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Starting Social Security early typically means getting a smaller benefit for the rest of your life. The penalty is steep: Someone who applies this year at age 62 would see their monthly benefit check reduced by nearly 30%.Many Americans have little choice but to accept the diminished payments. Even before the pandemic, about half of retirees said they quit working earlier than they’d planned, often due to job loss or health issues. Some have enough retirement savings to delay claiming Social Security, but many don’t. And now, with unemployment approaching Depression-era levels, claiming early may be the best of bad options for older people who can’t find a job.But the penalty for early filing, and the bonus for delaying your application, are based on old formulas that don’t reflect gains in life expectancy, says economist Alicia Munnell, director of the Center for Retirement Research at Boston College. The result is a system that unfairly penalizes early filers, unjustly benefits late filers — and hurts lower-income people the most.“Low-income people disproportionately collect benefits at 62 and their benefits are cut too much, and high-income people disproportionately delay claiming till 70 and their benefits are increased too much,” Munnell says. “So you penalize the low-income and you benefit the high-income.”The problem started off as a solutionOriginally, Social Security had one retirement age: 65. In 1956, Congress authorized a reduced benefit for women, to allow them to retire at the same time as their typically older husbands. The reduced benefit option was extended to men in 1961.The amount of the reduction was meant to be “actuarially neutral,” so that the cost to Social Security would be the same whether those with average life expectancies claimed the smaller check earlier or the larger check later.As life expectancies rose, though, early filers wound up living with the penalty for longer. In 1956, a 65-year-old woman had an average life expectancy of 16.9 years. Today, it’s 21.6 years, Munnell says. Instead of being actuarially neutral, in other words, the current system results in early filers with average life expectancies getting less.On top of that, Social Security offers a bonus for those who can afford to wait. A 1% delayed retirement credit was introduced in 1972, and the amount was increased over the years to the current 8%. So each year you put off claiming Social Security past your full retirement age adds 8% to your payment. Full retirement age varies according to birth year and is 67 for people born in 1960 or later.Let’s say your full retirement age is 67 and your benefit, if started then, would be ,000 a month. Starting at 62 would shrink the benefit to 0, while waiting until 70 to begin would boost the amount to ,240.The longer you live, the more you can benefit from a delayed filing — and the higher your income, the longer you’re likely to live. In fact, most of the gains in life expectancy in recent years have accrued to higher-income people.Between 2001 and 2014, for example, life expectancy rose by more than two years for men and nearly three years for women with incomes in the top 5%, according to a study for the Social Security Administration. During the same period, life expectancies for those in the bottom 5% of incomes rose a little less than four months for men and about two weeks for women.How benefits could change to be fairerTo restore actuarial fairness, the penalty for early filing should be lower, Munnell says. Someone who retires at 62 instead of 67 should get 22.5% less, rather than 30% less. Similarly, the bonus for waiting should be reduced to just below 7% per year.“The way it’s set up now, people will get 124% of their full benefit if they wait till 70 and they really should only get 120%,” Munnell says.Obviously, Social Security has bigger problems. Once its trust fund is depleted, as projected in 15 years or so, the system will be able to pay only 79% of promised benefits in 2035. That proportion is estimated to drop to 73% by 2094.When Congress finally gets around to fixing the system, Munnell says, it should consider making the payouts more fair.“I think there’ll be some grand bargain on Social Security at some point because I don’t think anybody’s really going to allow benefits to be cut 25%,” Munnell says. “This [actuarial fairness] probably should be put on the agenda.”This article was written by NerdWallet and was originally published by the Associated Press.More From NerdWalletHow to Renegotiate Your Bills to Save MoneyFeeling Out of Control? These Money Moves Could HelpRenters at Risk: Ways to Cope in the Financial CrisisLiz Weston is a writer at NerdWallet. Email: lweston@nerdwallet.com. Twitter: @lizweston. 4771

Stevie Wonder has joined Twitter and his first tweet did not disappoint.The Grammy-winning superstar paid tribute to Dr. Martin Luther King on Wednesday in his inaugural tweet posted shortly after 8 p.m. ET. The timing of the tweet appears to coincide with the moment the civil rights leader was pronounced dead fifty years ago.The tweet came with a star-studded video in which the Obamas and celebrities such as Common, Bette Midler, and Billy Crystal talked about their own dreams -- a nod to King's famous "I Have A Dream" speech. King delivered the speech five years before he was assassinated in Memphis."On April 4th, 1968 at 7:05 p.m. central time, Dr. King's life was cut tragically short. 50 years later a need for his dream to be fulfilled is far greater than ever," Wonder tweeted on Wednesday. "Share your dream & post your own #DreamStillLives video. Spread love...spread hope."Wonder called in a host of famous friends from politics, sports, business, music and entertainment to help him with the video tribute. Kamala Harris, Dave Chappelle, Warren Buffett, Bon Jovi, Katy Perry, Serena Williams and Smokey Robinson also made appearances in the five-minute video. 1190

Tesla on Thursday recalled about 123,000 Model S sedans, asking customers with cars built before April of 2016 to have their power steering bolts replaced.A Tesla spokesperson said the company has observed "excessive corrosion" of the part in some cold climates where a certain type of road salt is used.No injuries or accidents have been reported in connection with the issue, the spokesperson said.A Tesla spokesperson said that if the bolts fail, the driver should still be able to control the vehicle. The issue can make the car more difficult to steer at low speeds and to parallel park, and it should "not materially affect control at high speed."The company sent out emails to Model S owners who have cars included in the recall.The Model S has been lauded for its safety ratings, but news of this recall comes at a rough time for Tesla.Its stock price has plunged more than 25% over the past month. Investors are worried about the startup's ability to deliver on its first mass-market car, the Model 3, which has been plagued by manufacturing woes.Tesla's stock sank nearly 4% during after-hours trading Thursday after news broke about the Model S recall. 1171

TAMPA, Florida — After WFTS television station in Tampa, Florida aired a story about area mothers who recorded numerous drivers passing by a school bus with its stop sign out on U.S. 19, Pasco Sheriff's Office stepped in.Deputies blocked off the street to make sure they could stop each vehicle that drove past the bus.  343

Starting today, Walmart employees across the country will receive bonuses up to ,000. A press release states that employees could get a one-time bonus of up to ,000 and a fourth-quarter bonus based on their store's sales performance. Walmart has also expanded its paid leave policy, offering full-time hourly employees 10 weeks of paid maternity leave and six weeks of paid parental leave.  417

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