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Back to school time usually means it's time for a new backpack.Nowadays there are tons of choices in how kids can lug around their belongings. Rolling backpacks, shoulder sling options, or the traditional two-strap pack. But which one is right for them?Will it support their back? Stay together through the school year? Does it look good? These are some of the questions parents grapple with in the middle of shopping aisles.A study by UC San Diego researchers found that children commonly carry about 10 to 20 percent of their body weight in backpacks, which is also the limit recommended by the American Academy of Pediatrics.UCSD researchers tested the correlation between backpack weight and a child's back pain. They tested a group of 8 children and measured spinal pressure at three different amounts of backpack weight meant to mimic 10, 20, and 30 percent of their weight.They found that as the weight of the backpack load increases, back pain in children increases and spinal disc height shrinks as lumbar asymmetry grows.Which brings us back to the original question: How do you make sure a backpack is right for a child? A graphic from the folks at RetailMeNot have outlined how a backpack should rest on a child:Safety strapsBackpack straps are more important than kids think. Shoulder straps should be wide and padded to help distribute the pack's weight evenly, according to the website Healthy Children. Abdominal straps also help distribute weight across the waist, hips, and back.It's also recommended not to wear backpacks on only one shoulder, which shifts all that weight and leads to neck and back pain.Wearing it rightThe top of a backpack should sit one to two inches below the top of the shoulders. Also, the pack should not sit more than four inches below the waistline.The bottom of the backpack should align with the curve of the lower back.Preventing injury on the goWhile at school, its important for kids to be careful while lugging around their backpack. If possible, students should stop by their lockers often to unload any unneeded gear from their backpack. If bending down, kids should use both of their knees while wearing a backpack and not bend at the waist.Learning back-strengthening exercises can also help build up muscles primarily used while carrying weight.Consult a pediatrician if necessaryTalking with your child's doctor about back health is vital. Speak with your child as well about being vocal about back discomfort. And for parents, don't ignore complaints about back pain.If may also be worth speaking with school administrators about lightening the load of work carried around or buying separate textbooks to keep at home. 2740

As summer winds down, doctors across the country are warning flu season is fast approaching. Many are watching Australia to see what may happen here when flu season arrives."Where Australia is obviously in the Southern Hemisphere, they're in winter while we’re in summer. We look at their flu season as kind of a six-month predictor of how ours is going to turn out," says Dr. Kenny Banh, the assistant dean of undergraduate medical education at UCSF-Fresno.The number of flu cases in Australia has taken a dramatic dip compared to last year. Dr. Banh says it's unclear if the U.S.'s flu rates will be as low as Australia's.A lot of it has to do with coronavirus precautions that people are taking, Banh hypothesizes."That's what we predict. It's not really so much a change in vaccination rates as much as the social distancing and all the preventative steps of coronavirus that are having the same effect of spreading any disease, including influenza," says Dr. Banh.Doctors say strict measures in Australia to protect people from COVID-19, such as physical distancing, wearing masks and hand washing, have helped prevent the spread of the virus and, incidentally, the flu. Now, some are wondering whether the United States will also see a drop in flu cases this winter."Seeing that they have a drop in influenza, we will certainly have a small influenza season. The issue is Australia is approaching, and the U.S. is approaching coronavirus very different. Their rates are different and they have a much lower per capita infection rate than we have in the U.S. for various reasons," says Dr. Banh.Australia has taken a broader, nationwide approach to protecting people against COVID-19, unlike in the United States, where each state has implemented different restrictions. That's one reason why Dr. Tanya Altmann with the American Academy of Pediatrics recommends every person, 6 months of age and older, gets a flu vaccine."I think this winter, it may be hard to differentiate between the flu and COVID-19 because so many of the symptoms-- cough, fever, aches, chills, are very similar. So by getting the flu vaccine and decreasing the chance your child has influenza, that will help us figure it out," says Dr. Altmann.Dr. Banh says Australia's plummeting flu rates and nationwide protective measures from COVID-19 will hopefully encourage many here in the United States to take the necessary precautions to keep everyone as healthy as possible this winter. 2470

