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Missing Person Holly Suzanne Courtier Found at Zion National Park. She has been reunited with her family. pic.twitter.com/DdAySxn5Dj— Zion National Park (@ZionNPS) October 18, 2020 194

MORGANTOWN, W.V. – Murder hornets have had their time in the spotlight. Now, scientists say they've discovered “zombie cicadas.”It's a playful name from researchers at West Virginia University, who say they've found that a parasitic fungus, called Massospora, can play mind games on cicadas, causing them to infect others.Researcher showed that the psychedelic fungus can manipulate male cicadas into flicking their wings like females – a mating call – which tempts unsuspecting male cicadas and infects them.The fungus contains chemicals like those found in hallucinogenic mushrooms, according to research published in the journal PLOS Pathogens.“Essentially, the cicadas are luring others into becoming infected because their healthy counterparts are interested in mating,” said Brian Lovett, study co-author and post-doctoral researcher with the Davis College of Agriculture, Natural Resources and Design. “The bioactive compounds may manipulate the insect to stay awake and continue to transmit the pathogen for longer.”The authors of the study compared the effects of the fungus to a “B-horror movie.” Massospora spores gnaw away at a cicada’s genitals, butt and abdomen, replacing them with fungal spores. Then, Lovett says they “wear away like an eraser on a pencil.”Lovett also compared the transmission of the behavior-modifying virus to rabies. He says both rabies and entomopathogenic fungi enlist their living hosts for successful “active host transmission.”“When you're infected with rabies, you become aggressive, you become afraid of water and you don't swallow,” Lovett said. “The virus is passed through saliva and all of those symptoms essentially turn you into a rabies-spreading machine where you're more likely to bite people."In that sense, Lovett says many of us are familiar with active host transmission.“Since we are also animals like insects, we like to think we have complete control over our decisions and we take our freewill for granted,” he said. “But when these pathogens infect cicadas, it's very clear that the pathogen is pulling the behavioral levers of the cicada to cause it to do things which are not in the interest of the cicada but is very much in the interest of the pathogen.”Researchers say cicada nymphs could encounter Massospora in their 17th year as they emerge from the ground to molt into adults or on their way down to feed on roots for 17 years.“The fungus could more or less lay in wait inside its host for the next 17 years until something awakens it, perhaps a hormone cue, where it possibly lays dormant and asymptomatic in its cicada host,” said co-author Matthew Kasson.As grotesque as an infected decaying cicada sounds, researchers say they’re generally harmless to humans. They also reproduce at such a rate that the fungi’s extermination of hordes of cicadas has little effect on their overall population.“They're very docile,” Lovett said. “You can walk right up to one, pick it up to see if it has the fungus (a white to yellowish plug on its back end) and set it back down. They’re not a major pest in any way. They’re just a really interesting quirky insect that’s developed a bizarre lifestyle." 3172

More than 300 medical professionals boarded a U.S. Air Force aircraft and went to Orlando ahead of Hurricane Irma to provide help in the State of Florida.It took three C-17s to get them there, flying out of Joint Base Charleston in South Carolina and Dover Air Force Base in Delaware, according to WFTV in Orlando. A photo taken by Capt. Ryan DeCamp shows doctors, nurses and paramedics aboard a C-17 Globemaster taking off from Dulles International Airport on Sunday.Floridians were emerging from shelters and homes Monday, Sept. 11, to assess damages. The City of Jacksonville was evacuating around 11:30 a.m. Eastern as storm surge was expected there.Irma made landfall in Marco Island, Florida late Sunday afternoon. It churned through the state for most of the day, spinning off tornados along the way. 820

National hero Captain Sir Tom Moore has been knighted by the Queen in recognition of his outstanding achievement raising almost ￡33 million for the NHS pic.twitter.com/xJYt1kV513— PA Media (@PA) July 17, 2020 216

Moderna is asking American regulators to allow emergency use of its COVID-19 vaccine. It says its final results show the vaccine is 94% effective.The drug maker says it had 196 COVID-19 cases so far in its study. It says 185 of those participants received the placebo, while 11 got the real vaccine. The 30 people who became seriously ill in the trial didn't get the vaccine.FDA advisors are expected to look at all the evidence on December 17. They'll be checking out Pfizer’s vaccine on December 10.Pfizer and Moderna's success with their COVID-19 trials could impact how vaccines are made in the future.It has to do with how they work. They use what's called messenger RNA (mRNA) technology. The virus' genetic code is injected into the body so it can instruct cells on what antibodies to produce.It hasn't been approved to be used in a commercial vaccine before.“In the future, it's clearly going to be tough to beat RNA vaccines for speed and that's a wonderful thing. Just this demonstration of how incredibly fast they can move has been great. How effective they can be, I think will depend on a particular disease,” said Shane Crotty, Ph.D. with the La Jolla Institute for Immunology.Crotty says the narrowest application for this vaccine technology in the future is a similar situation where there's a new emerging virus."The mRNA vaccine has been tried for other infectious diseases and they have been investigated for cancer. There's a whole area of trying to vaccine against cancer, which has kind of been an elusive target,” said Dr. Alessandro Sette with the La Jolla Institute for Immunology.A big question with an mRNA vaccine is how long its protection will last. While there is encouraging findings, there's no historical comparison to look at.A big thing experts say has helped with a vaccine is there has been a lot of money put towards manufacturing before we even knew it would work.Click here to learn more about mRNA vaccines. 1958