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MOSCOW, April 12 (Xinhua) -- Does life exist on other planets beyond the solar system? Are there any other planets like the Earth in our universe? And what does the universe look like?On questions related to outer space, human beings have never stopped observing and thinking.Yuri Gagarin, who made the first manned space flight on April 12, 1961, and orbited Earth for 108 minutes before safely landing, opened a window named "space" to humankind. The Soviet cosmonaut's journey continues to be an inspiration for the world to "conquer" space -- but now for more peaceful purposes.After the Cold War, cooperation on space exploration and scientific researches has turned to a more pragmatic way. More and more countries are realizing that space programs are closely linked with their people's lives than ever before.GAGARIN'S LEGACY INSPIRES PEACEFUL COOPERATION IN SPACEThe UN General Assembly adopted a resolution earlier this month that declares April 12 the International Day of Human Space Flight. The resolution has been supported by more than 60 countries."Man's space odyssey, the fruitful cooperation of many states in outer space would have been impossible without the very first step, Yuri Gagarin's flight," said Vitaly Churkin, Russia's permanent representative to the United Nations.However, the first human space flight was actually a result of competition between the East and the West at the height of the Cold War when the Berlin Wall was built.That competition gradually evolved, however, into a joint space project that has drawn more than 15 nations -- the International Space Station (ISS). Such a project would almost impossible to imagine before.The Mars-500 project in Moscow, aimed at testing the physical and psychological strains on humans during a 500-day journey to "Mars," is another good example of the international cooperation in scientific research. The experiment included six crew members from four countries, including Russia, China, France and Italy.Compared with the times of Gagarin, who died in a 1968 plane crash,mankind has changed its approach to space exploration, rendering it more pragmatic. That's according to cosmonaut Pavel Vinogradov, now a deputy head of the Space Flight Center in the Energy Rocket-Space Corporation."Early romanticism and space race have gone. Countries have been replaced by the business-oriented cooperation in the recent decade," Vinogradov told Xinhua.Experts said the scale and costs of space explorations require massive international cooperation."Space programs have been more money-thirsty even than military programs, so the nations seek closer cooperation," Vinogradov said, "and this pays off."STARDUST YIELDS TO PRAGMATISMUnlike 50 years ago, space technologies now are more closely linked to people and more directly affect their daily lives. Nowadays, one just cannot imagine life without satellite TV or GPS.Veteran cosmonaut Georgy Grechko said orbits have become construction sites rather than military facilities and the space industry itself has swiftly evolved into just another sector of the global economy.Echoing Grechko, Vinogradov said space also is a testing ground for many other sectors, including the bio-technological and pharmaceutical industries."What is just as important, outer space has turned into a platform for close, open, and fruitful international cooperation for the benefits of global, universal peace and development," Russian President Dmitry Medvedev has said.UN General Assembly President Joseph Deiss has said that the newly established International Day of Human Space Flight should serve as an opportunity to reflect on the importance of peaceful use of space to develop essential technologies and scientific breakthroughs."Space technology is used in matters diverse, such as the fight against climate change, against desertification, and against the loss of biodiversity," Deiss said. "The satellite images provided have given essential data when it comes to avoiding the risks of natural disasters."So far, mankind has never stopped making progress beyond the earth's boundaries and the progress itself has never stopped sparking people's imagination about what is possible through the peaceful use and exploration of outer space.What's more, humankind has never stopped the space dream."The task of the government is to inject into the people an ability to dream," said Igor Zadorin, a member of Russia's National Strategy Council.Here is interesting news: NASA's head Charles Bolden arrived in Russia on the eve of Gagarin's flight anniversary and was expected to discuss Russia-U.S. cooperation on a joint flight to Mars by a nuclear-powered spacecraft.What can we expect in the future?

