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UNITED NATIONS, Feb. 11 (Xinhua) -- China Friday urged the United Nations and Security Council to give more attention to Africa and called on the international community to provide greater support to the region in order to maintain peace and security. Addressing an open debate of the UN Security Council on the interdependence between security and development, Li Baodong, China's permanent representative to the UN said the inter-linkages between peace and development are most pronounced in Africa. There will be no world prosperity and stability without peace and development in the region. He called on the international community to provide greater support and more assistance to regional countries, AU and other regional and subregional organizations to maintain African peace and security. Li stressed that security and development are mutually linked and reinforcing. To safeguard peace and promote development, the international community should increase development input and eradicate root causes of conflicts. "Poverty and underdevelopment are the major causes for triggering conflicts and breeding terrorism. The developed countries should further increase its development aid, provide debts relief to developing countries, open up markets, transfer technology and help the developing countries to achieve the Millennium Development Goals as soon as possible." Li said development can be anchored only in an environment free from war and turbulence. The UN and Security Council should vigorously promote peaceful culture, encourage and support peaceful resolutions to disputes through dialogue, consultations and good offices. In addition, greater emphasis should be given to peacebuilding so as to prevent relapse into conflicts. "In post-conflict countries and regions, simultaneous progress should be made in the fields of politics, security and development throughout development and reconstruction process, " said Li. "Capacity building should be prioritized in the post-conflict countries to enhance governance, provide basic services, advance development and reconstruction so that the people could enjoy peaceful 'dividend' quickly. This is conducive to consolidating political reconciliation process and stabilizing post-conflict situations, " he said.

BEIJING, Feb. 12 (Xinhua) -- China's recent revocation of a national scientific award due to academic fraud has been welcomed by the public, but experts warn the country still has a long way to go to bring an end to such dubious academic practices.On Feb. 1, China's Ministry of Science and Technology, revoked the State Scientific and Technological Progress Award (SSTPA) given to Li Liansheng, former professor of Xi'an Jiaotong University in 2005.An investigation found Li had plagiarized others' works and fabricated data in his winning project, a research on key technologies for designing and manufacturing scroll compressors. Li was investigated after the science ministry received tip-offs from six professors (including four retired) in his university.The ministry subsequently canceled his prize and retrieved the money awarded.Zhao Baojing, a senior official with the National Office for S&T Award, told Xinhua it was the first time China had withdrawn a national scientific honor.The revocation soon sparked pubic discussion over academic integrity. Tan Gang, a citizen in Shenzhen, wrote on his microblog, "Though the revocation came a bit late, it is progress. It's a warning against academic misconduct."Shi Ying, vice director of Shanxi Academy of Social Sciences, said, the move demonstrated China's "zero-tolerance" for academic fraud, and would help clean up the academic field."However, academic fraud is still rampant, which not only damages academic integrity, but also harms the innovative capacity of China in a broader sense," said Shi.Anti-fraud activist Fang Zhouzi, who runs a website on anti-academic fraud from his Beijing home, said "This is by far the harshest stance China has ever taken against academic fraud, which should be viewed as progress." He so noted China still has a long way to go in the fight against academic fraud.Fang said, the science ministry's move does not mean China is really cracking down on academic fraud. The plagiarist might have not been found out if it were not for years of unyielding efforts made by the six professors.The scandal again highlights that academic fraud is alive and well in China. A survey conducted among 30,078 respondents in 2009 by the China Association for Science and Technology (CAST) showed that nearly half of the science-related workers in China's research institutes, universities, medical institutes and hospitals think academic cheating is "common."Fang attributed the prevalence of academic fraud in China to lax punishments and loopholes in the academic evaluation system.Zero tolerance of academic fraudChina's science minister, Wan Gang, said on several occasions "We hold zero tolerance for academic fraud."However, Fang said "zero tolerance" was a slogan rather than the actual case. Many cases of academic fraud, even publicly exposed, were "tolerated" eventually. "Lax punishment makes academic fraud less costly."

JAKARTA, April 27 (Xinhua) -- Marine scientists will begin conducting an ecological survey in eight locations throughout the resort island in Indonesia's Bali province that could be developed as marine managed areas due to their biodiversity and coral structure, the Jakarta Post quoted an expert as saying on Wednesday.The survey, which will take place from April 29 to May 11, will be carried out by four international scientists and local scientists from universities.Ketut Sarjana Putra, the marine program director with Conservation International Indonesia, said Tuesday the survey was aimed at identifying marine species and their population in each of the eight locations.Selected from 25 potential marine conservation zones, the eight locations are Pulaki and Pemuteran, Lovina, Les Village, Tulamben and Amed, Padangbai, Nusa Penida, Bukit Uluwatu Peninsula and Perancak Beach. "We will go around Bali, starting from Sanur in the south, heading east, then covering the northern and the western areas, then back to the south," Ketut told the daily.The survey is part of a process to build a network of marine protected areas to effectively manage the island's marine and coastal resources to sustain environmental and socioeconomic value and benefits, with priority given to the eight locations.

