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WASHINGTON (AP) — Under pressure from moderates in both parties, House Speaker Nancy Pelosi and Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell have initiated late-game negotiations in hopes of combining a coronavirus relief package.In all likelihood, the package will contain less than trillion with a separate .4 trillion government-wide omnibus spending bill. After lengthy delays, optimism is finally building in Washington for a COVID-19 aid bill that would offer relief for businesses, the unemployed, schools and health care providers, among others struggling as caseloads are spiking. Success is not certain and considerable differences remain over details, such aid to states and local governments, liability protections for businesses and universities reopening during the pandemic, and whether to issue a second round of ,200 direct payments to most Americans.But renewing soon-to-expire jobless benefits, providing a second round of “paycheck protection” subsidies, and funding to distribute vaccines are sure bets to be included in any deal. 1060

WASHINGTON (AP) — The House has approved legislation that would reverse recent changes in U.S. Postal Service operations. The measure would also send billion in emergency funds to shore up the agency ahead of November's presidential election. Passage was 257 to 150 and came after heated debate. President Donald Trump had urged a no vote, calling concerns over mail delivery a “hoax," and the White House says he will veto the bill if it passes the GOP-led Senate. More than two dozen Republicans broke with the president and backed the legislation. 562

WASHINGTON (AP) — The Trump administration has laid down rules aimed at preventing residents in high-tax states from avoiding a new cap on widely popular state and local tax deductions. The action over the new Republican tax law pits the government against high-tax, heavily Democratic states in an election-year showdown.The Treasury Department's rules released Thursday target moves by states like New York, New Jersey and California — where residents could see substantial increases in their federal tax bills next spring because of the ,000 cap on state and local deductions. Experts say the issue likely will have to be resolved by the federal courts.Four states — Connecticut, Maryland, New Jersey and New York — already have sued the federal government over the deduction cap, asserting it's aimed at hurting a group of Democratic states and tramples on their constitutional budget-making authority.A dozen states have taken or are considering measures to get around the cap. Most of the workarounds take advantage of federal deductions for charitable contributions — which aren't capped — in place of the old deductions for paying state and local income taxes. So people's state and local taxes exceeding ,000, which can't be deducted, are turned into deductible charitable donations.The new rules' "dollar-for-dollar" limit also applies to many other states that already have charitable funds offering tax breaks, senior Treasury officials said. Those states include solidly Republican ones and others with relatively low taxes. In those programs, donors to schools, hospitals or land conservation programs can get their state taxes reduced in return — plus a charitable deduction on their federal tax returns.The limit means taxpayers only can deduct as a charitable contribution the portion of their donation for which they don't also get a state tax credit.But some experts said the Treasury rules seem to be designed to protect those existing charitable programs in some states. An exception to the "dollar-for-dollar" requirement "plainly appears to be designed to protect certain ... pre-existing state regimes," said Daniel Rosen, a tax lawyer at Baker McKenzie who is a former IRS official.Treasury said it expects that only about 1 percent of all U.S. taxpayers would see a reduction of their tax credits for donations to private-school voucher fund. Several states — Alabama, Arizona, Georgia, Montana and South Carolina — allow taxpayers who donate to private-school funds to get a 100 percent credit against their state taxes, according to data compiled by the Institute on Taxation and Economic Policy.___HOW DO THE LIMITS WORK UNDER THE NEW RULES?Dollar-for-dollar: When a taxpayer receives a benefit in return for donating to charity, the taxpayer should only be able to deduct the net value of the donation as a charitable contribution, Treasury says.An example: You donate ,000 to a charity in a state that offers a 70 percent tax credit, so 0 in this case. You would only be able to claim a 0 charitable deduction on your federal return.There is an exception. If the state tax credits don't exceed 15 percent of the amount donated, so up to a 0 state tax credit on a ,000 donation, the taxpayer could claim the full amount as a charitable deduction.___WHY IS THIS IMPORTANT?Taxpayers could have less incentive to donate without getting a deduction or having the deduction reduced.All states rely on property and income taxes to fund an array of services such as education, health care and public safety. Advocates for restoring the full state and local deductions say that the reduced property tax deduction brings a decrease in the value of taxpayers' homes, possibly spurring residents of high-tax states to move elsewhere and crimping funding for local programs.___WHAT'S HAPPENING IN THE HIGH-TAX STATES?Measures designed to work around the ,000 cap have been adopted in Connecticut, New Jersey, New York and Oregon, and introduced or explored publicly by officials in California, Illinois, Maryland, Nebraska, Rhode Island, Virginia, Washington and the District of Columbia.New York Gov. Andrew Cuomo, a Democrat, has called the state-local deduction cap an "assault" on New York by Trump and Republican lawmakers in Washington.In some key "blue" states:—Connecticut has a new law establishing a state charitable fund; donors can get tax credits in exchange for giving.—In New Jersey, where high local property taxes are the major issue, the state is allowing local schools and governments to use the charitable workaround. But so far, no towns have notified authorities that they've set up funds to receive contributions — because state regulators haven't issued the necessary rules, experts say.—New York is offering three options: One like Connecticut's, one like New Jersey's and another to let employers pay payroll taxes for employees, who would receive credits to cancel out the income taxes they would have paid otherwise.—In Maryland, about 500,000 residents — over 18 percent of state taxpayers — will together lose .5 billion in state and local deductions, according to state estimates.___Mulvihill reported from Cherry Hill, New Jersey. Associated Press writer Michael Catalini in Trenton, New Jersey, contributed to this report. 5305

