities such as Shanghai and Beijing. In 2007, just four companies in Beijing issued them. Now more than 300 have been registered in the city with the People's Bank of China (PBOC).Complaints have also risen. In Shanghai, where the cards are used most, 4,800 people complained between January and November last year compared with 4,049 during the whole of 2008.Most complaints were about the cards' expiry, as money left on them is kept by some companies."I feel my money on the pre-paid card is very risky since I have to pay close attention to when it expires and try to spend all of it before that date or I will lose it. It's unfair to limit the time available to spend my own money," said Liu Xiaodan, a 26-year-old salesman.It's estimated that the total volume of money left on pre-paid cards after they expire is more than 100 million yuan in Shanghai. The figure for Beijing is not available.The PBOC will launch a series of supervisory regulations this year to oversee the operation of pre-paid card companies, said Zhang Wei, a financial industry analyst. "One of the most important aspects is the management of any money left on the card after it expires. Any investment of money on the cards either before or after they expire must be at zero risk."Fang Xinghai, the head of Shanghai Finance Office, said his organization worked closely with the PBOC to keep an eye on pre-paid card companies."We suggest that special accounts should be opened with the bank where the money on the cards is held to ensure it is safe," he said."If that happens, even if the company goes bust, the money will still be fixed in the account and the cardholders' rights will be protected."Warnings about the risks involved in using pre-paid cards are displayed on the Beijing Administration for Industry and Commerce's website. Complaints about the cards tend to reach their peak during the Spring Festival, when many people buy them as gifts for friends and relatives.The first pre-paid card arrived in Beijing in 2002. Customers can deposit between 100 and 200,000 yuan on them for use at participating shops, restaurants and gyms.Some companies issue them to their employees as an extra benefit.Their popularity took off because they save the inconvenience of carrying money around and enable people to control spending, especially useful if they are given to children or housekeepers.However, the companies behind them are currently regarded as unspecified financial institutions by the PBOC and, as such, are not strictly regulated. That means people have few rights if the company goes bankrupt. They will no longer be able to use the cards, no matter how much money is on them, and will have difficulty reclaiming their cash.Cheng Xi, a 28-year-old engineer, said: "I received the pre-paid card as a gift but I would not buy one myself because I'm not familiar with the pre-paid card company and, if it goes bankrupt, my money would disappear."No matter how distinguished and reputable the company behind a card is, its most important challenge is to win clients' trust."Having a standard trademark like China UnionPay, which has a good reputation for reliability, is necessary for a company to distinguish it from those with a bad reputation. The company that wins the trust of most clients will be the biggest winner," said Clark Lin, a financial analyst at Thomson Reuters.Fu Dingsheng, a civil and business law expert at East China University of Political Science and Law, said: "Part of the pre-paid card company's capital should be classified as a guarantee deposit when the issuers register their companies. In that way consumers' rights can be met to some extent when a dispute occurs."Even though the prepaid card sector is an emerging industry with little or no supervision, the government is speeding up its oversight of the sector."PBOC is playing a leading role in the supervision of the industry. We regard this as an important task to complete in order to protect consumers' rights to the greatest extent," said Fang from Shanghai Finance Office.