NANJING, April 23 (Xinhua) -- At a time when almost every commodity in China is getting more expensive, the dwindling cost of medicine is a rarity.Zhang Jinkui, a hypertension patient, buys medicines from the community health center of his neighborhood in Changzhou, a city in east China's coastal Jiangsu Province.His prescription list includes Aspirin Enteric-coated tablets, down to 1.4 yuan from 4.7 yuan (0.7 U.S. dollars) per unit, and Fosinopril Sodium Tablets, down to 41.39 yuan from 51.6 yuan per unit.Both drugs are found on the essential drug list unveiled in 2009. The list names the 307 most common western and traditional Chinese medicines, which are heavily subsidized so hospitals can sell them at cost price.A consumer buys medicines with the help of a retailer at a pharmacy in Lianyungang, east China's Jiangsu Province, March 28, 2011.All essential medicines are listed by their generic names, and drug producers compete to supply essential medicines through public procurement.Due to a long history of low government funding for state-run hospitals, which often covers only 10 percent of the hospitals' operating costs, doctors have generated income for hospitals by aggressively prescribing expensive, and sometimes unnecessary, medicines and treatments.The essential medicine system and the reform of publicly funded hospitals, two pillars of China's health reform, are designed to address high medical costs and low accessibility of medical services.In April 2009, China kicked off health reforms aimed at correcting these long-standing problems facing China's health system and easing public grievances.Two years later, the essential medicine system has reduced drug prices, but still fails to please hospitals, patients and drug producers.The system requires government-funded grassroots health clinics, including urban community health centers and rural clinics, to prescribe only essential medicines and to sell these medicines at cost price, rather than with the previous 15 percent mark-up.Such policies have brought hard times to grassroots health clinics, especially in cash-strapped areas.Song Wenzhi, a public health professor at Peking University, said "Grassroots health clinics, without the expertise to perform operations and other treatments, rely heavily on selling drug," adding that these hospitals have found themselves scraping by due to the zero percent mark-up policy.Wang Zhiying, Vice Director of the People's Hospital of Anxiang County in the city of Changde, Hunan Province, said four grassroots hospitals in Changde tested the essential medicine system as pilot projects, but the zero percent mark-up policy took away 60 to 70 percent of the hospitals' revenue.Wang was quoted by "Health News," a newspaper run by China's Ministry of Health, as saying that, due to financial difficulties, the county government had not yet channeled the 8 million yuan (1.2 million U.S.dollars) in support funds into the hospitals' accounts, resulting in the resignations of many doctors.The essential medicine system covers 60 percent of government-funded grassroots hospitals and drug prices have fallen by an average of 30 percent, said Sun Zhigang, Director of the Health Reform Office under the State Council, or China's Cabinet.According to the health reform plan for 2011, the essential medicine system will cover all government-sponsored health institutions at the grassroots level by the end of the year and drugs will be sold there at a zero percent mark-up.Song Wenzhi said the key will be the commitment of local governments to health reform and their financial input. This way, essential medicines can benefit the public without bankrupting grassroots health institutions."That would be a great sum of money." said Song, citing his own studies. "There are roughly 5,000 government-funded hospitals in China. One third of them make profits, one third barely break even, and still one third rely heavily on government subsidies."To maintain the poorest hospitals, central and local level governments would need to invest 15 billion yuan (2.3 billion U.S. dollars) each year, according to Song's estimate.

BEIJING, Jan. 30 (Xinhua) -- Chinese Vice Premier Li Keqiang Sunday urged scientists to learn from foreign experiences and increase their participation in international cooperation in polar and oceanic exploration.Li made the remarks after meeting with members of China's 27th Chinese Antarctic expedition team, the 22nd oceanic expedition, and scientists working in the country's Antarctic and Arctic stations via video and telephone.Li said many countries nowadays attached great importance to polar and oceanic exploration, and international competition had grown in promoting the peaceful utilization of these resources.Chinese Vice Premier Li Keqiang (R, front) shakes hands with a senior Chinese explorer in Beijing, capital of China, Jan. 30, 2011. Li conveyed Spring Festival greetings while meeting with members of China's 27th Chinese Antarctic expedition team, the 22nd oceanic expedition, and scientists working in the country's Antarctic and Arctic stations via video and telephone on Sunday."We are confident and capable of constantly improving our working conditions to conduct polar and oceanic exploration, and winning the initiative in this sector's future development," Li said.Li said the country would work to promote its marine economy and safeguard marine ecosystems, as well, and make full use of the achievements made in explorations to make reasonable development and utilization of ocean resources.China would also ensure the security of ocean passages, and safeguard its marine rights and interests, the vice premier said.Li also conveyed New Years greetings to the scientists for conducting research away from their homeland and families, and applauded their contribution to the country's progress in polar and oceanic research areas.

来源：资阳报