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The forensic pathology industry is facing a workforce shortage. These are the men and women who determine how and why a death happens. They are being overwhelmed, and the pandemic has only made things worse.“What you’re seeing now is part of our autopsy examination room,” said Francisco Diaz as he walked around the Office of the Chief Medical Examiner in Washington D.C. He is the deputy chief medical examiner.“The purpose of the medical examiner is to do two things, to determine why people die and to classify the manor of death,” he said.Diaz and his team have their hands full. Here, bodies are brought in, x-rayed, and analyzed every day. Most of them are bodies of those who have died of unnatural causes, like homicide, suicide, and certain accidents.They’re brought here, where seven forensic pathologists work.“As medical examiners and forensic pathologists you are dealing with death and tragedy every single day,” he said.This year the volume has been higher than usual, in large part because of the COVID-19 outbreak. “The peak of our pandemic was April, May. At that time we had that emergency morgue off campus,” Diaz explained. “We handled approximately 400 descendants or dead bodies.”The increase in autopsies needed is not only due to COVID-19 directly, but other ripple effects.“What I see as a consequence of the pandemic is a lot of people are dying at home because they choose not to seek medical attention because they may have concerns that they may get contaminated at hospitals,” Diaz said.If they die at home, they’re sent straight to D.C.’s Medical Examiner’s Office. Most people who die in a hospital are handled by the hospital, except for in certain jurisdictions like D.C. where they will help out with the hospital's cases as well.Regardless of where the cases are coming from, jurisdictions are strapped for resources. It’s a problem across the industry right now -- one that’s been facing a workforce shortage for years.“A lot of the policy makers think that it's a waste of money. You're just spending money on the dead, but everything we do is for the living,” said Victor Weedn, Forensic Science Professor at George Washington University. He’s an expert in the forensic pathology industry.“We are terribly undermanned, under served these days. It is thought we have 500 to 600 board certified forensic pathologists working in the field across the United States and that's simply not enough. It’s estimated we really ought to have 1,200 to 1,500 forensic pathologists.”The lack of workers has become more evident due to the pandemic, and also a growing epidemic. “And then the opioid crisis hit. That immediately caused 10% to 30% more cases because of all the overdose deaths,” Weedn said. “On top of that you have the COVID pandemic. The overdose cases have not declined, in fact they've continued to increase. And now we’re seeing a wave of homicides increasing our caseload still further. We are facing a true workforce shortage.”Weedn also talked about how some of their investigations on COVID-19 patients who passed helped answer some questions we had early on in the pandemic.Increasing a workers caseload is not a great option, according to Weedn. The National Association of Medical Examiners has accreditation standards.“A forensic pathologist really isn't supposed to do more than 250 autopsies a year. If you have more than that it’s considered an infraction of the standard,” he said. “When you start doing more than that, things get lost. Details get lost.”This puts many offices in a bind. “In the face of such a severe workforce shortage you find that people have changed the criteria for what deaths they will investigate and that means there are certain deaths that will go uninvestigated. A murderer could get away with murder. That’s certainly a possibility,” Weedn explained.As the workload remains heavy for many jurisdictions, Diaz said education and exposure for the industry might be their best bet in getting more interest.“I think every crisis brings an opportunity. And I think this is an opportunity for forensic pathology to be on the forefront and let the public at large know what we do, how we do it, and to encourage young people to pursue a career in forensic pathology,” Diaz said. 4266

The company behind Ben & Jerry’s ice cream, Dove soap and a host of other consumer products says it will stop advertising on Facebook, Twitter and Instagram in the U.S. through at least the end of the year because of the amount of hate speech online. Unilever said that the polarized atmosphere in the United States ahead of November's presidential election placed responsibility on brands to act. The company, which is based in the Netherlands and Britain, joins a raft of other companies halting advertising on online platforms. Facebook in particular has been the target of an escalating movement to siphon away advertising. 639

