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SAN DIEGO (KGTV) — As we approach the November election, all eyes are on a handful of battleground states.That’s because of an election procedure that a lot of people have questions about and one that is unique to presidential politics: the Electoral College.When you fill out a ballot for president, you’re not actually voting for the candidate whose name you see. In California, you’re actually voting for 55 people who you may have never heard of, a “slate of electors,” who turn around and cast the real votes from the state Capitol in December. It dates back to 1787. The Founding Fathers were split on the mechanics of how to elect a president, and “this was the thing that they could all agree on,” said UC San Diego political science professor Daniel Butler.The Electoral College was a compromise between the framers who were leery of giving direct power to the masses and others who opposed having Congress elect the president.“It felt a lot like Parliament, a lot like what the British did, which is not what they were going to do,” Butler said.Article II of the Constitution lays out how it works. Each state gets a number of electors equal to the size of their congressional delegation; their senators and U.S. representatives. California has 55 electors, the most of any state.The Founders set up the Electoral College system under one big assumption: that it would be extremely rare for candidates to actually secure a majority, which today is 270 votes. If the contest ended without a majority winner, it would be decided by Congress.The last election decided by Congress was in 1824. The scenario the Founders predicted might happen once or twice a century has unfolded in every election since.“I think what frustrates many people about the Electoral College is that that majority winner in the popular vote isn’t always who captures the majority in the Electoral College,” said UC San Diego political science chair Thad Kousser.In 2016, then-candidate Donald Trump became just the fifth person in history to win the Electoral College and lose the popular vote, out of 58 presidential elections. It also happened in 2000 in the contest between George W. Bush and Al Gore.The Founders envisioned the Electoral College as a check on the popular vote, able to potentially choose a different candidate than the one favored by the masses, but in practice, electors almost never do that. Most states have laws requiring electors to follow the popular vote.It was big news in 2016 when 10 electors broke ranks in an effort to block candidate Trump, because in every state electors are party loyalists, hand-picked by top leaders. So-called faithless electors have never swung an election.Kousser says for all the recent controversy surrounding the electoral college, there are some major benefits. Because the system empowers states whose electorate is closely divided between the parties, Kousser said it helps mitigate the role of money in politics.“What the electoral college does is it focuses and narrows the playing field to these few battleground states,” he said. “That's where you've got to run ads. That's where you've got to run your campaigns, not in 50 states. If we had to run 50-state campaigns then it would cost billions of dollars to win elections and it would give a huge advantage to whichever side raised the most money.”The other benefit of focusing elections on key swing states is that it pushes the parties more towards the center, Kousser argues. Without the Electoral College, he says candidates would try to “run up the score” and collect as many votes as possible in more populous states like California and Texas that tend to be more politically polarized. 3703

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) - As the temperature rises and more businesses, like movie theaters, are reopening San Diegans and people from neighboring counties are flocking to get a dose of normalcy."We sold out today which is great news for everyone, we sold out today very quickly." General Manager of Theater Box Donnie Eversole said.He said it was wonderful 'being home' back in the theater, "we haven't been in the theater for 90 to 120 days so it's like a new adventure."He said it helps that the week they opened, two blockbusters, Christopher Nolan's Tenet and Bill and Ted Face the Music, are screening.While they're capped at 25% Eversole said you can make sure you claim your seat by reserving online. They are working to add more showtimes while abiding by the new guidelines.Last time San Diego had sweeping reopenings, there was a huge spike in coronavirus cases. Eversole said they are doing everything they cna to prevent another spike, "every cdc guideline is followed to the letter, we do not bend, we do not break. We follow the rules because not only is our business affected, everyone else is and we want to make sure everyone is getting a fair shake and able to recoup some of the summer that's been lost."San Diego is the only lower tier county in Southern California with the ability to have so many re-openings, drawing attention from our neighbors.Supervisor Nathan Fletcher spoke at Wednesday's press conference, urging everyone to do their part to prevent another spike, "One of the most dangerous settings is indoor gatherings, it is house parties, it is people gathering together in an indoor setting and there really is no way for us to enforce that or prevent that other than the public's help and cooperation."He said if there are gatherings and another spike in cases, businesses, like Theater Box, could shut down once again. 1857

