天津武清龙济男科医院治疗阴虱病(武清龙济医院包皮环切术多少钱) (今日更新中)

MILAN, Italy, Dec. 1 (Xinhua) -- Italy has a new HIV infection every three hours on average, the national department of health said in a statement during the World AIDS Day commemoration Thursday.According to the statement, there were about 3,000 new infections in the country in 2010, with nearly one third of those affecting a foreigner.At least 157,000 people are presently estimated to be HIV-positive in Italy, though the country's AIDS infections and deaths continue to register a negative trend.Nearly 90 percent of the new patients acquired the virus through unprotected sex, and were mostly from the northern regions.People discovered to be HIV-positive in 2010 had an average age of 39 for men and 35 for women, more than a third of whom were diagnosed at an advanced stage of the disease, the statement said.Misinformation and a lack of preventive measures are a great cause for concern, Milan's councillor for social services and health Pierfrancesco Majorino told Xinhua at a campaign launched in Milan's La Scala Square."We have to keep in mind that AIDS is something very close to each of us, and adopt all most effective campaigns to provide complete and correct information," he said.A red ribbon -- the international symbol of AIDS awareness -- was formed by a group of people at the center of the square to remind everyone to stay alert to the disease.On World AIDS Day, disease prevention and health information campaigns were launched throughout Italy, including free ultra-rapid HIV-screening tests.

BEIJING, Jan. 17 (Xinhuanet) -- India has reported the first case of "totally drug-resistant tuberculosis," a long-feared and virtually untreatable form of the killer lung disease.Similar highly resistant cases have been noted before. In 2003, two Italian women died and there were 15 cases reported from Iran in 2009. That same year, The Associated Press reported on a case of a Peruvian teenager who was infected at home but diagnosed while visiting Florida.Such kind of TB has mostly been limited to impoverished areas, and has not spread widely. But experts believe there could be many undocumented cases.No one expects the Indian TB strains to rapidly spread elsewhere.The airborne disease is mainly transmitted through close personal contact and isn't nearly as contagious as the flu. Indeed, most of the cases of this kind of TB were not from person-to-person infection but were mutations that occurred in poorly treated patients.The Indian hospital that saw the initial cases tested a dozen medicines and none of them worked. A TB expert at the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention said they do appear to be totally resistant to available drugs."It is concerning," said Dr. Kenneth Castro, director of the CDC's Division of Tuberculosis Elimination. "Anytime we see something like this, we better get on top of it before it becomes a more widespread problem."Ordinary TB is easily cured by taking antibiotics for six to nine months. However, if that treatment is interrupted or the dose is cut down, the stubborn bacteria battle back and mutate into a tougher strain that can no longer be killed by standard drugs. The disease becomes harder and more expensive to treat.Tuberculosis is an age-old scourge that lies dormant in an estimated one in three people. About 10 percent of those people eventually develop active TB, which kills roughly 2 million a year, according to WHO. Each victim infects an average of 10 to 15 others every year, typically through sneezing or coughing.If a TB case is found to be resistant to the two most powerful anti-TB drugs, the patient is classified as having multi-drug-resistant TB (MDR). An even worse classification of TB — one the WHO accepts — is extensively drug-resistant TB (XDR), a form of the disease that was first reported in 2006 and is virtually resistant to all drugs.About 20 percent of the world's multi-drug-resistant cases were found in India, which is home to a quarter of all types of tuberculosis cases worldwide.