WASHINGTON (AP) — Winter hit U.S. honeybees hard with the highest loss rate yet, an annual survey of beekeepers showed.The annual nationwide survey by the Bee Informed Partnership found 37.7% of honeybee colonies died this past winter, nearly 9 percentage points higher than the average winter loss.The survey of nearly 4,700 beekeepers managing more than 300,000 colonies goes back 13 years and is conducted by bee experts at the University of Maryland, Auburn University and several other colleges.Beekeepers had been seeing fewer winter colony losses in recent years until now, said Maryland's Dennis vanEngelsdorp, president of the bee partnership and co-author of Wednesday's survey."The fact that we suddenly had the worst winter we've had ... is troubling," vanEngelsdorp said.Some bees usually die over winter, but until the past couple decades, when a combination of problems struck colonies, losses rarely exceeded 10%, he said.Bees pollinate billion worth of U.S. food crops. One-third of the human diet comes from pollinators, including native wild bees and other animals, many of which are also in trouble, according to the U.S. Department of Agriculture."We should be concerned on multiple levels," said University of California, Berkeley, agricultural social scientist Jennie Durant, who has a separate study this week on loss of food supply for bees.Year-to-year bee colony losses, which include calculations for summer, were 40.7%, higher than normal, but not a record high, the survey found."The beekeepers are working harder than ever to manage colonies but we still lose 40-50% each year... unacceptable," Swiss bee expert Jeff Pettis, who wasn't part of the survey, said in an email.For more than a decade, bees have been in trouble with scientists blaming mites, diseases, pesticides and loss of food.This past winter's steep drop seems heavily connected to the mites, vanEngelsdorp said. Beekeepers report that chemicals that kill mites don't seem to be working quite as well and mite infestation is worsening, he said. Those mites feed on the bees' fats and that's where the insects store protein and center their immune response.Durant's study in this week's journal Land Use Policy found that changes in food supply in the Midwest's Prairie Pothole Region, a hot spot for honeybee colonies, has been a major factor in losses. That area has lost wetland areas with clover bees feed on.Other areas have been converted to corn and soy crops, which don't feed bees, she said.As bad as the survey numbers are, vanEngelsdorp said, "We're not really worried about honeybees going extinct... I'm more worried that the commercial beekeepers will go out of business." 2695

WASHINGTON, D.C. -- For weeks now, protests have touched every part of America, drawing people out of their homes and into the national debate over police reform and racial inequality.“Hands up – don’t shoot! Hands up – don’t shoot!” could be heard from protesters at a recent gathering in Ville Platte, Louisiana.Yet, while free speech is a part of the First Amendment, it doesn’t extend as far as you might think.One example: your job.“Those protections are nuanced,” said Mark Gaston Pearce, who is with Georgetown Law’s Workers Rights Institute and is a former chairman of the National Labor Relations Board under President Obama. “People are under the false impression that a private sector employment relationship affords you all of the rights that are guaranteed to you by the constitution – but it does not.”In other words, an employer, in a state where employment is “at will,” could potentially fire someone for attending or participating in a protest.“Provided, of course, that it’s non-discriminatory,” Pearce said.There are a few exceptions. Federal and state employees are protected because they work for the government. Unions also have some protections. Also, four states: New York, North Dakota, Colorado and California have specific laws protecting employees’ free speech rights.“But that’s four states in a 50-state country,” Pearce said.There are efforts underway in Congress that could expand free speech protections for employees under the “PRO Act.” It passed the House in February and is now in the Senate.“If labor law is reformed, then that would bring those kinds of protections to the public,” Pearce said.Until then, he added that an employee’s best defense may be found in their employer’s own words.“Oftentimes, a lot of that lies in the employee handbook and the publications they make you sign to prove that you read it – and most employees don’t read it,” Pearce said. “They need to know all of that stuff.”Because even in America, free speech doesn’t necessarily apply everywhere, all the time. 2037

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