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention is investigating a multi-state outbreak of campylobacter infections linked to contact with puppies sold through Petland, a national pet store chain.Campylobacteriosis, a common bacterial infection, can cause diarrhea, abdominal pain and fever, according to the CDC.As of Sept. 11, a total of 39 people have fallen ill in seven states, including 11 cases in Florida, five in Kansas, one in Missouri, 18 in Ohio, two in Pennsylvania, one in Tennessee and one in Wisconsin. There have been nine hospitalizations and no deaths reported. The first case within this outbreak occurred on September 15, 2016.Symptoms, which typically begin within two to five days after contact with the bacteria, last around a week, though some people don't experience any signs of illness.While many cases go unreported, about 14 cases for every 100,000 people are diagnosed each year in the United States, according to the CDC. Overall, campylobacteriosis -- which occurs much more frequently in the summer months than in the winter -- is estimated to affect over 1.3 million persons every year.Almost every patient recovers within five days without treatment, though drinking extra fluids is recommended. In rare cases, an infection can lead to complications, including paralysis and even death.People with weakened immune systems, such as infants, the elderly and people with cancer or other severe illnesses, are most at risk for a serious infection.People sickened in the current outbreak range in age from younger than 1 year to 64 years old.Most -- 28 of the 39 -- are female and 12 are Petland employees. Of the total, 27 either recently purchased a puppy at Petland, visited a Petland, or visited or live in a home with a puppy sold through Petland."The CDC has not identified any failures of Petland's operating system that would lead to any campylobacter infection," Elizabeth Kunzelman, a spokeswoman for the company, said in an email. "Last week the CDC advised Petland to 'continue to do what we are already doing' and to continue to educate customers and staff to sanitize their hands after handling our puppies."The CDC noted that no matter where a puppy comes from, it may carry a campylobacter infection. Petland is cooperating with the investigation, the government agency said.Kunzelman added that Petland has many sanitation stations in each store and has strict kennel sanitation procedures and protocols put in place by consulting veterinarians."Our extensive health warranty protects both our pets and our customers from bacterial, viral and congenital issues," she said.Most people become infected with campylobacteriosis through eating raw or undercooked poultry. Most infections are singular and not part of an outbreak.By contrast, outbreaks of campylobacteriosis are often linked to unpasteurized dairy products, contaminated water, poultry and produce. Sometimes, though, people get sick after coming into contact with the stool of an ill dog or cat.To avoid contamination from your pet, CDC recommends you wash your hands thoroughly after touching dogs, their poop, or their food. Extra care is needed so that children playing with puppies also wash their hands carefully. Pick up and dispose dog poop carefully, especially in areas where children might play. Finally, you need to contact your veterinarian if you see signs of illness in your puppy or dog.While puppies and dogs with a campylobacter infection might have diarrhea, vomiting, or a fever, just like humans, they also sometimes show no signs of illness.The investigation is ongoing, according to the CDC, which is working with the US Department of Agriculture's Animal and Plant Inspection Service, and several health departments. 3761

The FBI raided Michael Cohen's office on Monday, the personal lawyer to President Donald Trump who allegedly oversaw a 0,000 payment to adult film actress Stormy Daniels in the days leading up to the 2016 election, the New York Times reported. According to the Times, Special Counsel Robert Mueller issued a referral for the raid, although the search does not appear to be directly related to his ongoing investigation of Russian meddling and possible coordination with the Trump campaign during the 2016 election. The Times report does indicate, however, that the raid stemmed from information Mueller uncovered and gave to prosecutors.In order to secure a raid, Mueller went to US Attorney Geoffrey Berman, who was appointed in January. Berman took the information to a federal judge, who green lighted the raid. Berman replaced acting US Attorney Joon Kim, who replaced Preet Bharara. Bharara was fired by Trump after he refused to resign when Trump demanded that all US Attorneys who worked under President Barack Obama to step down. Despite Berman being a Trump appointee, the President said the investigation is a "witch hunt.""I have this witch hunt constantly going on, it is a real disgrace," Trump said. "It is an attack on what we