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The Centers for Disease Control has issued new guidance for employers, giving them various situations they may come across and how they should decide to test their employees for COVID-19."There's a lot of different questions coming out from employers about the whole process of testing, doing temperature taking of employees who are returning back to work again," says Amber Clayton, the knowledge center director at the Society for Human Resources Management.Clayton says employers are grappling with increased uncertainty surrounding how and when to implement coronavirus testing at their offices."Employers can have a policy in place. Per the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission they can test during this pandemic so they could require COVID testing. Now, antibody testing can’t be mandated but COVID testing can," says Clayton.The CDC recommends, in most cases, to only test employees who are showing symptoms.But what if a person knows they've been exposed to the virus but isn't showing symptoms, is a test appropriate?"I think it may be on a case by case basis. So, if it is positive, I think it's probably helpful. It tells you the person did in fact become infected," says Dr. Beth Thielen, an infectious disease doctor with the University of Minnesota.Dr. Thielen says employers should be careful, though, as employees who aren't showing symptoms could have a false negative if they test too early, before the virus spreads in the person's system."The CDC guidance still indicates if someone tests positive for COVID before they return back to work, they should be quarantined and out of work for at least 10 days, that they don't have a fever or they've they have gone without a fever for 24 hours or without fever reducing medications," says Clayton.Employers can ask employees who have gotten a positive COVID-19 test to take a second test, showing they're negative before returning to work, but the CDC doesn't recommend it and says in their guidelines, "Employees with COVID-19 who have stayed home can stop home isolation and return to work when they have met one of the sets of criteria.”Some of that criteria includes 10 days passing since the employee last experienced any COVID-19 symptoms.Dr. Thielen says, this recommendation makes sense."We haven’t detected people who have had culturable virus out as far as 14 days after," says Dr. Thielen. She adds, so far, studies have found that most people who still test positive weeks alter won't transmit the virus to others. She believes employers should continue to look to the CDC for guidance."I think these are some of our leading public health thinkers and they’re making decisions based on a long history of experience based on dealing with other respiratory infections but also newly emerging data," says Dr. Thielen.As for Clayton, she says employers will want to ensure the confidentiality of employees who do test positive while at the same time notifying others who may have been exposed. And also, do some research or consult legal counsel before implementing any testing at the office."Or if you have situations where employees refuse to be tested maybe for medical reasons, those things tend to fall under the Americans with Disabilities Act sometimes, so make sure you’re doing your homework before you implement any type of testing program," says Clayton. 3350
The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) released a key report Tuesday that said a COVID-19 vaccine made by Moderna is safe and effective — the latest in a series of rubber stamp approvals that could allow the vaccine to be distributed by the end of the month.The FDA report on Tuesday upheld the clinical trials, which have shown the vaccine to be 95% effective with no severe side-effects. The FDA report says that the data is "consistent with the recommendations set forth in FDA’s Guidance on Emergency Use Authorization for Vaccines to Prevent COVID-19.""FDA has determined that the Sponsor has provided adequate information to ensure the vaccine’s quality and consistency for authorization of the product under an EUA,” the report reads.The next step in approval for the Moderna vaccine will come on Thursday when the FDA's Vaccines and Related Biological Products Advisory Committee will meet and vote on whether to approve the Moderna vaccine for Emergency Use Authorization.The vaccine would then need approval from the FDA as a whole, and then a recommendation from the CDC before health care professionals can begin injections.The release of the FDA report comes a day after the first Americans received initial doses of a COVID-19 vaccine made by Pfizer.Should Moderna's vaccine follow the same approval schedule as the Pfizer vaccine, health care professionals should begin injections by Monday.The U.S. purchased 100 million doses of the Moderna vaccine earlier this year, and Moderna will have millions of doses ready to ship as soon as it receives Emergency Use Authorization.Late last week, the federal government purchased an additional 100 million doses of the vaccine, meaning it expects to have 200 million doses by spring 2021.The decision to purchase more doses of Moderna's vaccine came days after the New York Times reported that the U.S. government chose not to purchase more doses of the Pfizer vaccine when it had the chance earlier this year. 1977

