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WASHINGTON, July 5 (Xinhua) -- Adhering to a healthy lifestyle, including not smoking, exercising regularly, having a low body weight and eating a healthy diet, appears to lower the risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD) in women, according to a study to be published Wednesday in the Journal of the American Medical Association."Sudden cardiac death (defined as death occurring within one hour after symptom onset without evidence of circulatory collapse) accounts for more than half of all cardiac deaths, with an incidence of approximately 250,000 to 310,000 cases annually in the United States," the authors write as background information in the study.Using data collected as part of the Nurses' Health Study, Stephanie Chiuve, of Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, and colleagues examined the association between a healthy lifestyle and risk of SCD.A total of 81,722 women who participated in the Nurses' Health Study from June 1984 to June 2010 were included in the new study, and lifestyle factors were assessed via questionnaires every two to four years. A low-risk lifestyle was defined as not smoking, having a body mass index (BMI) of less than 25, exercise duration of 30 minutes/day or longer, and consuming a diet closely related to a Mediterranean-style diet (emphasizes high intake of vegetables, fruits, nuts, legumes, whole grains and fish, with moderate alcohol intake).During the 26 years of follow-up, there were 321 cases of SCD among women (average age 72 years at the time of the SCD event) in the study. All four low-risk factors were significantly and independently associated with a lower risk of SCD. Not smoking, exercising and eating a healthy diet each were inversely associated with risk of SCD. BMI also was associated with the risk of SCD, with women having a BMI between 21 and 24.9 at lowest risk.Women at low risk for all four lifestyle factors had a 92 percent lower risk of SCD when compared with women at low risk for none of the four lifestyle factors."In this cohort of female nurses, adherence to an overall healthy lifestyle was associated with a lower risk of SCD and may be an effective strategy for the prevention of SCD," the authors write.

RIO DE JANEIRO, Sept. 26 (Xinhua) -- Rio de Janeiro has the highest level of air pollution in Brazil, and is more polluted than many other world metropolis like New York, London and Paris, a World Health Organization (WHO) study said Monday.According to the study, which was carried out in 91 countries and regions, the air in Rio's metropolitan area contains 64 micrograms of fine particulate matter per cubic meter, over three times the upper limit set by the WHO, which is 20 micrograms per cubic meter.Despite being larger, having a bigger population and more vehicles, Sao Paulo's metropolitan area has less air pollution, with 38 micrograms of fine particulate matter per cubic meter.According to the WHO, "the largest contributors to urban outdoor air pollution include motor transport, small-scale manufacturers and other industries, burning of biomass and coal for cooking and heating, as well as coal-fired power plants." The organization said that residential wood and coal burning for heating also help increase air pollution, especially in rural areas in the cold months.The WHO expressed concern over air pollution levels in several cities, as some two million people worldwide die annually from conditions resulting from air pollution."Air pollution is a major environmental health issue, and it is vital that we increase efforts to reduce the health burden it creates," said Dr. Maria Neira, WHO's director for Public Health and Environment.According to the study, Ahwaz, Iran, has the most polluted air in the world, with 372 micrograms of fine particulate matter per cubic meter.

CANBERRA, Sept. 6 (Xinhua) -- A rare virus that can be contracted by humans has killed a large number of Victorian pigeons after being detected in the Australian state for the first time, Agriculture Department confirmed on Tuesday.According to the Australian Chief Veterinary Officer, Dr Mark Schipp, the avian paramyxo virus has already started killing some hobby birds, and threatens to spread to Victoria's chicken population.He said the affected birds have died suddenly in large numbers and have sometimes appeared tired or have shown neurological signs such as circling or head flicking before death.He added that the bug can also cause conjunctivitis or influenza-like symptoms in humans."The virus causes only mild, short-term conjunctivitis or influenza-like symptoms (in humans)," Australia Associated Press quoted Schipp as reporting on Tuesday."Human infection with this virus is extremely rare and usually occurs only in people who have close direct contact with infected birds."At this stage, there are no reports of the virus causing disease in wild birds, but the Australian Wildlife Health Network has been asked to monitor the situation.

BEIJING, Sept. 18 (Xinhua) -- No newly-formed oil belt was detected in the past two days in north China's Bohai Bay from ConocoPhillips' platforms in the Penglai 19-3 oilfield, the State Oceanic Administration (SOA) said.However, new spots of visible oil spills could still be found around platform C, the SOA said in a statement on Sunday.It is estimated that about 4.51 liters of oil leaked into the sea on Saturday, a slight drop from 6.56 liters from Thursday.No oil clean-up work was done on Friday and Saturday due to the strong winds and rough conditions at sea, the statement said.ConocoPhillips China, a subsidiary of U.S. energy giant ConocoPhillips, first reported spills to authorities in June. The oil spills have polluted more than 5,500 square km of sea water in the Bohai Bay since June.The oil spills have spread to beaches in Hebei and Liaoning provinces. The spills have been blamed for losses in the provinces' tourism and aquatic farming industries.The company on Aug. 31 submitted a report to the SOA claiming that it had screened out all potential sources for oil spills and blocked all oil leaks.After days of evaluation, however, the SOA said on Sept. 2 that ConocoPhillips had failed to complete the clean-up.

BEIJING, August 23 (Xinhuanet) -- In the U.S., the rate of injuries related to children and teens falling out of windows declined over a 19-year period, although not nearly as fast as in some cities with comprehensive prevention programs, researchers found.From 1990 to 2008, the overall rate of injuries in children and teens was 7.3 per 100,000 per year, going as high as 11.4 in 1992 and as low as 5.8 in 1999, according to Gary Smith, MD, DrPh, of the Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital in Columbus, Ohio, and colleagues.The annual rate of injuries fell slightly but significantly over the study period, driven entirely by a reduction of 0.426 cases per 100,000 per year in children up to age four, the researchers reported online ahead of the September issue of Pediatrics.That is much less than the reduction seen in previous studies of fall prevention programs in New York City and Boston, which achieved declines of up to 96 percent during a 10-year period through education, increased access to window guards, and a mandate to use window guards in certain homes (only in New York City)."The slower decrease followed by a plateau in injury rates found in this study underscores the fact that prevention efforts of the magnitude undertaken in New York and Boston have not occurred nationwide," Smith and hiscolleagues wrote.The researchers also acknowledged that the study underestimated the number of injuries related to falling out of a window because it included only those children treated in emergency rooms. An additional limitation is that the case narratives often lacked details about the circumstances surrounding the injury, including any suicidal intent.

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