At least 10 people have died after flash flooding hit the Aude region of southern France, local officials said Monday.Roads were cut off and cars overturned after three months' worth of rain fell in six hours overnight Sunday into Monday, causing rivers to flood.An 88-year-old nun was killed after water swept through a nunnery in Villardonnel, while four people died overnight in nearby Villegailhenc.The death toll was lowered by the Ministry of the Interior, after initially being placed at 13. Another person is missing and five are seriously injured, officials said.Seven hundred firemen and seven helicopters have been mobilized in response to the flooding, which has reached unprecedented levels in the Aude valley, according to France's flooding watchdog, Vigicrues. 783

As national rates of hospitalizations, deaths and positive cases of the coronavirus spike, CDC data shows Americans of color who contract the virus are more likely to end up in the hospital.The hospitalization rate overall for Hispanic or Latino COVID-19 patients is about 4.2 times higher than white patients. For American Indians, Alaska Natives, and Black patients, they are roughly 4 times more likely to be hospitalized than white patients.Patients between the ages of 18-49 who are Hispanic, Latino, American Indian or Alaska native are 7 times more likely than white patients of the same age to be hospitalized. Black patients between 18-and-49 years old are nearly 5 times more likely than white patients of the same age to be hospitalized.The findings are part of the CDC’s weekly report on the coronavirus pandemic in America.Weekly rates of hospitalizations have been increasing this fall since late September. Overall, the increase has been driven by patients who are older than 50. However, the CDC finds that weekly hospitalization rates among children have been increased for the last two weeks.The nationwide percent of positivity rate for specimens tested for COVID-19 is at 10.5 percent for the week ending November 7. It was 8.4 percent the week before.As of November 17, the U.S. has reported more than 11.2 million cases of the coronavirus since the pandemic started in March. Nearly a million of those cases happened in just the last week or so, as the virus spreads rapidly across the country. There have been almost 248,000 deaths in this country from the coronavirus. 1600

As September is NICU Awareness Month, parents of NICU babies are working to serve as a voice for families who are trying to navigate the overwhelming and often terrifying experience of watching your baby in a neonatal intensive care unit, especially during a pandemic.When Andi Petito was 21 weeks pregnant, she went in for a simple and common anatomy scan of her baby.“When she got really quiet and excused herself,” Petito said about a routine appointment. The technician who performed the ultrasound returned with the doctor who said there were some major problems, Petito was sent to the hospital where she would remain on bed rest until she went into labor. Petito gave birth to River at 24 weeks, weighing 1 pound, 7 ounces. River was transferred to the NICU.“They warn you it's a roller coaster and they try to prepare you but you’re not really prepared for the ups and downs,” Petito said.That roller coaster is how they describe the NICU.“Terrifying, stressful and, I mean, we lived on edge,” Petito said. “You almost feel paranoid because you’re so worried about her compromised immune system, comprised lungs. Kind of like we’re all living now, but no one else is joining you in it.”Neonatologist Dr. Melinda Elliott said no one expects, prepares or plans for a NICU stay.“Nobody plans to meet me, nobody plans to meet the doctor who specializes in sick babies,” Elliott said.She said parents should not focus on all of the machines and equipment that surround your newborn.“The best thing you can do is turn the other way and focus on your baby,” Elliott said. “Just look at your baby because that baby is your baby no matter how small or how sick. You’re the only parent that baby has.”Elliott said the pandemic has stripped the visitor policy. Usually, there's only one parent allowed in at a time. While that's hard for already stressed families to manage, she reminds parents to focus on the importance of nutrition and to continue to advocate for your baby.“Probably the biggest piece of advice is just ask questions, keep asking,” Elliott said. “If you don’t get an answer you like, ask again and find somebody else to ask. You deserve to understand what’s going on with your baby:”Now, after 129 days in the NICU, that once tiny little baby is 3 years old, and likes to discuss her favorite color, pink, and all things Paw Patrol. Petito said she got through the NICU by doing her own research, being her own advocate, fighting for what her baby needs and by being honest with herself.“It’s OK to fall apart sometimes,” Petito said. “Parenthood is not what you envision when your child is not able to come home with you and everything has been blown up and so it’s okay if you need to cry and fall apart and pick yourself back up and go to the NICU.”The Petitos have now given River a sibling. Fern is happy and healthy and didn't need the NICU. And while it was never an easy roller coaster ride, they say it made River the strongest little fighter they know. 2987