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SAN DIEGO (KGTV) — As we approach the November election, all eyes are on a handful of battleground states.That’s because of an election procedure that a lot of people have questions about and one that is unique to presidential politics: the Electoral College.When you fill out a ballot for president, you’re not actually voting for the candidate whose name you see. In California, you’re actually voting for 55 people who you may have never heard of, a “slate of electors,” who turn around and cast the real votes from the state Capitol in December. It dates back to 1787. The Founding Fathers were split on the mechanics of how to elect a president, and “this was the thing that they could all agree on,” said UC San Diego political science professor Daniel Butler.The Electoral College was a compromise between the framers who were leery of giving direct power to the masses and others who opposed having Congress elect the president.“It felt a lot like Parliament, a lot like what the British did, which is not what they were going to do,” Butler said.Article II of the Constitution lays out how it works. Each state gets a number of electors equal to the size of their congressional delegation; their senators and U.S. representatives. California has 55 electors, the most of any state.The Founders set up the Electoral College system under one big assumption: that it would be extremely rare for candidates to actually secure a majority, which today is 270 votes. If the contest ended without a majority winner, it would be decided by Congress.The last election decided by Congress was in 1824. The scenario the Founders predicted might happen once or twice a century has unfolded in every election since.“I think what frustrates many people about the Electoral College is that that majority winner in the popular vote isn’t always who captures the majority in the Electoral College,” said UC San Diego political science chair Thad Kousser.In 2016, then-candidate Donald Trump became just the fifth person in history to win the Electoral College and lose the popular vote, out of 58 presidential elections. It also happened in 2000 in the contest between George W. Bush and Al Gore.The Founders envisioned the Electoral College as a check on the popular vote, able to potentially choose a different candidate than the one favored by the masses, but in practice, electors almost never do that. Most states have laws requiring electors to follow the popular vote.It was big news in 2016 when 10 electors broke ranks in an effort to block candidate Trump, because in every state electors are party loyalists, hand-picked by top leaders. So-called faithless electors have never swung an election.Kousser says for all the recent controversy surrounding the electoral college, there are some major benefits. Because the system empowers states whose electorate is closely divided between the parties, Kousser said it helps mitigate the role of money in politics.“What the electoral college does is it focuses and narrows the playing field to these few battleground states,” he said. “That's where you've got to run ads. That's where you've got to run your campaigns, not in 50 states. If we had to run 50-state campaigns then it would cost billions of dollars to win elections and it would give a huge advantage to whichever side raised the most money.”The other benefit of focusing elections on key swing states is that it pushes the parties more towards the center, Kousser argues. Without the Electoral College, he says candidates would try to “run up the score” and collect as many votes as possible in more populous states like California and Texas that tend to be more politically polarized. 3703

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) - Cal Fire is battling a brush fire near East San Diego County on the U.S.-Mexico border. The flames broke out after 11 a.m. near the Cottonwood Creek area off SR-94, not far from Barrett Junction. 100 acres burned in the U.S., with the fire spreading to 650 acres in total by 7:30 p.m. It is 10 percent contained.The fire has a moderate rate of spread and was burning light brush, Cal Fire confirmed to 10News. There is no immediate threat to structures, officials said.Images from an SDG&E camera appeared to show heavy smoke over the area.Check 10News Pinpoint Weather conditionsEast County is under an Excessive Heat Warning due to high pressure. Fire danger is also high through the weekend due to the threat of dry lightning, according to 10News meteorologist Megan Parry.Cal Fire has not determined the cause of the brush fire. 859

