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Scans of the lungs of the sickest COVID-19 patients show distinctive patterns of infection, but so far those clues offer little help in predicting which patients will pull through. For now, doctors are relying on what’s called supportive care that’s standard for severe pneumonia.Doctors in areas still bracing for an onslaught of sick patients are scouring medical reports and hosting webinars with Chinese doctors to get the best advice on what works and what hasn’t.One thing that’s clear around the globe: Age makes a huge difference in survival. And one reason is that seniors’ lungs don’t have as much of what geriatrics expert Dr. Richard Baron calls reserve capacity.“At age 18, you have a lot of extra lung capacity you don’t use unless you’re running a marathon,” explained Baron, who heads the American Board of Internal Medicine. That capacity gradually declines with age even in otherwise healthy people, so “if you’re an old person, even a mild form can overwhelm your lungs if you don’t have enough reserve.”Here’s what scientists can say so far about treating those who become severely ill.HOW DOES COVID-19 HARM THE LUNGS?The new coronavirus, like most respiratory viruses, is spread by droplets from someone’s cough or sneeze. The vast majority of patients recover, most after experiencing mild or moderate symptoms such as fever and cough. But sometimes the virus makes its way deep into the lungs to cause pneumonia.Lungs contain grapelike clusters of tiny air sacs called alveoli. When you breathe, oxygen fills the sacs and passes straight into blood vessels that nestle alongside them. Pneumonia occurs when an infection -- of any sort, not just this new virus -- inflames the lungs’ sacs. In severe cases they fill with fluid, dead cells and other debris so oxygen can’t get through.If other countries have the same experience as China, about 5% of COVID-19 patients could become sick enough to require intensive careHOW DOES THAT DAMAGE APPEAR?Doctors at New York’s Mount Sinai Health System analyzed 121 chest CT scans shared by colleagues in China and spotted something unusual.Healthy lungs look mostly black on medical scans because they’re full of air. An early infection with bacterial pneumonia tends to show up as a white blotch in one section of one lung. Pneumonia caused by a virus can show up as hazy patches that go by a weird name -- “ground glass opacities.”In people who get COVID-19 pneumonia, that haze tends to cluster on the outside edge of both lungs, by the ribs, a distinctive pattern, said Dr. Adam Bernheim, a radiologist at Mount Sinai.As infection worsens, the haze forms rounder clusters and gradually turns more white as the air sacs become increasingly clogged.HOW TO TREAT THE PNEUMONIA?There are no drugs so far that directly attack the new coronavirus, although doctors are trying some experimentally, including an old malaria treatment and one under development to treat Ebola.“The best treatment we have is supportive care,” said Dr. Aimee Moulin, an emergency care physician at the University of California Davis Medical Center.That centers around assistance in breathing when the oxygen levels in patients’ blood starts to drop. For some people, oxygen delivered through a mask or tubes in the nose is enough. More severely ill patients will need a breathing machine.“The goal is to keep the person alive until the disease takes its course” and the lungs begin to heal, explained Mount Sinai’s Dr. Neil Schachter.The very worst cases develop an inflammatory condition called ARDS -- acute respiratory distress syndrome — that floods the lungs with fluid. That’s when the immune system’s attempt to fight infection “is going crazy and itself attacking the lung,” Baron explained.Many things besides the coronavirus can cause the condition, and regardless of the cause, it comes with a high risk of death.WHAT ELSE IS IMPACTED?Severe pneumonia of any sort can cause shock and other organ damage. But in a webinar last week, Chinese doctors told members of the American College of Cardiology to watch for some additional problems in severe COVID-19, especially in people with heart disease. The worst off may need blood thinners as their blood starts to abnormally clot, and the heart itself may sustain damage not just from lack of oxygen but from the inflammation engulfing the body.Another caution: The sickest patients can deteriorate rapidly, something a hospital in Kirkland, Washington, witnessed.Of 21 patients who needed critical care at Evergreen Hospital, 17 were moved into the ICU without 24 hours of hospital admission, doctors reported last week in the 4639

SARASOTA, Fla. — A Sarasota, Florida, man found a priceless necklace containing a mother's ashes inside a pendant on Siesta Key and is hoping social media will help him find its owner.Shawn Rauch told ABC Action News he was metal detecting the beach, as he often does, when he found the silver necklace with the word "Mom" on it."I found it in neck-deep water at Siesta Key on Sunday night," Rauch said. "I was in front of the red lifeguard tower."Rauch shared his discovery on his Facebook page and on the 519

Several telecommunications giants have announced that they are offering some customers free internet access in order to allow more people to work from home and stay in touch with quarantined loved ones.Comcast announced Thursday it is offering two months of 270

Several memorial services will take place in the coming days in honor of George Floyd — the Minneapolis man who died in police custody and whose death has sparked several days of anti-police protests in dozens of cities across the country.The 255

Richie Flores is a lead blind ambassador for the Blind Café. He guides an experience where people sit and eat in complete pitch-black darkness. "The first 15 minutes are always the most challenging for folks, so just know the longer you can hold out and work with us on it, it gets better, OK?" Flores says.Although Flores hosts events across the nation, his group today is with first-generation students, the first in their family to go to college.Before heading into the dark room, the students anticipate what to expect. "I'm anxious that I don't know what's ahead of me, but I'm excited for this experience," one student says."Not too comfortable in pitch darkness," another student expresses.The Blind Cafe is a national organization staffed by people who are either blind or visually impaired, since they already know how to navigate the world without sight. Flores says he lost his eyesight to cancer at the age of 3. But for the guests, it’s an eye opener and a path to better communication skills. "I really like the vulnerability that people show in the dark, and the community that it brings together," says Casey Papp with the Blind Cafe. "We create a safe container for people to feel uncomfortable.""Sometimes out in the visual world, we come in with judgments and choose not to talk," Flores says. "And when you're in the dark, and you're having to use your words, you have to talk and have to communicate."With hands on each other's shoulders, the students walk in."The moment you walk in, it's like a whole different world," one student says, while in complete darkness."I get really claustrophobic, so I'm feeling that," another student says.For 15 minutes, the students touch and taste different foods in front of them. Some say they can’t tell the difference between a cherry tomato and a grape. Others say their eyes want to focus on something, but they never do. After some time and reflection, the lesson suddenly becomes clear."Most people they walk out of the dark with something that they didn't have going in, or a different perspective, or some piece of themselves that they didn't realize they weren't in touch with," Papp says.Eventually, they're back into what's familiar as they walk out of the room."When you're in darkness, you experience a whole new sense of who you are, and what you can become. I just really let it flow, and let my emotions run through," one student says of the experience."That's what we're doing for college. Just kind of going into it blindly, not knowing what's going to happen or what to expect, but just knowing that it will hopefully make us a better person after and make us stronger," another student says.Flores says the experience isn't a simulation on blindness or an empathy program."It's all about creating community through empowering communication, the enjoyment and what that brings to your soul, and also what music brings to your soul," Flores says.Sometimes all it takes is a new outlook on life to change your mindset and move forward with positivity."Be proud of who you are, your culture, your language, your identities... and just keep going," Flores says. 3147