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BEIJING, Oct. 26 -- Delegations from more than 84 countries and regions will participate the ITD conference Monday, and a host of international experts from governments, the private sector and academia will make presentations and lead discussions on this important topic.     The ITD is a cooperative venture formed in 2002 and comprised of the International Monetary Fund (IMF), the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), the World Bank, the Inter-American Development Bank, the European Commission and the UK Department for International Development.     Its purpose is to foster dialogue on important topics in tax policy and administration and to function as a disseminator and repository of information on matters of interest in taxation around the world, through its website, www.itdweb.org.     The IMF attaches great importance to its role as a founding member of the ITD. Recent events in the world economy have made even clearer the necessity of international cooperation and sharing experience in economic matters, and this is the very purpose, which the ITD serves.     The topic of this conference is a timely and critical one. The world has been reminded recently and forcefully of the great importance of the financial sector for macroeconomic stability, growth, and development goals. The sector plays a critical intermediating function - without it credit could not exist, capital could not be channeled to useful purposes and risks could not be managed.     The conference will take place against the background of the worst financial and economic crisis to strike the world in three generations, and, while taxation was not itself the cause of the crisis, elements of the tax system are relevant to its background and resolution.     Most tax systems embody incentives for corporations, financial institutions and in some cases individuals to use debt rather than equity finance.     This is likely to have contributed to the crisis by leading to higher levels of debt than would otherwise have existed - even though there were no obvious tax changes that would explain rapid increases in debt. Tax distortions may also have encouraged the development of complex and opaque financial instruments and structures, including through extensive use of low-tax jurisdictions - which in turn contributed to the difficulty of identifying true levels of risk.     The magnitude of the fiscal challenges facing the world economy is greater than at any other time since World War II.     Estimates done by IMF staff on the fiscal adjustment necessary to bring government debt-to-GDP ratios down to 60 percent by 2030 - over 20 years hence - show a gap in the cyclically adjusted primary balances of some 8 percentage points of GDP in advanced economies to be closed between 2010 and 2020.     This cannot all be accomplished by expenditure reduction. New, or increased, sources of revenue will need to be found, on average perhaps 3 percentage points of GDP. While improvements in compliance and administration could account for some of that gap, it will be necessary to adjust tax policies to a degree not hitherto seen on a wide scale.     Although the world economy remains weak with downside risks and much hardship remain, signs of improvement are thankfully now visible.     This is an opportune juncture, therefore, to begin the work of planning countries' exits from the deteriorated fiscal positions developed in response to the crisis, and to give thought to questions raised by the performance of the financial sector in triggering the crisis.     What role can better tax policies and administration play in preventing a recurrence of this costly episode in economic history?     The financial sector has been, and must continue to be, a critical link in the development of the world's economies. The sector has played a key role in accelerating the development of the emerging markets - many of which, prior to this most recent episode, had grown able to tap the world's financial resources at an increasing rate unparalleled in history.     And for the world's most vulnerable economies, continued financial deepening will be absolutely necessary to permit them to meet their development goals. The upcoming conference will consider the role of taxation in both the industrial and developing countries with respect to these goals.     The conference will address not only the role of the financial sector as a source of revenue itself, and its broader role in the development and growth of the world economy, but also its function in assisting in administration of the tax system-through information reporting, collection of tax payments, and withholding.     This latter role will become ever more important with growing international cooperation in fighting tax evasion and avoidance.     Finally, we must not lose sight of the main function of the tax system - to raise revenue in an economically efficient, non-distortionary, and administratively feasible manner.     Even fully recognizing the existence of both market failures and policy-induced vulnerabilities, including those that contributed to this crisis, it is important to avoid accidentally introducing distortions through the tax system that may prove worse than the evils they are intended to remedy.     "Neutrality" of taxation of the financial sector in this sense is a benchmark against which deviations from this objective may be measured and judged.     One must ask whether any proposed interventions are targeted at a recognized externality or existing distortion, and, if so, whether the proposed action is the most appropriate response. And the multilateral institutions, in particular, must look to the effects which the financial sector and its taxation may have not only on the world's highly developed economies-those with the greatest depth of financial intermediation-but at the effects, direct and indirect, on the world's developing nations.     International cooperation on these matters will be critical to making improvements that will benefit all of us. This week's important event, hosted by the Chinese government and organized by the ITD, is itself a model in this regard.

