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NANJING, April 23 (Xinhua) -- At a time when almost every commodity in China is getting more expensive, the dwindling cost of medicine is a rarity.Zhang Jinkui, a hypertension patient, buys medicines from the community health center of his neighborhood in Changzhou, a city in east China's coastal Jiangsu Province.His prescription list includes Aspirin Enteric-coated tablets, down to 1.4 yuan from 4.7 yuan (0.7 U.S. dollars) per unit, and Fosinopril Sodium Tablets, down to 41.39 yuan from 51.6 yuan per unit.Both drugs are found on the essential drug list unveiled in 2009. The list names the 307 most common western and traditional Chinese medicines, which are heavily subsidized so hospitals can sell them at cost price.A consumer buys medicines with the help of a retailer at a pharmacy in Lianyungang, east China's Jiangsu Province, March 28, 2011.All essential medicines are listed by their generic names, and drug producers compete to supply essential medicines through public procurement.Due to a long history of low government funding for state-run hospitals, which often covers only 10 percent of the hospitals' operating costs, doctors have generated income for hospitals by aggressively prescribing expensive, and sometimes unnecessary, medicines and treatments.The essential medicine system and the reform of publicly funded hospitals, two pillars of China's health reform, are designed to address high medical costs and low accessibility of medical services.In April 2009, China kicked off health reforms aimed at correcting these long-standing problems facing China's health system and easing public grievances.Two years later, the essential medicine system has reduced drug prices, but still fails to please hospitals, patients and drug producers.The system requires government-funded grassroots health clinics, including urban community health centers and rural clinics, to prescribe only essential medicines and to sell these medicines at cost price, rather than with the previous 15 percent mark-up.Such policies have brought hard times to grassroots health clinics, especially in cash-strapped areas.Song Wenzhi, a public health professor at Peking University, said "Grassroots health clinics, without the expertise to perform operations and other treatments, rely heavily on selling drug," adding that these hospitals have found themselves scraping by due to the zero percent mark-up policy.Wang Zhiying, Vice Director of the People's Hospital of Anxiang County in the city of Changde, Hunan Province, said four grassroots hospitals in Changde tested the essential medicine system as pilot projects, but the zero percent mark-up policy took away 60 to 70 percent of the hospitals' revenue.Wang was quoted by "Health News," a newspaper run by China's Ministry of Health, as saying that, due to financial difficulties, the county government had not yet channeled the 8 million yuan (1.2 million U.S.dollars) in support funds into the hospitals' accounts, resulting in the resignations of many doctors.The essential medicine system covers 60 percent of government-funded grassroots hospitals and drug prices have fallen by an average of 30 percent, said Sun Zhigang, Director of the Health Reform Office under the State Council, or China's Cabinet.According to the health reform plan for 2011, the essential medicine system will cover all government-sponsored health institutions at the grassroots level by the end of the year and drugs will be sold there at a zero percent mark-up.Song Wenzhi said the key will be the commitment of local governments to health reform and their financial input. This way, essential medicines can benefit the public without bankrupting grassroots health institutions."That would be a great sum of money." said Song, citing his own studies. "There are roughly 5,000 government-funded hospitals in China. One third of them make profits, one third barely break even, and still one third rely heavily on government subsidies."To maintain the poorest hospitals, central and local level governments would need to invest 15 billion yuan (2.3 billion U.S. dollars) each year, according to Song's estimate.

BEIJING, May 11 (Xinhuanet) -- New retirees suddenly confronted with plenty of time on their hands might be happy to learn that reading keeps one mentally alert and abreast of current aff airs, says Ursula Lenz of Germany's working group of senior citizens' organizations, BAGSO.Growing old can present difficulties such as failing eyesight or problems concentrating, but experts encourage the elderly not to give up on reading and to adapt to their situation.From the perspective of health professionals, there are many advantages to reading books or newspapers for senior citizens.Reading helps the elderly keep a sharp mind. The ability to transform words into mental images is good for cognitive performance. Reading also improves vocabulary, language use and the ability to concentrate, according to Simone Helck from the Kuratorium Deutsche Altershilfe, an organization in Germany that helps promote and develop strategies for taking care of the elderly.So, what exactly happens in the brain when we read?"The brain builds new synapses, junctions between the neurons, when it's stimulated such as during reading," says Manfred Gogol, a physician and president of Germany's Society for Gerontology and Geriatrics.Gogol recommends reading books that deal with subjects that are of special interest to the reader. If a long novel seems like too much work, then try a novella or collection of short stories.But a prerequisite for reading is that any sight defect is corrected by an optician.In response to the needs of elderly people, publishers print books with large typefaces and bigger line spacing. Lenz says it is worthwhile asking for large print books in libraries and bookshops.But no matter what the reading matter is, another important aspect is being able to exchange opinions about a book with other people. Whether it's a society magazine, highbrow literature or a daily newspaper, there is always something to talk about.