BEIJING, May 24 (Xinhuanet) -- Scientists revealed for the first time the molecular structure of proteins, which enables bacteria to transfer electrical charges, according to a new study. The revelation was published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences in the U.S. on Monday.Scientists used a technique called "x-ray crystallography" to reveal the molecular structure of proteins, which work as atom-sized "wires" discharging excess electricity."This is an exciting advance in our understanding of how some bacterial species move electrons from the inside to the outside of a cell," said lead author Tom Clarke of the University of East Anglia's School of Biological Sciences in Norwich, England.He said this discovery means "We can now start developing efficient 'bio-batteries' as the viable energy source in the future."Still, it could take perhaps a decade to go. Before that, existing uses of such bacteria needed to become 100 or 1,000 times more efficient, he said.The advance could also hasten the development of microbe technology that can help clean up oil or uranium pollution, he said.Microbes might in future be enlisted to clean up nuclear accidents such as Japan's Fukushima Daiichi disaster, he added.

BEIJING, May 10 (Xinhuanet) -- YouTube is adding more than 3,000 mainstream movies to its movie-rental service, media reports said Tuesday.Google Inc-owned YouTube is offering a mix of recent Hollywood blockbusters, independent and foreign movies for 99 cents up to 3.99 U.S. dollars each.The additions will push YouTube’s total movie rentals available to more than 6,000.In addition, hundreds of movies, including some offered before the latest launch, are available for free viewing as with other clips.“By expanding our content partnerships worldwide and stimulating the success of budding filmmakers, artists and entrepreneurs, we’ll ensure that YouTube remains the best place for the world to see and discover rich talent,” Salar Kamangar, head of YouTube, said.YouTube, which built a following by letting users post home videos and amateur clips, is counting on professionally produced content to draw more visitors and keep them on the site longer.YouTube users currently spend about 15 minutes on the site per day on average, compared with the five hours they spend on television, the company said.

JERUSALEM, April 12 (Xinhua) -- Israeli-Canadian archaeologist Simcha Jacobovici may have stumbled upon a major archaeological find if his claim of unearthing the nails used to hold Jesus on the cross during his crucifixion are to be believed.Jacobovici maintains that small metal remains dug out of the soil in a cave in a Jerusalem neighborhood are in fact the nails that held Jesus on the cross, the Ha'aretz daily reported Tuesday.The artifacts were found in a cave in the Armon Hanatziv ridge, about 6 km south of the Old City, during the course of a construction work in 1990. The hilly area now contains apartment buildings.During the excavation of the cave, a stone vessel with the name Caiaphas, the name of the High Priest considered responsible for turning Jesus over to the Romans, and two rusty nails, which Jacobovici believes to be the relics, was unearthed.However, officials from the Israeli Antiquities Authority told Xinhua although they regard Jacobovici as a great archaeologist and documentary filmmaker, they do not believe the cave really belongs to the High Priest of the Second Temple period (between 536 BC and 70 AD)."The reason is that during that period of time there were a lot of people with the name Caiaphas," a statement from the Antiquities Authority said, "And for example, it is inconceivable that every gravestone bearing the name Moshe Dayan, which is very common in these parts, should be ascribed to the same personality who played so prominent a role in our recent history."Dayan was an Israeli army general who led his troops to victory in the 1967 war.The authority considers Jacobovici's contention as "fantasy" that should not be considered conclusive, since there is no agreed- upon evidence backing it up.Jacobovici is standing his ground, however, and contends that during the Second Temple Period the name Caiaphas was uncommon, and therefore the tomb must belong to the infamous priest.Jacobovici, a well-known documentary filmmaker, has produced films about the Israeli-Palestinian conflict and human trafficking that earned him two Emmy Awards.He also worked alongside film director James Cameron on the movie Jesus' Lost Tomb.He expects to soon release a movie about the latest finds, entitled Nails on the Cross.

BEIJING, Feb. 27 (Xinhua) -- Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao said during an online chat with netizens here Sunday that the government is striving to ensure that the people live a comfortable life with security and confidence in the period of 2011-2015.China's development blueprint for the coming five years will place high emphasis on the efforts to improve the people's livelihood, Wen said.To enhance the people's living standards is "our work's starting point as well as the final aim," he said.Greater efforts will be made to boost social development and progress, especially in those key sectors and aspects concerning national development and mass interests, the premier said.Wen began his online chat with netizens at 9 a.m. Sunday jointly hosted by the central government website (www.gov.cn) and Xinhua News Agency website (www.news.cn).

来源：资阳报