CANBERRA, Oct. 30 (Xinhua) -- Visiting Chinese Vice Premier Li Keqiang met here Friday with Australian Prime Minister Kevin Rudd to discuss the development of relations between their two countries and issues of common concern.     At the meeting, Li said that a healthy and stable China-Australia relationship was beneficial to the core interests of the two peoples and would therefore help promote stability and prosperity in the region and the world as a whole. Australian Prime Minister Kevin Rudd (L) meets with visiting Chinese Vice Premier Li Keqiang in Canberra, capital of Australia, Oct. 30, 2009As two important nations in the Asia-Pacific region, China and Australia shared a wide range of common interests and solid ground for cooperation, either in maintaining regional peace and stability or in driving regional and global economic growth, and dealing with international challenges, Li said.     Stressing dialogue, coordination and cooperation were crucial for bilateral relations, the vice premier said both nations need to adhere to a strategic and long-term perspective to deal with bilateral ties.     Only by joint efforts could the two sides achieve common progress, he said. Australian Prime Minister Kevin Rudd (3rd R) meets with visiting Chinese Vice Premier Li Keqiang (2nd L) in Canberra, capital of Australia, Oct. 30, 2009Noting that China and Australia have complementary economies, Li said China hopes Australia will always stick to an open and non-discriminatory policy towards Chinese investment in Australia.     Furthermore, Li said, the two governments need to forge a friendly policy environment for business from both nations to conduct mutually beneficial cooperation.     On international cooperation, Li said China seeks to continue communication and coordination with Australia within multilateral cooperation mechanisms such as the United Nations, G20, APEC, East Asia Summit and the Pacific Islands Forum.     Speaking at the meeting, Rudd congratulated China on the 60th anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China and for what the Chinese people has achieved in the past 60 years.     Rudd said he is optimistic about the future of the Australian-Chinese relationship and willing to view those relations in the long run.     China is very important to Australia's future and Australia is also very important to China's future, the prime minister said, adding that the two sides should bring their relations to a new high based on the solid foundation achieved in the past.     Rudd said he and Li have agreed to develop more contacts at a government level in the future.     Rudd said Australia, which understands China's long-term demand of resources and energy, is willing to be a strategic partner with China in this regard.     He also reiterated that Australia adopted an open and nondiscriminatory policy towards investments from China.

BEIJING, Nov. 15 (Xinhua) -- China should enhance supervision and management of the country's insurance investment, said Li Kemu, vice chairman of the China Insurance Regulatory Commission (CIRC),on Sunday.     "With insurance funds were extended into disparate fields, other than bank deposit, demand for a better supervision and risk control enhanced, said Li at the International Finance Forum held in Beijing.     By the end of September, 3.4 trillion yuan (497.8 billion U.S. dollars) of insurance funds were invested in bonds, mutual funds, and stocks markets. Bonds investment alone accounted for 50.6 percent of the total.     Jiang Dingzhi, China Banking Regulatory Commission (CBRC) Vice Chairman also highlighted the importance of establishing a "all-coverage" financial supervision system.     He suggested the country broaden the financial supervision and management system, which would put the mutual funds, hedge funds, and credit risks appraisal agencies under control.     The new system requires financial institutions to share information, and also cooperate to fill the supervision blanks between different financial markets, he said.

SHANGHAI, Nov. 15 (Xinhua) -- U.S. President Barack Obama arrived in China's economic hub Shanghai on Sunday night, starting a state visit to China.     Air Force One touched down at the Shanghai Pudong International Airport in heavy rain at about 23:10.     This is Obama's first state visit to China since he assumed the presidency in January. He is also the first U.S. president who paid a state visit to China within one year in office.     This year marks the 30th anniversary of diplomatic ties between the People's Republic of China and the United States.     U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton, Permanent Representative to the United Nations Susan Rice and National Security Advisor James Jones also arrived in Shanghai Sunday night. U.S. President Barack Obama arrives in Shanghai on Nov. 15, 2009 to begin his first state visit to ChinaPresident Obama will meet with local officials on Monday and have a dialogue with Chinese youth, during which he is supposed to answer questions from netizens via Xinhuanet, a news website of the Xinhua News Agency on Monday.     He will leave Shanghai Monday afternoon for Beijing, where he will hold talks with Chinese President Hu Jintao and meet with other Chinese leaders.     Leaders of the two countries are expected to discuss bilateral ties and major international and regional issues of common concern, according to diplomatic sources. A girl presents a bouquet to U.S. President Barack Obama after he arrives at Shanghai Pudong International Airport on Nov. 15, 2009Presidents of the two countries have met several times since Obama took office.     They agreed to forge positive, cooperative and comprehensive ties in the 21st century during their first meeting on the sidelines of the Group of 20 financial summit in London in April and pledged to further such relations in another meeting five months later in New York.     Obama's visit to China will be of great significance for the development of Sino-U.S. ties in the new era, Chinese Foreign Minister Yang Jiechi said Saturday.

BEIJING, Oct. 22 (Xinhua) -- Chinese Vice Premier Li Keqiang said here Thursday the peaceful and safe use of nuclear energy requires joint efforts of the international community. Li made the remarks when meeting with heads of some of the delegations attending the third meeting of ministerial level officials of the executive committee of the Global Nuclear Energy Partnership(GNEP) in Beijing.     Li said China is ready to deepen international cooperation in this respect by promoting mutual benefit and win-win of all parties. Chinese Vice Premier Li Keqiang (2nd, R) meets heads of some of the delegations attending the third meeting of ministerial level officials of the executive committee of the Global Nuclear Energy Partnership(GNEP) in Beijing, capital of China, on Oct. 22, 2009    GNEP is an international organization aimed to accelerate development and use of clean fuel technology worldwide and reduce the risk of nuclear proliferation.     Li said GNEP provides a platform for relevant countries to carry out exchanges and cooperation. He expressed the wish that GNEP partners should adhere to the principle of equality and seeking common ground through consultation.     He hoped that the partners should reach consensus on the basis of thorough consultation so as to realize common development.     Li said nuclear energy is a quality, highly efficient clean energy. The peaceful use of nuclear energy is an important task for the human kind to achieve sustainable development.     As the most populated developing country in the world, China has made active effort to develop new energy, including nuclear energy, Li said.     This is conducive not only to improving standards of energy supply and meeting the demands for economic, social development and improvement of people's living standards, but also good for environment protection and harmony of energy and environment, Li said.     The GNEP ministerial meeting will be held in Beijing on Friday. Delegations from 42 countries and two international organizations will attend the meeting, including the International Atomic Energy Agency.