The death toll from a series of wildfires in western states rose sharply Thursday evening, and officials expect more casualties and damage in the coming days.A total of 17 people have been killed in wildfires in California, Oregon and Washington in recent days. More than 100 fires are currently burning throughout 13 western states.On Thursday evening, officials with the Butte County Sheriff's Office in California announced that seven more people had died in what is now known as the North Complex Fire, according to ABC News. That brings the death toll from that particular fire up to 10, with 16 people still missing.ABC News also reports that one other person died Thursday in the Slater Fire, which is currently burning in Siskiyou County, California.A total of four people have been killed in a series of wildfires in Oregon in recent days. One person died Thursday in the Almeda Fire in the southern part of the state, bringing the total death toll to two. Two others died in a wildfire near Salem on Wednesday.In Washington, a 1-year-old boy was killed by the Cold Springs Fire, which is currently burning in the northeast part of the state.USA Today reports that more than 500,000 people in Oregon have been forced to evacuate due to the wildfires — more than 10% of the state's population. Many of the fires burning in Oregon are currently 0% contained — further threatening forest, 900,000 acres of which have already been burned in the state. That's more than double what typically burns in an entire year.“We have never seen this amount of uncontained fire across the state,” Oregon Gov. Kate Brown said Thursday.The New York Times reports that officials in California, Oregon and Washington are struggling to find the manpower for fighting the fires, as nearby states deal with their own outbreaks of wildfires.On Thursday evening, President Donald Trump approved an emergency declaration for the wildfires in Oregon, which allows FEMA and the Department of Homeland Security to coordinate disaster relief efforts. 2038
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention issued new guidance that recent studies have indicated that cloth masks offer more protection against the coronavirus than previously thought.Previous guidance suggested that masks were best used for preventing the spread of the virus. The CDC now believes that masks are effective for both stopping the spread and reception of the virus. The CDC said on Tuesday that multi-layer cloth masks can both block up to 50 to 70% of fine droplets and particles and limit the forward spread of those that are not captured. Overall, cloth masks offer up to 80% blockage in human experiments. The CDC’s analysis found that cloth masks offer comparable protection as surgical masks.“Studies demonstrate that cloth mask materials can also reduce wearers’ exposure to infectious droplets through filtration, including filtration of fine droplets and particles less than 10 microns,” the CDC’s guidance said. “The relative filtration effectiveness of various masks has varied widely across studies, in large part due to variation in experimental design and particle sizes analyzed. Multiple layers of cloth with higher thread counts have demonstrated superior performance compared to single layers of cloth with lower thread counts, in some cases filtering nearly 50% of fine particles less than 1 micron.”The guidance says that mandatory mask wearing can help prevent the need to implement economic shutdowns.“Adopting universal masking policies can help avert future lockdowns, especially if combined with other non-pharmaceutical interventions such as social distancing, hand hygiene, and adequate ventilation,” the CDC said.In an interview with Andrea Mitchell of MSNBC, Dr. Anthony Fauci said that wearing masks is “two-way street.”"Recent data has now shown that as a matter of fact, there's also the added benefit to protect you from droplets and virus that's coming your way," Fauci said Tuesday on MSNBC."“You protect others," he added. "Their masks protect you. And your mask also protects you."In a separate interview on Tuesday, Fauci said that shut downs can be avoided.“We are not talking about shutting down,” Fauci told CNN’s Jake Tapper. “There is always that misunderstanding when we talk about public health measures. We are not talking about shutting down. We are talking about the four or five things I talk about all the time, wearing mask universally, keeping a distance, avoiding congregate settings indoors over outdoors and washing your hands.”Editor's note: A previous version of this story said "masks were best used for spreading the virus" when it should have said "masks were best used for preventing the spread of the virus." That has since been corrected. 2729
The case of the world's most litigious selfie has come to a close.The People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA) and photographer David Slater have reached a settlement in a dispute over who owns the rights to a selfie of a monkey.The photograph was taken in 2011 by a 7-year-old crested macaque named Naruto. 325
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