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WASHINGTON, Nov. 18 (Xinhua) -- The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) on Friday revoked its approval of Avastin for treating the breast cancer after concluding that the drug has not been shown to be safe and effective for that use.Avastin will still remain on the market as an approved treatment for certain types of colon, lung, kidney and brain cancer."After reviewing the available studies it is clear that women who take Avastin for metastatic breast cancer risk potentially life-threatening side effects without proof that the use of Avastin will provide a benefit, in terms of delay in tumor growth, that would justify those risks," FDA Commissioner Margaret Hamburg said in a statement. "Nor is there evidence that use of Avastin will either help them live longer or improve their quality of life. "Avastin's risks include severe high blood pressure; bleeding and hemorrhaging; heart attack or heart failure; and the development of perforations in different parts of the body such as the nose, stomach, and intestines.Avastin was approved for metastatic breast cancer in February 2008 under the FDA's accelerated approval program, which allows a drug to be approved based on data that are not sufficiently complete to permit full approval. After the approval, the drug's sponsor, Genentech, completed two additional clinical trials and submitted the data from those studies to the FDA. These data showed only a small effect on tumor growth without evidence that patients lived any longer or had a better quality of life compared to taking standard chemotherapy alone -- not enough to outweigh the risk of taking the drug.FDA's Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, which is responsible for the approval of this drug, ultimately concluded that the results of these additional studies did not justify continued approval and notified Genentech it was proposing to withdraw approval of the indication.Genentech did not agree with the Center's evaluation of the data and, following the procedures set out in FDA regulations, requested a hearing on the Center's withdrawal proposal, with a decision to be made by the Commissioner. That two-day hearing, which took place June 28-29, included recommendations from the FDA 's Oncologic Drugs Advisory Committee, voting 6-0 in favor of withdrawing approval of Avastin's breast cancer indication.

WASHINGTON, Dec. 5 (Xinhua) -- A recent study found that low vitamin D levels are significantly more prevalent in obese children and are associated with risk factors for type 2 diabetes. This study was accepted for publication in The Endocrine Society's Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism.High rates of vitamin D deficiency have been found in obese populations and past studies have linked low vitamin D levels to cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. But the mechanisms by which obesity and its comorbidities are related to vitamin D deficiency are not fully known.This new study examined associations between vitamin D levels and dietary habits in obese children, and tested whether there were correlations between vitamin D levels and markers of abnormal glucose metabolism and blood pressure.In this study, researchers measured vitamin D levels, blood sugar levels, serum insulin, body mass index (BMI) and blood pressure in 411 obese subjects and 87 control non-overweight subjects. Study participants were also asked to provide dietary information including daily intake of soda, juice and milk, average daily fruit and vegetable intake, and whether or not they routinely skipped breakfast. BMI is a measurement of body fat calculated from weight and height."Our study found that obese children with lower vitamin D levels had higher degrees of insulin resistance," said Micah Olson, of The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center in Dallas and lead author of the study. "Although our study cannot prove causation, it does suggest that low vitamin D levels may play a role in the development of type 2 diabetes.""Poor dietary habits such as skipping breakfast and increased soda and juice intake were associated with the lower vitamin D levels seen in obese children," said Olson. "Future studies are needed to determine the clinical significance of lower vitamin D levels in obese children ... and whether treatment with vitamin D can improve primary clinical endpoints such as insulin resistance. "

ISLAMABAD, Oct. 24 (Xinhua) -- Samina, 38, was shocked when doctor told her that she has been suffering from breast cancer for three years and due to late diagnosis the disease spread into her bones making the chances of survival very slim.Samina said that she is trying hard to fight the disease, at the same time she holds the doctors of her village responsible for failing to diagnose the disease in three long years. She is also concerned about her three kids too young to accept any bitter reality."I can't see the distressed faces of my children, I can't bear the fear that looms in their eyes, they know that with every coming day their mother is moving a step forward to death," Samina told Xinhua in a very low tone.When Samina and all other patients of that gloomy medical ward for breast cancer patients, in Nuclear Medicine Oncology and Radiography (NORI) hospital in Islamabad, were told that October is being observed as breast cancer awareness month they murmured that the awareness message should be reached to every nook and corner of the country this year so that no other woman would die due to unawareness.In a country like Pakistan where one in nine women is prone to breast cancer and around 40,000 women die every year due to lack of awareness of this disease. They come to visit oncology department of hospitals at a stage when the chances of survival are very remote.Omer Aftab, National Coordinator of the Pink Ribbon, said that Pakistan has the highest rate of breast cancer among Asian nations. It is the most common malignancy in women, and accounts for 38.5 percent of all female cancer patients, with 90,000 new cases every year.

BEIJING, Oct. 25 (Xinhuanet) -- Steve Jobs, Apple's co-founder and former CEO, may be one of the great men who will still be influential after their deaths.The new biography of Steve Jobs is likely to be the top-selling book 2011 of Amazon.com Inc, an online book retailer, according to Amazon spokeswoman Brittany Turner Monday."It could very likely be our top-selling book of the year," Turner said in a statement cited by the Reuters.Steve Jobs, written by Walter Isaacson, former Time magazine managing editor, was landed on shelves in bookstores Monday.But its digital version was reported to be released late on Sunday on Apple's iBooks online store and Amazon's Kindle eBook store.Since its release, the biography, both electronic and physical versions, has performed very well in Amazon.It is the best-selling book on Amazon.com and the top-selling electronic book on the Kindle as well. According to the Reuters, Isaacson was asked by Jobs to consider writing a biography for Apple's former CEO in 2004, when Jobs was going to be operated on for pancreatic cancer.Then Isaacson had more than 40 exclusive interviews with Steve Jobs. The last such interview was on October 5, one week before the giant's death.

BEIJING, Oct. 2 (Xinhua) -- Chinese archeologists have found evidence indicating that the mysterious ancient city of Loulan (Kroraina) once had highly-developed agricultural systems.Scientists from the Institute of Geology and Geophysics under the Chinese Academy of Sciences conducted remote sensing procedures, field investigations and sample testing in the area and found that there were once large tracts of farmlands in Loulan.The farmland featured regular and straight circumferences stretching for 200 to 1,000 meters as well as irrigation ditches running throughout, said Qin Xiaoguang, a member of the research team.Moreover, researchers found grain particles in the area's ground surface, which are very likely to be remains of crop plants, Qin said.These findings show that irrigation farming had been practiced in Loulan for at least 100 years, Qin said.Qin said they also found canal remains measuring 10 to 20 meters wide and 1.6 meters deep in the Loulan relics, indicating that the city, which is suspected of perishing in drought, was once rich in water resources.The ancient city was a pivotal stop along the famous Silk Road, but mysteriously disappeared around the third century AD.Previous historical records suggested that Loulan's economy was sustained by widespread agricultural activity, but no remains or other evidence had been found before the most recent discoveries.

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