all stand for," It is at an all new level of unfairness."Attorney General Jeff Sessions vowed to stay out of the Mueller investigation shortly after being confirmed as AG. He assigned his Deputy Attorney General Rod Rosenstein to oversee Mueller's investigation. Trump admitted on Monday that had he known that Sessions would recuse himself, that he would have looked for a different attorney general."The attorney general made a terrible mistake when he did this and when recused himself or he certainly should have let us know if he was going to recuse himself and we would have put a different attorney general in," Trump said. "So he made what I consider to be a very terrible mistake for the country. But you'll figure that out."Trump was asked whether he should fire Mueller. "I think it's a disgrace what's going on. We'll see what happens..Many people have said you should fire him," Trump said. "Again, they found nothing and in finding nothing that's a big statement because you know the person who is in charge of the investigation."Cohen was reportedly responsible for paying Daniels 0,000 to keep quiet about a previous sexual encounter with Trump. Daniels has since gone public about the alleged sexual encounter, recently appearing on "60 Minutes" in an interview with Anderson Cooper. The possible payment, which Trump has claimed he has no knowledge of, has also brought questions on its legality, and whether the payment by Cohen constituted as an undisclosed campaign contribution. Cohen's lawyer on Monday told the New York Times the raid was “completely inappropriate and unnecessary.” 2927

The Centers for Disease Control has issued new guidance for employers, giving them various situations they may come across and how they should decide to test their employees for COVID-19."There's a lot of different questions coming out from employers about the whole process of testing, doing temperature taking of employees who are returning back to work again," says Amber Clayton, the knowledge center director at the Society for Human Resources Management.Clayton says employers are grappling with increased uncertainty surrounding how and when to implement coronavirus testing at their offices."Employers can have a policy in place. Per the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission they can test during this pandemic so they could require COVID testing. Now, antibody testing can’t be mandated but COVID testing can," says Clayton.The CDC recommends, in most cases, to only test employees who are showing symptoms.But what if a person knows they've been exposed to the virus but isn't showing symptoms, is a test appropriate?"I think it may be on a case by case basis. So, if it is positive, I think it's probably helpful. It tells you the person did in fact become infected," says Dr. Beth Thielen, an infectious disease doctor with the University of Minnesota.Dr. Thielen says employers should be careful, though, as employees who aren't showing symptoms could have a false negative if they test too early, before the virus spreads in the person's system."The CDC guidance still indicates if someone tests positive for COVID before they return back to work, they should be quarantined and out of work for at least 10 days, that they don't have a fever or they've they have gone without a fever for 24 hours or without fever reducing medications," says Clayton.Employers can ask employees who have gotten a positive COVID-19 test to take a second test, showing they're negative before returning to work, but the CDC doesn't recommend it and says in their guidelines, "Employees with COVID-19 who have stayed home can stop home isolation and return to work when they have met one of the sets of criteria.”Some of that criteria includes 10 days passing since the employee last experienced any COVID-19 symptoms.Dr. Thielen says, this recommendation makes sense."We haven’t detected people who have had culturable virus out as far as 14 days after," says Dr. Thielen. She adds, so far, studies have found that most people who still test positive weeks alter won't transmit the virus to others. She believes employers should continue to look to the CDC for guidance."I think these are some of our leading public health thinkers and they’re making decisions based on a long history of experience based on dealing with other respiratory infections but also newly emerging data," says Dr. Thielen.As for Clayton, she says employers will want to ensure the confidentiality of employees who do test positive while at the same time notifying others who may have been exposed. And also, do some research or consult legal counsel before implementing any testing at the office."Or if you have situations where employees refuse to be tested maybe for medical reasons, those things tend to fall under the Americans with Disabilities Act sometimes, so make sure you’re doing your homework before you implement any type of testing program," says Clayton. 3350