GENEVA, March 17 (Xinhua) -- China respected the universality of human rights and believed all human rights were "universal, indivisible, interdependent and interrelated," He Yafei, China's new ambassador to the UN Office in Geneva, said on Wednesday."The principle of universality has been included in the UN Charter, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and other international human rights instruments," He told Xinhua in an interview."China has ratified more than 20 international human rights instruments, including seven of the eight core human rights instruments. This demonstrates clearly China's affirmation of the universality of human rights," said the ambassador, who was China's vice foreign minister before taking his new position in Geneva earlier this month.While acknowledging the universality of human rights, He also stressed that countries might have different understandings about human rights and different ways and means of promoting and protecting human rights because of the "diversity of culture, history, religion and the difference of social systems and development levels.""The Vienna Declaration and Program of Action (VDPA) adopted by the World Conference on Human Rights in 1993 has confirmed that the significance of national and regional particularities and various historical, cultural and religious backgrounds must be borne in mind when promoting and protecting human rights and fundamental freedoms by states," he said.According to the Chinese ambassador, the UN Human Rights Council, which is based in Geneva and comprises 47 member states, is an agency aimed at promoting and protecting human rights through dialogue and cooperation.Nearly four years after its creation, the Council "has basically accomplished its work and is on the right track," he said.He noted the Council had been able to review all the items on the agenda and provided timely responses to the substantive human rights issues.In addition, the Council had reviewed human rights situations in 112 UN member states, including China, through its Universal Periodic Review (UPR) mechanism, which was a "worth mentioning" result.He admitted the Council was not a "perfect" agency and still suffered from problems such as double standards and politicization.The functioning of the Council needed to be reviewed so that its work could be improved and better aligned to the letters and spirit of the UN resolutions, he said.However, the ambassador expressed opposition to any attempts to "rebuild" the agency or to "renegotiate what has been agreed upon.""It is not the time to reform it or rebuild it when it is only four years old... What we should do at the present stage is to find the gaps and fill them in a pragmatic and forward-looking way," he said.The Human Rights Council replaced the former widely discredited and highly politicized UN Human Rights Commission, created in 1946.One of the Council's major duties is to conduct a Universal Periodic Review of all 192 UN member states to scrutinize their human rights records at home, regardless of their size, wealth, military or political importance.Besides its three regular meetings each year, the Council can also hold special sessions to discuss crisis situations.While the Council's Universal Periodic Review mechanism has been widely praised, some nongovernmental organizations still criticize the agency for not working effectively to tackle human rights problems around the world.A review of the Council's working methods is expected to take place in 2011, in accordance with a UN General Assembly resolution.In the interview, He also highlighted China's increasing contribution to the United Nations and its deeper integration into the international system."From the start of this year, China becomes the 8th largest contributor to the UN regular budget, just following the seven industrialized countries," He said.He added China was by far the largest troop-contributing country among the five permanent members of the UN Security Council. Currently more than 2,100 Chinese soldiers are participating in some 10 UN peacekeeping missions.The ambassador stressed China would never shirk from international roles, and that it would continue to meet its global obligations.

UNITED NATIONS, March 18 (Xinhua) -- China on Thursday voiced its support for the liberalization of global trade and opposition to trade protectionism in all its forms in order to pave the way for the economic recovery in the world at large.The statement came as Li Baodong, the permanent Chinese representative to the United Nations, was taking the floor at the Special High-Level Meeting of the UN Economic and Social Council with the Bretton Woods Institutes, namely the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund, the World Trade Organization (WTO) and the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development."China supports the liberalization and facilitation of global trade, and opposes trade protectionism in all its forms," Li said. "We should strive for the conclusion of the Doha round negotiations in 2010 to bring about comprehensive and balanced results. We also need to redouble the efforts of the WTO to promote aid for trade, and help developing countries strengthen capacity building.""Trade is a key driver for world economic recovery," he said. " Since the outbreak of the financial crisis, world trade has plummeted, and trade protectionism is on a visible increase. Developing countries are the biggest victims of trade protectionism.""The overall situation of the world economy has now turned for the better, but with the negative impact of the financial crisis still lingering, developing countries are faced with a huge challenge in achieving the MDGs (Millennium Development Goals) on schedule," Li said.The High-level Plenary Meeting on MDGs to be held in September this year will be a major action taken by the UN system for the achievement of the MDGs in 2015, Li said."China supports the convening of this meeting and hopes the meeting will provide a platform for the international community to hear the voice of UN member states, especially that of developing countries, learn about the difficulties they have encountered in achieving the MDGs, and push for developed countries to truly shoulder the responsibility of helping developing countries, fulfill their commitments and reach consensus on future actions," he added.