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) — As counties across the state are able to reopen, some are seeing COVID-19 case numbers bounce back up.There's concern from business owners that the state's current approach to restrictions could put them in a constant state opening and closing. Forty miles east of San Diego is the small community of Descanso."I was born and raised in Descanso," said Melanie Schlumpberger.Staying true to her roots, Descanso is where Schlumpberger opened her small business, Americutz Salon."It was going great," Schlumpberger said. "I was super busy getting new clients all the time."Then came COVID-19 and the stay at home order."It was very hard not knowing how long we were going to be closed down for," she said.Schlumpberger said savings got her through until she could reopen, but that ended up being short-lived. Cases in San Diego County spiked, and a few weeks later, her doors closed again.She said after being closed for another six weeks, she could reopen under the new state's guidelines."It was really exciting when we got to open back up," said Schlumpberger.Then college started, some county metrics spiked, and business could once again be impacted."I don't want to close down again cause it's so hard," she said. "I don't want to lose all the stuff that I've worked for."Schlumpberger said her operation is safe, and there have been very few cases of COVID-19 in Descanso and the surrounding areas.According to the County of San Diego's COVID-19 dashboard cases by residence, San Diego has more than 19,000 confirmed cases. The county's data show Descanso has 12."If the county numbers go up, unfortunately, the businesses countywide have to adjust," said San Diego County Supervisor Jim Desmond.He says you can look at any county across the state and find a similar issue. Desmond says instead of ping-ponging people's lives, some decisions should be made at the local level."If a business is able to operate safely and follow all the safety protocols and we can enforce those safety protocols, then they should be able to open," he said.Reporter Adam Racusin asked California's Health and Human Services Agency Secretary Dr. Mark Ghaly if there should be a different approach for areas in counties not as impacted by COVID-19."Something we've long considered," Ghaly said. "You know we work very closely at the countywide level. We have throughout this entire response had many counties step forward and highlight exactly what your statement highlighted that we have differential levels of transmission throughout the different parts of the county. We continue to work with the county to figure out where those trends, especially those upward trends, where we might intervene, but certainly our approach has been county by county, countywide. We look forward to continuing to work with the San Diego leadership both on the health and the elected side to make sure that we do make the right decisions for that county broadly speaking, and we'll be looking forward to the upcoming week and those conversations."Ghaly said the state does empathize with the concern of the business owners and the idea of opening up just a few weeks ago to close back down.Schlumpberger is worried if her businesses is impacted again, it might not survive."I've put so much money and time into building my business and to just lose it because they keep closing us down again is not fair," she said.San Diego officials formally asked the governor to not include SDSU case numbers in the county’s overall total, however during a press conference Wednesday, Gov. Newsom said a special exemption would not be considered."You can't isolate, as if it's on an island, the campus community that is part of a larger community. So the answer is no," Newsom said. 3764

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) – Choir members in San Diego have made it their mission to use music to bring comfort to people nearing the end of their lives.Threshold Choir's director, Nadean Burington, started the local chapter in 2011.  It is an a cappella choir that sings for and with those at the thresholds of life.  They sing at the bedside at San Diego hospices, institutions, and private homes.Recently, doctors diagnosed Burington with stage four cancer. She has recently started requesting the choir's services.“It's wonderful. It's a gift back to me now for what I've given to help start it,” Burington said. “I feel well at this point but I want to the music continue for as long as possible.”Burington says the next directors have been picked out. But in the meantime, she is still looking for members to join her choir.  You can reach them at (858) 565-8653. 908

SAN DIEGO (KGTV) - California health officials announced Friday the steepest climb in positive coronavirus cases in history."When I'm worried I'll tell you so you can worry with me and we're there," California Health and Human Services Secretary Dr. Mark Ghaly said. He's worried hospitals could be overwhelmed if we don't stop the rapid spread of the virus."This rapid rate of rise could be even higher if we don't act soon," Dr. Erica Pan, state epidemiologist and deputy director of the California Department of Public Health Center for Infectious Diseases, said.Pan added that we could have a higher spike than we saw over the summer.Many are taking their words to heart and stocked up to stay home. San Diegans saw empty shelves and product limits this week across the county, but officials urge consumers not to worry."We didn't put limits on early enough. There's plenty of product in the supply chain and we just thought it would be better to be proactive because when people only buy what they need there's plenty of supply in the supply chain," said. Kroger CEO Rodney McMullen, asking customers to only buy what they need.When it comes to another lockdown, Director of the National Institute of Health Dr. Anthony Fauci says it's unnecessary. "Public health measures, not lockdown of the country, but public health measures that are simple and easy to understand. The universal wearing of masks. The physical distancing. The avoiding congregating and crowded places. Outdoors is better than indoors, washing hands. It sounds simple in the context of this ominous outbreak but it can turn it around and that's what we need to do," Fauci said.Dr. Ghaly said that doesn't mean more restrictions are off the table. "If additional changes to the purple tier are required we will be working with our local partners to determine what's there ... We are not looking today at a state-wide stay-at-home order," said Ghaly. 1931

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