WASHINGTON, Oct. 9 (Xinhua) -- U.S. researchers have found a way to block, in an animal model, the damaging inflammation that contributes to many disease conditions. In their report receiving early online publication Sunday in Nature Biotechnology, researchers describe using small interfering RNA technology to silence the biochemical signals that attract a particular group of inflammatory cells to areas of tissue damage."The white blood cells known as monocytes play a critical role in the early stages of the immune response," says Matthias Nahrendorf, of the Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) Center for Systems Biology, the paper's senior author. "We now know there are two subsets of monocytes -- an inflammatory subset that defends against pathogens and a reparative subset that supports healing. But if the inflammatory response is excessive, it can block the healing process and exacerbate conditions such as heart disease and cancer."Cells damaged by injury or disease release a cocktail of chemicals called cytokines that attract immune cells to the site of the damage. Inflammatory monocytes are guided to sites of tissue injury by a receptor protein called CCR2, and the MGH-led team devised a strategy targeting that molecule to block the inflammatory process but not the action of the reparative monocytes.Small interfering RNA (siRNA) technology prevents production of specific proteins by binding to associated messenger RNA molecules and preventing their translation. However, the technique requires extreme precision in developing the right siRNA molecule and delivering it to the correct cellular location.To make sure that their siRNA preparation targeted the right monocytes, researchers first confirmed that its use reduced levels of CCR2 in monocytes and increased levels of the fragments produced when siRNA binds to its target. They then showed that monocytes from mice treated with the siRNA preparation were unable to migrate towards CCR2's usual molecular target. Experiments in animal models of several important diseases showed that the siRNA preparation reduced the amount of cardiac muscle damaged by a heart attack, reduced the size and the number of inflammatory cells in atherosclerotic plaques and in lymphomas, and improved the survival of transplanted pancreatic islets."These inflammatory monocytes are involved in almost every major disease," Nahrendorf explains. "Anti-inflammatory drugs currently on the market hit every inflammatory cell in the body, which can produce unwanted side effects. This new siRNA treatment doesn't affect inflammatory cells that don't rely on the CCR2 receptor. That makes a big difference."

BAIKONUR, Kazakhstan, Nov. 9 (Xinhua) -- Russia's Phobos-Grunt probe and China's Yinghuo-1 satellite were launched from the Baikonur cosmodrome in Kazakhstan on a Zenit-2SB rocket at 00:16 am Moscow time Wednesday (2016 GMT Tuesday).The main aim of the Phobos-Grunt unmanned mission is to bring back the first ever soil sample from Phobos, the larger of Mars' two moons.Russia had spent about 5 billion rubles (about 161 million U.S. dollars) preparing for the three-year mission, which would include drilling Phobos' surface and returning 200 grams of soil back to Earth, according to Russian state space agency Roscosmos.The mission would also collect bacteria samples for two Russian and one U.S. biological experiments.In the meantime, China's first Mars probe Yinghuo will go into orbit around Mars and observe the planet itself.Phobos-Grunt is planned to reach Mars in 2012, then deploy its lander for Phobos in 2013 and return the soil sample back to Earth in August 2014.The Chinese probe, which would not land on Mars nor return to the Earth, is expected stay permanently in the space and communicate with the ground control directly via satellites.The Chinese probe is 75 cm long, 75 cm wide and 60 cm high. It weighs 115 kilograms and was designed for a two-year life to discover why water disappeared from Mars and shed light on other environmental changes on the planet.Victor Khartov, chief designer and director general of Lavochkin Research & Production Association, told Xinhua that the three-year mission is highly complicated."It consists of eight sub-missions: launch, travel to Mars vicinities, separation with the Chinese probe YH-1, landing on Phobos, soil collection, launch from Phobos, way back to the Earth, and final landing. Failure of any one of them could doom the entire project," he said.The launch of Phobos-Grunt and Yinghuo-1, originally scheduled for October 2009 on a Russian carrier rocket, has been postponed until 2011 due to "technical reasons" on the Russian side.

SAN FRANCISCO, Nov. 12 (Xinhua) -- Apple has unveiled a worldwide replacement program for the first-generation iPod nano music player due to overheating battery issues, telling owners to stop using the product and get it replaced for free."Apple has determined that, in very rare cases, the battery in the iPod nano (1st generation) may overheat and pose a safety risk. Affected iPod nanos were sold between September 2005 and December 2006," said Apple in a notice posted late Friday on the support section of its official website.The company said the issue has been traced to a single battery supplier that produced batteries with a manufacturing defect. Since the product is five or six years old now, the likelihood of an incident increases.Owners of iPod nano can check the serial number on the back of the product to see if it is eligible for replacement. Apple promises a replacement unit about six weeks after the company received the affected one.The overheating battery issues of the first generation iPod nano have been known for years. In 2008, Japan's Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry launched an investigation into Apple after dozens of iPod overheating cases were reported, including several incidents of iPod nanos toasting to the point of catching fire and causing minor burns to owners.Last August, a commuter train in Tokyo was delayed during rush hour when passengers complained of a strong burning smell from an overheating iPod nano that had burst apart.The portable music player also cost Apple a 22.5 million-U.S. dollar settlement in 2009 when a class action lawsuit in California alleged iPod nano is prone to scratches and its alleged defects were not disclosed by the company.

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