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) -- Before taking children trick-or-treating this Halloween, families are encouraged to visit The Megan's Law Website where hundreds of registered sex offenders are listed across San Diego. The search tool allows families to look up registered sex offenders in their neighborhood or other parts around the state and see them on a map."Megan’s Law also authorizes local law enforcement agencies to notify the public about sex offender registrants found to be posing a risk to public safety," the site says.The map lists markers surrounding the address used in the search.  Users can input any address and radius for a broader search. Information includes images of the sex offender, known aliases, addresses, description of the person, offenses, and a risk assessment.According to website, some of the registrants are currently in violation of their registration requirements and asks the public to contact police with information they may have about these individuals.The website was created and named after 7-year-old Megan Kanka, of New Jersey, who was brutally raped and killed in 1994 by her neighbor, Jesse Timmendequas.  Timmendequas had been convicted for sexually assaulting young girls.  After serving less than a year in a correctional facility, he  moved into a home across the street from the family without their knowledge. "In the wake of that tragedy, the Kankas sought to have local communities warned about sex offenders in the area. All states in the U.S. now have some form of Megan's Law," the website says.The website indicates that some of the registrants are currently in violation of their registration requirements. Any information you may have on these individuals should be reported to your local law enforcement agency.LINK: https://www.meganslaw.ca.gov/ 1856

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) - As the country celebrates the 50th anniversary of the Apollo 11 moon landing, people in San Diego are looking back at how companies in this city helped NASA achieve the historic flight.You could argue that, if not for San Diego, the moon landing would never have gotten off the ground, or landed safely on the moon.Ryan Aeronautical Company built the lunar radar system that helped guide the lunar lander as it touched down on the moon's surface.General Dynamics built the Atlas Rockets that took some of the flights into outer-space."They didn't take them all the way up to the moon with the Atlas, but they helped set the stage to move forward to doing it," says San Diego Air and Space Museum Marketing Director David Neville.The museum has an Atlas Rocket on display at Gillespie Field, towering above the skyline. It also has the Apollo 9 capsule at Balboa Park.One of the docents at the museum worked on the antennaes that helped the capsules stay in constant contact with mission control."I can bring people over here and point to it and say that's what I did," says Ronald Pitcher, who volunteers at the museum and was an engineer working on the Mercury capusule, the Gemini and the Apollo spacecrafts. "It's a proud moment to be able to do that."Pitcher says he feels privileged to have played a small role in landing a man on the moon. He wishes the US had sent more people up."There's no question in my mind that we should go back," he says. "We should have done it when we had the technology and the poeple and experience and facilities in place."Saturday night, on the 50th anniversary of the landing, the Air and Space Museum will host a party to celebrate. They have family activities planned, including a special documentary screening.For more details on the party, click here. 1820

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) -- As school districts across San Diego County work to piece together how the next school year will look like and how they’ll pay for it, others are joining forces to try and get more resources.Two of the largest school districts in California, Los Angeles Unified and San Diego Unified, announced they plan to pool their purchasing power to secure PPE and other equipment that’s needed to safely reopen.They join the other districts in the struggle to find out how to fund all the changes they’ll have to make to keep up with the state’s guidelines in dealing with COVID-19.Last week, the state’s superintendent of schools released a handbook that looks at the options of possibly splitting up students based on grade level, having them report to school on two designated days, and doing distance learning on the other days. They’re also looking to stagger start and dismissal times.While some parents believe having students return to school is easier than virtual learning, San Diego Education Association President Kisha Borden said, “I also think it will create a need for more teachers, we may have to utilize more of our visiting teachers.”The state superintendent is also recommending face coverings before entering campus. They will not need to wear it while eating.In a statement, LA Unified Superintendent Austin Beutner and SD Unified Superintendent Cindy Marten said:“Schools across the state are working around the clock to plan for reopening because students must have the chance to continue their education. Unfortunately, last week the state published 55 pages of new guidelines on districts with no funding attached. Unless the funding needs are addressed comprehensively in the state budget, there is no way schools will be able to follow all the new recommended guidelines required for a safe, responsible reopening in the fall. It is inappropriate to pronounce public guidelines as recommended best practices and then leave districts without the necessary funding to implement them. Schools must be able to reassure parents, students and staff that their wellbeing is being addressed and these guidelines will now be viewed as a minimum threshold.”Meanwhile, in Sacramento, lawmakers just approved a state spending plan that rejects Gov. Gavin Newsom’s proposed cuts to public education, as the state faces an estimated billion budget deficit because of the coronavirus.Even though the budget plan has been voted on, this could still change, as the governor has the power to veto, sign, or make changes to what’s been given to him by the legislature. 2600

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