BEIJING, Jan. 23 (Xinhua) -- Three years ago when Jason Shen stood on the Times Square for the first time, he didn't expect that a video clip he produced could be shown at the "Crossroads of the World"."In the eyes of an advertisement specialist, Times Square is a dream, where the biggest screen was as tall as a four-storey building and every day about 70,000 passengers could see the ads," said the chief executive officer of Shanghai Lowe & Partners advertising company.The company won the bidding of producing China's national publicity video in November 2009."Our biggest challenge was how to show a real China within just 60 seconds," he recalled.After brainstorming, his team agreed that the main theme should be human beings."The persons appearing in the video clip were like messengers to convey China's friendliness to the world," he said.The video was a step China takes in its foreign relations efforts, and a chance for Shen individually to fulfill a dream.Working as the chief executive producer, Shen gave some details in the filming of the video."Famous actress Zhang Ziyi was a very amiable person," he said. "She was very cooperative and the dress she wore was decided by arranged by our team."John Woo was excited hearing about the plan to make such a national publicity video work. "He told me that it was like reviewing the excitement when hearing China won the bidding of the 2008 Beijing Olympics."Deng Yaping, the four-time Olympic table tennis champion, was not sure how to pose in front of the camera."I told her that she just need to smile like when Ex-Olympic Chief Juan Antonio Samaranch put the gold medal around her neck," Shen said.All celebrities agreed to appear in the video free-of-charge.The smiling faces at the end of the 60-second video were gathered at the Shanghai World Expo, when it was hot and the temperature reached 40 degrees Celsius.But Shen and his team were left with some pity. "It was not easy to have six astronauts including Yang Liwei in the filming. But we could have made the video more lively by asking them to change more poses," he said.After the video was aired, Shen was sometimes questioned if the 59 persons in the short video could represent the entire of China."A good advertisement should give audiences strong visual impact and be enlightening," he said. "I believe that the celebrities and ordinary people from all walks of life could represent a mild and elegant image of China."The 60-second national publicity video is shown 15 times every hour on the Times Square from January 17 to February 14. It is expected to be aired on CNN from January 17 to February 13.A 15-minute documentary produced by the team, which is to be used at important events of Chinese embassies, was also finished. It will show the beautiful scenery of China.

ACCRA, Feb. 12 (Xinhua) -- China would in the coming years inject more capital to support the infrastructure needs of Ghana, Chinese Ambassador to Ghana Gong Jianzhong has said.Briefing the media here on Friday night to announce the visit to Ghana by Chen Deming, the Chinese Minister of Commerce, Ambassador Gong said that China is willing to join in the infrastructure development of Ghana."We are willing to join Ghana in improving its infrastructure base. We will be happy to give our contribution towards the infrastructure development of Ghana," he said.The forthcoming two-day visit by the Chinese minister would afford the two countries to further cement, promote and syncretize the bilateral trade and economic corporation existing between them for more than five decades.The ambassador said the Chinese Embassy in Ghana is committed to offering quality service to Ghanaians engaging in bilateral exchanges and cooperation in different fields.Currently, China has supported the West African country in the construction of various roads, rails, school blocks, hospitals, among others.He called on the Chinese firms in Ghana to raise investments and take corporate social responsibilities in local communities where they are operating.

BEIJING, Jan. 20 (Xinhua) -- China's Ministry of Land and Resources announced Thursday illegal buildings totaling 14.31 million square meters in floor space were demolished in an effort to crackdown on illegal use of land by local governments and enterprises.In the crackdown, the ministry also took control of buildings totaling 34.15 million square meters in floor space, and retrieved 43,000 mu of land, 37 percent of which is farm land, said Li Jianqin, an official from the ministry who is charge of enforcing laws and regulations on land use.Li said violations of land-use laws and regulations were widespread, especially those by local governments.According to him, a total of 2,582 people involved in such violations were handed over to judicial and disciplinary authorities in 2010, with 239 people prosecuted for criminal offenses.